[ { "slug": "accountants-and-auditors", "socCode": "13-2011", "title": "Accountants and Auditors", "category": "business-finance", "riskScore": 68, "freyOsborneProb": 0.94, "employment": 1448290, "medianWage": 81680, "wage10th": 52780, "wage90th": 141420, "projectedGrowthPct": 4.6, "genaiExposure": 90, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI credit scoring and underwriting models", "Automated data interpretation and insight generation", "Automated tax preparation and compliance tools", "AI summarization replacing manual report compilation" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Crisis financial decision-making under uncertainty", "Stakeholder management in complex organizational settings", "Navigating regulatory ambiguity and compliance judgment" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 69 }, { "title": "Lawyers, Judges, and Related Workers", "slug": "lawyers-judges-and-related-workers", "riskScore": 17, "medianWage": 144040, "skillsOverlap": 67 }, { "title": "Education Administrators, All Other", "slug": "education-administrators-all-other", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 89040, "skillsOverlap": 59 } ], "topTasks": [ "Prepare detailed reports on audit findings.", "Report to management about asset utilization and audit results, and recommend changes in operations and financial activities.", "Collect and analyze data to detect deficient controls, duplicated effort, extravagance, fraud, or non-compliance with laws, regulations, and management policies.", "Inspect account books and accounting systems for efficiency, effectiveness, and use of accepted accounting procedures to record transactions.", "Supervise auditing of establishments, and determine scope of investigation required." ], "topSkills": [ "Tax preparation software", "Enterprise resource planning ERP software", "Compliance software", "Financial analysis software", "Accounting software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Economics and Accounting", "English Language", "Mathematics", "Administration and Management", "Customer and Personal Service" ] }, { "slug": "actors", "socCode": "27-2011", "title": "Actors", "category": "arts-media", "riskScore": 44, "freyOsborneProb": 0.37, "employment": 38800, "medianWage": 50000, "wage10th": 0, "wage90th": 0, "projectedGrowthPct": 0.3, "genaiExposure": 67, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI copywriting tools reducing editorial demand", "Generative AI producing marketing and creative copy", "AI music composition and audio production", "Generative AI creating visual art and design assets" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Cultural interpretation and contextual sensitivity", "Emotionally resonant storytelling and narrative craft", "Physical artistry and hands-on creative execution", "Original creative vision and artistic direction" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Artists and Related Workers, All Other", "slug": "artists-and-related-workers-all-other", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 72760, "skillsOverlap": 72 }, { "title": "Fashion Designers", "slug": "fashion-designers", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 80690, "skillsOverlap": 72 }, { "title": "Special Effects Artists and Animators", "slug": "special-effects-artists-and-animators", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 99800, "skillsOverlap": 83 } ], "topTasks": [ "Collaborate with other actors as part of an ensemble.", "Portray and interpret roles, using speech, gestures, and body movements, to entertain, inform, or instruct radio, film, television, or live audiences.", "Work closely with directors, other actors, and playwrights to find the interpretation most suited to the role.", "Perform humorous and serious interpretations of emotions, actions, and situations, using body movements, facial expressions, and gestures.", "Study and rehearse roles from scripts to interpret, learn and memorize lines, stunts, and cues as directed." ], "topSkills": [ "Video creation and editing software", "Electronic mail software", "Web page creation and editing software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Operating system software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Fine Arts", "English Language", "Communications and Media", "Sociology and Anthropology", "Psychology" ], "wageNote": "Irregular/variable pay" }, { "slug": "actuaries", "socCode": "15-2011", "title": "Actuaries", "category": "technology", "riskScore": 32, "freyOsborneProb": 0.21, "employment": 28340, "medianWage": 125770, "wage10th": 75240, "wage90th": 206430, "projectedGrowthPct": 21.8, "genaiExposure": 88, "topRiskFactors": [ "Large language model automation of analysis tasks", "AI pair-programming and code generation tools", "Low-code / no-code platforms reducing custom development" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Cross-functional collaboration on ambiguous problems", "Architecting novel systems requiring creative problem-solving", "Stakeholder negotiation and requirements elicitation", "Ethical AI oversight and bias auditing" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 57 }, { "title": "Mathematicians", "slug": "mathematicians", "riskScore": 24, "medianWage": 121680, "skillsOverlap": 81 }, { "title": "Computer and Information Research Scientists", "slug": "computer-and-information-research-scientists", "riskScore": 30, "medianWage": 140910, "skillsOverlap": 79 } ], "topTasks": [ "Ascertain premium rates required and cash reserves and liabilities necessary to ensure payment of future benefits.", "Collaborate with programmers, underwriters, accounts, claims experts, and senior management to help companies develop plans for new lines of business or improvements to existing business.", "Analyze statistical information to estimate mortality, accident, sickness, disability, and retirement rates.", "Design, review, and help administer insurance, annuity and pension plans, determining financial soundness and calculating premiums.", "Determine, or help determine, company policy, and explain complex technical matters to company executives, government officials, shareholders, policyholders, or the public." ], "topSkills": [ "Financial analysis software", "Object or component oriented development software", "Compliance software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Electronic mail software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Mathematics", "Computers and Electronics", "Economics and Accounting", "English Language", "Law and Government" ] }, { "slug": "acupuncturists", "socCode": "29-1291", "title": "Acupuncturists", "category": "healthcare", "riskScore": 47, "freyOsborneProb": 0.4, "employment": 8440, "medianWage": 78140, "wage10th": 41840, "wage90th": 158540, "projectedGrowthPct": 6.8, "genaiExposure": 71, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI-assisted diagnostic imaging 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to provide acupuncture treatment.", "Identify correct anatomical and proportional point locations based on patients' anatomy and positions, contraindications, and precautions related to treatments, such as intradermal needles, moxibustion, electricity, guasha, or bleeding.", "Collect medical histories and general health and lifestyle information from patients." ], "topSkills": [ "Medical software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software", "Electronic mail software", "Operating system software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Medicine and Dentistry", "Customer and Personal Service", "Therapy and Counseling", "Psychology", "Sales and Marketing" ] }, { "slug": "adhesive-bonding-machine-operators-and-tenders", "socCode": "51-9191", "title": "Adhesive Bonding Machine Operators and Tenders", "category": "production", "riskScore": 63, "freyOsborneProb": 0.95, "employment": 12170, "medianWage": 45210, "wage10th": 31290, "wage90th": 60420, "projectedGrowthPct": 1, "genaiExposure": 44, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI quality inspection via computer vision systems", "Predictive maintenance reducing manual inspection roles", "Cobots handling repetitive material handling tasks", "Industrial robotics replacing manual assembly tasks" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Coordinating workflow across diverse production teams", "Troubleshooting complex equipment malfunctions", "Handling non-standard materials and configurations" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 51 }, { "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Transportation and Material Moving Workers, Except Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-transportation-and-material-moving-workers-except-aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 61890, "skillsOverlap": 61 }, { "title": "Fabric and Apparel Patternmakers", "slug": "fabric-and-apparel-patternmakers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 67670, "skillsOverlap": 75 } ], "topTasks": [ "Align and position materials being joined to ensure accurate application of adhesive or heat sealing.", "Adjust machine components according to specifications such as widths, lengths, and thickness of materials and amounts of glue, cement, or adhesive required.", "Monitor machine operations to detect malfunctions and report or resolve problems.", "Start machines, and turn valves or move controls to feed, admit, apply, or transfer materials and adhesives, and to adjust temperature, pressure, and time settings.", "Fill machines with glue, cement, or adhesives." ], "topSkills": [ "Enterprise resource planning ERP software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software", "Presentation software", "Word processing software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Production and Processing", "Mechanical", "English Language", "Mathematics", "Customer and Personal Service" ] }, { "slug": "administrative-law-judges-adjudicators-and-hearing-officers", "socCode": "23-1021", "title": "Administrative Law Judges, Adjudicators, and Hearing Officers", "category": "legal", "riskScore": 56, "freyOsborneProb": 0.64, "employment": 16230, "medianWage": 115230, "wage10th": 56970, "wage90th": 203990, "projectedGrowthPct": -0.7, "genaiExposure": 81, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI coding assistants reducing developer demand", "AI summarization replacing manual report compilation", "Automated document drafting for standard filings", "Generative AI producing marketing and creative copy" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Courtroom advocacy and persuasive oral argument", "Nuanced legal strategy in novel or precedent-setting cases", "Client counseling on sensitive and complex matters", "Ethical judgment in adversarial situations" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Lawyers, Judges, and Related Workers", "slug": "lawyers-judges-and-related-workers", "riskScore": 17, "medianWage": 144040, "skillsOverlap": 78 }, { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales 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software", "Legal management software", "Electronic mail software", "Instant messaging software", "Information retrieval or search software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Law and Government", "English Language", "Customer and Personal Service", "Administrative", "Medicine and Dentistry" ] }, { "slug": "administrative-services-managers", "socCode": "11-3012", "title": "Administrative Services Managers", "category": "management", "riskScore": 55, "freyOsborneProb": 0.73, "employment": 254140, "medianWage": 108390, "wage10th": 64740, "wage90th": 200010, "projectedGrowthPct": 4.6, "genaiExposure": 88, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI coding assistants reducing developer demand", "AI-driven workforce planning and scheduling", "Chatbot displacement of customer-facing interactions", "AI summarization replacing manual report compilation" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Strategic vision-setting in uncertain markets", "Navigating complex interpersonal and political dynamics", "Building organizational culture and employee 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"Establish clear objectives for all lessons, units, and projects and communicate those objectives to students.", "Adapt teaching methods and instructional materials to meet students' varying needs, abilities, and interests.", "Prepare students for further education by encouraging them to explore learning opportunities and to persevere with challenging tasks." ], "topSkills": [ "Graphics or photo imaging software", "Computer based training software", "Desktop communications software", "Multi-media educational software", "Web page creation and editing software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "English Language", "Education and Training", "Customer and Personal Service", "Administrative", "Administration and Management" ] }, { "slug": "advertising-and-promotions-managers", "socCode": "11-2011", "title": "Advertising and Promotions Managers", "category": "management", "riskScore": 34, "freyOsborneProb": 0.039, "employment": 21100, "medianWage": 126960, "wage10th": 63000, "wage90th": 0, "projectedGrowthPct": -2.2, "genaiExposure": 80, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI strategic decision-support dashboards", "AI-powered research and literature review tools", "Automated data interpretation and insight generation" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Inspiring and leading teams through organizational change", "Strategic vision-setting in uncertain markets", "Building organizational culture and employee engagement", "Conflict resolution and mediation across departments" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 81 }, { "title": "Architectural and Engineering Managers", "slug": "architectural-and-engineering-managers", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 167740, "skillsOverlap": 82 }, { "title": "Public Relations Managers", "slug": "public-relations-managers", "riskScore": 26, "medianWage": 138520, "skillsOverlap": 76 } ], "topTasks": [ "Plan and prepare advertising and promotional material to increase sales of products or services, working with customers, company officials, sales departments, and advertising agencies.", "Inspect layouts and advertising copy, and edit scripts, audio, video, and other promotional material for adherence to specifications.", "Confer with department heads or staff to discuss topics such as contracts, selection of advertising media, or product to be advertised.", "Coordinate with the media to disseminate advertising.", "Coordinate activities of departments, such as sales, graphic arts, media, finance, and research." ], "topSkills": [ "Business intelligence and data analysis software", "Document management software", "Video creation and editing software", "Graphics or photo imaging software", "Web page creation and editing software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Sales and Marketing", "English Language", "Communications and Media", "Customer and Personal 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"title": "Education Administrators, All Other", "slug": "education-administrators-all-other", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 89040, "skillsOverlap": 55 }, { "title": "Architectural and Engineering Managers", "slug": "architectural-and-engineering-managers", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 167740, "skillsOverlap": 51 } ], "topTasks": [ "Prepare and deliver sales presentations to new and existing customers to sell new advertising programs and to protect and increase existing advertising.", "Maintain assigned account bases while developing new accounts.", "Provide clients with estimates of the costs of advertising products or services.", "Locate and contact potential clients to offer advertising services.", "Explain to customers how specific types of advertising will help promote their products or services in the most effective way possible." ], "topSkills": [ "Graphics or photo imaging software", "Desktop publishing software", "Calendar and scheduling software", "Customer relationship 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"Strategic vision-setting in uncertain markets" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Fundraising Managers", "slug": "fundraising-managers", "riskScore": 24, "medianWage": 123480, "skillsOverlap": 75 }, { "title": "Architectural and Engineering Managers", "slug": "architectural-and-engineering-managers", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 167740, "skillsOverlap": 60 }, { "title": "Education Administrators, All Other", "slug": "education-administrators-all-other", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 89040, "skillsOverlap": 55 } ], "topTasks": [], "topSkills": [], "topKnowledge": [] }, { "slug": "aerospace-engineering-and-operations-technologists-and-technicians", "socCode": "17-3021", "title": "Aerospace Engineering and Operations Technologists and Technicians", "category": "engineering", "riskScore": 44, "freyOsborneProb": 0.48, "employment": 9060, "medianWage": 79830, "wage10th": 53730, "wage90th": 120440, "projectedGrowthPct": 8.1, "genaiExposure": 49, "topRiskFactors": [ "Robotic inspection and testing automation", "AI-optimized manufacturing process design", "Automated structural and systems analysis software", "Simulation and digital twin automation" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Safety-critical judgment in design review", "Cross-disciplinary collaboration on complex projects", "On-site problem-solving in variable physical conditions", "Novel engineering design for unprecedented challenges" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 78 }, { "title": "Social Scientists and Related Workers", "slug": "social-scientists-and-related-workers", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 92900, "skillsOverlap": 51 }, { "title": "Architects, Except Landscape and Naval", "slug": "architects-except-landscape-and-naval", "riskScore": 29, "medianWage": 96690, "skillsOverlap": 75 } ], "topTasks": [ "Test aircraft systems under simulated operational conditions, performing systems readiness tests and pre- and post-operational checkouts, to establish design or fabrication parameters.", "Identify required data, data acquisition plans, and test parameters, setting up equipment to conform to these specifications.", "Inspect, diagnose, maintain, and operate test setups and equipment to detect malfunctions.", "Confer with engineering personnel regarding details and implications of test procedures and results.", "Operate and calibrate computer systems and devices to comply with test requirements and to perform data acquisition and analysis." ], "topSkills": [ "Data base management system software", "Object or component oriented development software", "Project management software", "Computer aided design CAD software", "Program testing software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Mechanical", "Engineering and Technology", "Mathematics", "Production and Processing", "Customer and Personal Service" ] }, { "slug": "aerospace-engineers", "socCode": "17-2011", "title": "Aerospace Engineers", "category": 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127590, "skillsOverlap": 73 } ], "topTasks": [ "Formulate mathematical models or other methods of computer analysis to develop, evaluate, or modify design, according to customer engineering requirements.", "Plan or conduct experimental, environmental, operational, or stress tests on models or prototypes of aircraft or aerospace systems or equipment.", "Formulate conceptual design of aeronautical or aerospace products or systems to meet customer requirements or conform to environmental regulations.", "Plan or coordinate investigation and resolution of customers' reports of technical problems with aircraft or aerospace vehicles.", "Write technical reports or other documentation, such as handbooks or bulletins, for use by engineering staff, management, or customers." ], "topSkills": [ "Computer aided manufacturing CAM software", "Development environment software", "Analytical or scientific software", "Computer aided design CAD software", "Object or component oriented development software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Engineering and Technology", "Mathematics", "Design", "Physics", "Computers and Electronics" ] }, { "slug": "agents-and-business-managers-of-artists-performers-and-athletes", "socCode": "13-1011", "title": "Agents and Business Managers of Artists, Performers, and Athletes", "category": "business-finance", "riskScore": 40, "freyOsborneProb": 0.24, "employment": 14220, "medianWage": 96310, "wage10th": 48530, "wage90th": 0, "projectedGrowthPct": 8.7, "genaiExposure": 95, "topRiskFactors": [ "Automated financial reporting and reconciliation", "Automated data interpretation and insight generation", "AI summarization replacing manual report compilation" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Stakeholder management in complex organizational settings", "Navigating regulatory ambiguity and compliance judgment", "Crisis financial decision-making under uncertainty", "Strategic advisory requiring deep client relationship knowledge" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, 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"topSkills": [ "Graphics or photo imaging software", "Operating system software", "Video creation and editing software", "Customer relationship management CRM software", "Data base user interface and query software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "Sales and Marketing", "English Language", "Administration and Management", "Fine Arts" ] }, { "slug": "agricultural-engineers", "socCode": "17-2021", "title": "Agricultural Engineers", "category": "engineering", "riskScore": 47, "freyOsborneProb": 0.49, "employment": 1680, "medianWage": 84630, "wage10th": 43020, "wage90th": 132700, "projectedGrowthPct": 5.9, "genaiExposure": 67, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI-optimized manufacturing process design", "Automated data interpretation and insight generation", "Simulation and digital twin automation", "AI summarization replacing manual report compilation" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Safety-critical judgment in design review", "Novel engineering design for unprecedented challenges", "Client communication and technical consultation", "On-site problem-solving in variable physical conditions" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 84 }, { "title": "Social Scientists and Related Workers", "slug": "social-scientists-and-related-workers", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 92900, "skillsOverlap": 57 }, { "title": "Architects, Except Landscape and Naval", "slug": "architects-except-landscape-and-naval", "riskScore": 29, "medianWage": 96690, "skillsOverlap": 81 } ], "topTasks": [ "Prepare reports, sketches, working drawings, specifications, proposals, and budgets for proposed sites or systems.", "Visit sites to observe environmental problems, to consult with contractors, or to monitor construction activities.", "Meet with clients, such as district or regional councils, farmers, and developers, to discuss their needs.", "Discuss plans with clients, contractors, consultants, and other engineers so that they can be evaluated and necessary changes made.", "Test agricultural machinery and equipment to ensure adequate performance." ], "topSkills": [ "Desktop publishing software", "Graphics or photo imaging software", "Computer aided design CAD software", "Enterprise resource planning ERP software", "Geographic information system" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Engineering and Technology", "Computers and Electronics", "Design", "Mathematics", "Physics" ] }, { "slug": "agricultural-equipment-operators", "socCode": "45-2091", "title": "Agricultural Equipment Operators", "category": "agriculture", "riskScore": 59, "freyOsborneProb": 0.87, "employment": 30940, "medianWage": 42580, "wage10th": 31240, "wage90th": 57790, "projectedGrowthPct": 7.7, "genaiExposure": 34, "topRiskFactors": [ "Drone crop monitoring and precision spraying", "AI-driven irrigation and soil analysis systems", "Satellite and sensor-based yield prediction models", "Robotic sorting and packing of produce" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Adapting to variable weather and terrain conditions", "Sustainable land management judgment calls", "Assessing crop health through hands-on field inspection", "Managing livestock behavior and welfare" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Social Scientists and Related Workers", "slug": "social-scientists-and-related-workers", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 92900, "skillsOverlap": 61 }, { "title": "Occupational Health and Safety Specialists and Technicians", "slug": "occupational-health-and-safety-specialists-and-technicians", "riskScore": 26, "medianWage": 78900, "skillsOverlap": 51 }, { "title": "Industrial-Organizational Psychologists", "slug": "industrial-organizational-psychologists", "riskScore": 27, "medianWage": 109840, "skillsOverlap": 69 } ], "topTasks": [ "Load and unload crops or containers of materials, manually or using conveyors, handtrucks, forklifts, or transfer augers.", "Mix specified materials or chemicals, and dump solutions, powders, or seeds into planter or sprayer machinery.", "Spray fertilizer or pesticide solutions to control insects, fungus and weed growth, and diseases, using hand sprayers.", "Observe and listen to machinery operation to detect equipment malfunctions.", "Manipulate controls to set, activate, and adjust mechanisms on machinery." ], "topSkills": [ "Enterprise resource planning ERP software", "Map creation software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Spreadsheet software", "Presentation software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "English Language", "Mechanical", "Public Safety and Security", "Mathematics", "Transportation" ] }, { "slug": "agricultural-inspectors", "socCode": "45-2011", "title": "Agricultural Inspectors", "category": "agriculture", "riskScore": 66, "freyOsborneProb": 0.94, "employment": 12090, "medianWage": 50990, "wage10th": 37440, "wage90th": 80240, "projectedGrowthPct": 1.5, "genaiExposure": 63, "topRiskFactors": [ "Satellite and sensor-based yield prediction models", "Drone crop monitoring and precision spraying", "Autonomous harvesting and planting machinery", "Automated data interpretation and insight generation" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Adapting to variable weather and terrain conditions", "Assessing crop health through hands-on field inspection", "Sustainable land management judgment calls" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Social Scientists and Related Workers", "slug": "social-scientists-and-related-workers", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 92900, "skillsOverlap": 55 }, { "title": "Political Scientists", "slug": "political-scientists", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 139380, "skillsOverlap": 67 }, { "title": "Occupational Health and Safety Specialists and Technicians", "slug": "occupational-health-and-safety-specialists-and-technicians", "riskScore": 26, "medianWage": 78900, "skillsOverlap": 65 } ], "topTasks": [ "Inspect food products and processing procedures to determine whether products are safe to eat.", "Interpret and enforce government acts and regulations and explain required standards to agricultural workers.", "Inspect agricultural commodities or related operations, as well as fish or logging operations, for compliance with laws and regulations governing health, quality, and safety.", "Label and seal graded products and issue official grading certificates.", "Monitor the operations and sanitary conditions of slaughtering or meat processing plants." ], "topSkills": [ "Graphics or photo imaging software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Spreadsheet software", "Internet browser software", "Office suite software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "Administration and Management", "Law and Government", "Administrative", "Mathematics" ] }, { "slug": "agricultural-sciences-teachers-postsecondary", "socCode": "25-1041", "title": "Agricultural Sciences Teachers, Postsecondary", "category": "education", "riskScore": 51, "freyOsborneProb": 0.4, "employment": 8700, "medianWage": 86350, "wage10th": 49080, "wage90th": 160870, "projectedGrowthPct": 4.1, "genaiExposure": 81, "topRiskFactors": [ "Automated grading and assessment tools", "Virtual classroom platforms reducing instructor demand", "AI-powered research and literature review tools", "Adaptive learning technology replacing remedial roles" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Adapting instruction to individual learning needs in real-time", "Managing classroom dynamics and student behavior", "Inspiring and motivating students through personal connection", "Mentoring students through personal and academic challenges" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Dentists, All Other Specialists", "slug": "dentists-all-other-specialists", "riskScore": 13, "medianWage": 225770, "skillsOverlap": 61 }, { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 55 }, { "title": "Postsecondary Teachers", "slug": "postsecondary-teachers", "riskScore": 22, "medianWage": 81600, "skillsOverlap": 78 } ], "topTasks": [ "Keep abreast of developments in the field by reading current literature, talking with colleagues, and participating in professional conferences.", "Advise students on academic and vocational curricula and on career issues.", "Supervise undergraduate or graduate teaching, internship, and research work.", "Supervise laboratory sessions and field work and coordinate laboratory operations.", "Conduct research in a particular field of knowledge and publish findings in professional journals, books, or electronic media." ], "topSkills": [ "Computer based training software", "Calendar and scheduling software", "Word processing software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Information retrieval or search software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Biology", "Education and Training", "English Language", "Administration and Management", "Customer and Personal Service" ] }, { "slug": "agricultural-technicians", "socCode": "19-4012", "title": "Agricultural Technicians", "category": "science", "riskScore": 69, "freyOsborneProb": 0.97, "employment": 14340, "medianWage": 46790, "wage10th": 32860, "wage90th": 69010, "projectedGrowthPct": 4.3, "genaiExposure": 71, "topRiskFactors": [ "Automated data interpretation and insight generation", "Robotic sample preparation and experimentation", "Automated laboratory instrumentation and workflows", "AI literature review and meta-analysis automation" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Ethical oversight of research involving human subjects", "Collaborative scientific discourse and peer review", "Fieldwork in unstructured natural environments" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Social Scientists and Related Workers", "slug": "social-scientists-and-related-workers", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 92900, "skillsOverlap": 81 }, { "title": "Political Scientists", "slug": "political-scientists", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 139380, "skillsOverlap": 73 }, { "title": "Occupational Health and Safety Specialists and Technicians", "slug": "occupational-health-and-safety-specialists-and-technicians", "riskScore": 26, "medianWage": 78900, "skillsOverlap": 71 } ], "topTasks": [ "Prepare land for cultivated crops, orchards, or vineyards by plowing, discing, leveling, or contouring.", "Operate farm machinery, including tractors, plows, mowers, combines, balers, sprayers, earthmoving equipment, or trucks.", "Record data pertaining to experimentation, research, or animal care.", "Maintain or repair agricultural facilities, equipment, or tools to ensure operational readiness, safety, and cleanliness.", "Perform crop production duties, such as tilling, hoeing, pruning, weeding, or harvesting crops." ], "topSkills": [ "Desktop publishing software", "Electronic mail software", "Geographic information system", "Mobile location based services software", "Data base user interface and query software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "Computers and Electronics", "Food Production", "Biology", "Sales and Marketing" ] }, { "slug": "agricultural-workers", "socCode": "45-2000", "title": "Agricultural Workers", "category": "agriculture", "riskScore": 54, "freyOsborneProb": 0.87, "employment": 373730, "medianWage": 36020, "wage10th": 30880, "wage90th": 49850, "projectedGrowthPct": -2.8, "genaiExposure": 35, "topRiskFactors": [ "Robotic sorting and packing of produce", "Autonomous harvesting and planting machinery", "Drone crop monitoring and precision spraying", "AI-driven irrigation and soil analysis systems" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Assessing crop health through hands-on field inspection", "Adapting to variable weather and terrain conditions", "Managing livestock behavior and welfare", "Sustainable land management judgment calls" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Social Scientists and Related Workers", "slug": "social-scientists-and-related-workers", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 92900, "skillsOverlap": 51 }, { "title": "Occupational Health and Safety Specialists and Technicians", "slug": "occupational-health-and-safety-specialists-and-technicians", "riskScore": 26, "medianWage": 78900, "skillsOverlap": 61 }, { "title": "Supervisors of Farming, Fishing, and Forestry Workers", "slug": "supervisors-of-farming-fishing-and-forestry-workers", "riskScore": 35, "medianWage": 59330, "skillsOverlap": 83 } ], "topTasks": [], "topSkills": [], "topKnowledge": [] }, { "slug": "agricultural-workers-all-other", "socCode": "45-2099", "title": "Agricultural Workers, All Other", "category": "agriculture", "riskScore": 51, "freyOsborneProb": 0.87, "employment": 4980, "medianWage": 40390, "wage10th": 27860, "wage90th": 76730, "projectedGrowthPct": 2.3, "genaiExposure": 35, "topRiskFactors": [ "Drone crop monitoring and precision spraying", "Autonomous harvesting and planting machinery", "AI-driven irrigation and soil analysis systems", "Robotic sorting and packing of produce" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Adapting to variable weather and terrain conditions", "Managing livestock behavior and welfare", "Operating in unstructured and remote environments", "Sustainable land management judgment calls" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Social Scientists and Related Workers", "slug": "social-scientists-and-related-workers", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 92900, "skillsOverlap": 65 }, { "title": "Occupational Health and Safety Specialists and Technicians", "slug": "occupational-health-and-safety-specialists-and-technicians", "riskScore": 26, "medianWage": 78900, "skillsOverlap": 55 }, { "title": "Industrial-Organizational Psychologists", "slug": "industrial-organizational-psychologists", "riskScore": 27, "medianWage": 109840, "skillsOverlap": 53 } ], "topTasks": [], "topSkills": [], "topKnowledge": [] }, { "slug": "air-traffic-controllers", "socCode": "53-2021", "title": "Air Traffic Controllers", "category": "transportation", "riskScore": 40, "freyOsborneProb": 0.11, "employment": 22400, "medianWage": 144580, "wage10th": 76090, "wage90th": 210410, "projectedGrowthPct": 1.2, "genaiExposure": 95, "topRiskFactors": [ "Autonomous vehicle and self-driving truck technology", "AI-generated written content replacing manual drafting", "AI route optimization reducing dispatcher roles" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Navigating unpredictable road and weather conditions", "Emergency situation response and quick decision-making", "Navigating complex urban environments with obstacles", "Customer interaction and conflict resolution during delivery" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Transportation and Material Moving Workers, Except Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-transportation-and-material-moving-workers-except-aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 61890, "skillsOverlap": 70 }, { "title": "Airline Pilots, Copilots, and Flight Engineers", "slug": "airline-pilots-copilots-and-flight-engineers", "riskScore": 37, "medianWage": 226600, "skillsOverlap": 81 }, { "title": "Ambulance Drivers and Attendants, Except Emergency Medical Technicians", "slug": "ambulance-drivers-and-attendants-except-emergency-medical-technicians", "riskScore": 28, "medianWage": 34330, "skillsOverlap": 79 } ], "topTasks": [ "Inform pilots about nearby planes or potentially hazardous conditions, such as weather, speed and direction of wind, or visibility problems.", "Issue landing and take-off authorizations or instructions.", "Transfer control of departing flights to traffic control centers and accept control of arriving flights.", "Provide flight path changes or directions to emergency landing fields for pilots traveling in bad weather or in emergency situations.", "Alert airport emergency services in cases of emergency or when aircraft are experiencing difficulties." ], "topSkills": [ "Document management software", "Expert system software", "Flight control software", "Enterprise resource planning ERP software", "Data base user interface and query software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Transportation", "English Language", "Public Safety and Security", "Education and Training", "Customer and Personal Service" ] }, { "slug": "air-transportation-workers", "socCode": "53-2000", "title": "Air Transportation Workers", "category": "transportation", "riskScore": 31, "freyOsborneProb": 0.4, "employment": 320280, "medianWage": 106500, "wage10th": 48410, "wage90th": 0, "projectedGrowthPct": 6, "genaiExposure": 35, "topRiskFactors": [ "Automated warehouse sorting and loading systems", "Drone delivery displacing last-mile logistics workers", "AI route optimization reducing dispatcher roles" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Navigating complex urban environments with obstacles", "Emergency situation response and quick decision-making", "Manual loading of irregular and fragile cargo", "Customer interaction and conflict resolution during delivery" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Transportation and Material Moving Workers, Except Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-transportation-and-material-moving-workers-except-aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 61890, "skillsOverlap": 82 }, { "title": "Ambulance Drivers and Attendants, Except Emergency Medical Technicians", "slug": "ambulance-drivers-and-attendants-except-emergency-medical-technicians", "riskScore": 28, "medianWage": 34330, "skillsOverlap": 76 }, { "title": "Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 29, "medianWage": 63940, "skillsOverlap": 74 } ], "topTasks": [], "topSkills": [], "topKnowledge": [] }, { "slug": "aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "socCode": "53-1041", "title": "Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "category": "transportation", "riskScore": 29, "freyOsborneProb": 0.066, "employment": 10160, "medianWage": 63940, "wage10th": 38010, "wage90th": 96300, "projectedGrowthPct": 5.2, "genaiExposure": 10, "topRiskFactors": [ "Autonomous vehicle and self-driving truck technology", "Predictive maintenance reducing manual inspection needs", "Automated warehouse sorting and loading systems" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Manual loading of irregular and fragile cargo", "Emergency situation response and quick decision-making", "Customer interaction and conflict resolution during delivery", "Navigating complex urban environments with obstacles", "Navigating unpredictable road and weather conditions" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Transportation and Material Moving Workers, Except Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-transportation-and-material-moving-workers-except-aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 61890, "skillsOverlap": 73 }, { "title": "Electrical Power-Line Installers and Repairers", "slug": "electrical-power-line-installers-and-repairers", "riskScore": 28, "medianWage": 92560, "skillsOverlap": 67 }, { "title": "Ambulance Drivers and Attendants, Except Emergency Medical Technicians", "slug": "ambulance-drivers-and-attendants-except-emergency-medical-technicians", "riskScore": 28, "medianWage": 34330, "skillsOverlap": 72 } ], "topTasks": [ "Determine the quantity and orientation of cargo, and compute an aircraft's center of gravity.", "Direct ground crews in the loading, unloading, securing, or staging of aircraft cargo or baggage.", "Train new employees in areas such as safety procedures or equipment operation.", "Distribute cargo to maximize use of space.", "Calculate load weights for different aircraft compartments, using charts and computers." ], "topSkills": [ "Inventory management software", "Office suite software", "Web page creation and editing software", "Spreadsheet software", "Electronic mail software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "Public Safety and Security", "Transportation", "English Language", "Administration and Management" ] }, { "slug": "aircraft-mechanics-and-service-technicians", "socCode": "49-3011", "title": "Aircraft Mechanics and Service Technicians", "category": "repair", "riskScore": 49, "freyOsborneProb": 0.71, "employment": 136390, "medianWage": 78680, "wage10th": 47790, "wage90th": 120080, "projectedGrowthPct": 4, "genaiExposure": 30, "topRiskFactors": [ "Robotic inspection of hard-to-reach equipment", "Automated fault detection via IoT sensor networks", "Augmented reality-guided remote diagnostics", "AI parts inventory and supply chain optimization" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Hands-on fine motor work in intricate machinery", "Diagnosing novel equipment failures through physical inspection", "Customer communication about technical issues", "Working in confined, elevated, or hazardous spaces" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 63 }, { "title": "Electrical Power-Line Installers and Repairers", "slug": "electrical-power-line-installers-and-repairers", "riskScore": 28, "medianWage": 92560, "skillsOverlap": 72 }, { "title": "Architects, Except Landscape and Naval", "slug": "architects-except-landscape-and-naval", "riskScore": 29, "medianWage": 96690, "skillsOverlap": 65 } ], "topTasks": [ "Examine and inspect aircraft components, including landing gear, hydraulic systems, and deicers to locate cracks, breaks, leaks, or other problems.", "Conduct routine and special inspections as required by regulations.", "Inspect completed work to certify that maintenance meets standards and that aircraft are ready for operation.", "Read and interpret maintenance manuals, service bulletins, and other specifications to determine the feasibility and method of repairing or replacing malfunctioning or damaged components.", "Maintain repair logs, documenting all preventive and corrective aircraft maintenance." ], "topSkills": [ "Facilities management software", "Analytical or scientific software", "Computer aided manufacturing CAM software", "Information retrieval or search software", "Accounting software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Mechanical", "English Language", "Engineering and Technology", "Customer and Personal Service", "Mathematics" ] }, { "slug": "aircraft-service-attendants", "socCode": "53-6032", "title": "Aircraft Service Attendants", "category": "transportation", "riskScore": 46, "freyOsborneProb": 0.83, "employment": 27310, "medianWage": 41540, "wage10th": 34320, "wage90th": 55950, "projectedGrowthPct": 5.1, "genaiExposure": 10, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI traffic management and fleet coordination", "Predictive maintenance reducing manual inspection needs", "Automated warehouse sorting and loading systems", "Drone delivery displacing last-mile logistics workers" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Emergency situation response and quick decision-making", "Manual loading of irregular and fragile cargo", "Navigating unpredictable road and weather conditions", "Navigating complex urban environments with obstacles" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Transportation and Material Moving Workers, Except Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-transportation-and-material-moving-workers-except-aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 61890, "skillsOverlap": 72 }, { "title": "Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 29, "medianWage": 63940, "skillsOverlap": 79 }, { "title": "Air Transportation Workers", "slug": "air-transportation-workers", "riskScore": 31, "medianWage": 106500, "skillsOverlap": 75 } ], "topTasks": [ "Apply de-icing fluid to aircraft from baskets lifted by truck-mounted cranes.", "Change aircraft oil, coolant, or other fluids.", "Clean aircraft interiors by picking up waste, wiping down windows, or vacuuming.", "Climb ladders to reach aircraft surfaces to be cleaned.", "Complete forms describing tasks completed." ], "topSkills": [ "Facilities management software", "Information retrieval or search software", "Analytical or scientific software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software" ], "topKnowledge": [] }, { "slug": "aircraft-structure-surfaces-rigging-and-systems-assemblers", "socCode": "51-2011", "title": "Aircraft Structure, Surfaces, Rigging, and Systems Assemblers", "category": "production", "riskScore": 67, "freyOsborneProb": 0.79, "employment": 32890, "medianWage": 61680, "wage10th": 46040, "wage90th": 94950, "projectedGrowthPct": -14.5, "genaiExposure": 21, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI quality inspection via computer vision systems", "Smart factory scheduling and production optimization", "Automated CNC programming and machine operation", "Industrial robotics replacing manual assembly tasks" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Setup and calibration of custom production runs", "Quality judgment requiring tactile and visual inspection", "Troubleshooting complex equipment malfunctions" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 59 }, { "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Transportation and Material Moving Workers, Except Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-transportation-and-material-moving-workers-except-aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 61890, "skillsOverlap": 69 }, { "title": "Fabric and Apparel Patternmakers", "slug": "fabric-and-apparel-patternmakers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 67670, "skillsOverlap": 83 } ], "topTasks": [ "Assemble parts, fittings, or subassemblies on aircraft, using layout tools, hand tools, power tools, or fasteners, such as bolts, screws, rivets, or clamps.", "Read blueprints, illustrations, or specifications to determine layouts, sequences of operations, or identities or relationships of parts.", "Attach brackets, hinges, or clips to secure or support components or subassemblies, using bolts, screws, rivets, chemical bonding, or welding.", "Inspect or test installed units, parts, systems, or assemblies for fit, alignment, performance, defects, or compliance with standards, using measuring instruments or test equipment.", "Adjust, repair, rework, or replace parts or assemblies to ensure proper operation." ], "topSkills": [ "Computer aided design CAD software", "Industrial control software", "Enterprise resource planning ERP software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Mathematics", "Education and Training", "Mechanical", "English Language", "Production and Processing" ] }, { "slug": "airfield-operations-specialists", "socCode": "53-2022", "title": "Airfield Operations Specialists", "category": "transportation", "riskScore": 61, "freyOsborneProb": 0.71, "employment": 16640, "medianWage": 56750, "wage10th": 35200, "wage90th": 111030, "projectedGrowthPct": 4.2, "genaiExposure": 71, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI-generated written content replacing manual drafting", "Large language model automation of analysis tasks", "AI coding assistants reducing developer demand", "Generative AI producing marketing and creative copy" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Manual loading of irregular and fragile cargo", "Customer interaction and conflict resolution during delivery", "Navigating complex urban environments with obstacles" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Transportation and Material Moving Workers, Except Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-transportation-and-material-moving-workers-except-aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 61890, "skillsOverlap": 72 }, { "title": "Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 29, "medianWage": 63940, "skillsOverlap": 79 }, { "title": "Air Transportation Workers", "slug": "air-transportation-workers", "riskScore": 31, "medianWage": 106500, "skillsOverlap": 75 } ], "topTasks": [ "Inspect airfield conditions to ensure compliance with federal regulatory requirements.", "Implement airfield safety procedures to ensure a safe operating environment for personnel and aircraft operation.", "Conduct inspections of the airport property and perimeter to maintain controlled access to airfields.", "Assist in responding to aircraft and medical emergencies.", "Initiate or conduct airport-wide coordination of snow removal on runways and taxiways." ], "topSkills": [ "Graphics or photo imaging software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Application server software", "Expert system software", "Enterprise application integration software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Public Safety and Security", "Transportation", "English Language", "Customer and Personal Service", "Education and Training" ] }, { "slug": "airline-pilots-copilots-and-flight-engineers", "socCode": "53-2011", "title": "Airline Pilots, Copilots, and Flight Engineers", "category": "transportation", "riskScore": 37, "freyOsborneProb": 0.18, "employment": 99300, "medianWage": 226600, "wage10th": 98560, "wage90th": 0, "projectedGrowthPct": 3.9, "genaiExposure": 81, "topRiskFactors": [ "Autonomous vehicle and self-driving truck technology", "AI route optimization reducing dispatcher roles", "AI traffic management and fleet coordination" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Navigating unpredictable road and weather conditions", "Customer interaction and conflict resolution during delivery", "Manual loading of irregular and fragile cargo", "Emergency situation response and quick decision-making" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Transportation and Material Moving Workers, Except Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-transportation-and-material-moving-workers-except-aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 61890, "skillsOverlap": 79 }, { "title": "Ambulance Drivers and Attendants, Except Emergency Medical Technicians", "slug": "ambulance-drivers-and-attendants-except-emergency-medical-technicians", "riskScore": 28, "medianWage": 34330, "skillsOverlap": 73 }, { "title": "Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 29, "medianWage": 63940, "skillsOverlap": 71 } ], "topTasks": [ "Use instrumentation to guide flights when visibility is poor.", "Start engines, operate controls, and pilot airplanes to transport passengers, mail, or freight, adhering to flight plans, regulations, and procedures.", "Work as part of a flight team with other crew members, especially during takeoffs and landings.", "Respond to and report in-flight emergencies and malfunctions.", "Inspect aircraft for defects and malfunctions, according to pre-flight checklists." ], "topSkills": [ "Information retrieval or search software", "Data base user interface and query software", 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presentations." ], "topSkills": [ "Video creation and editing software", "Web page creation and editing software", "Graphics or photo imaging software", "Desktop publishing software", "Data base user interface and query software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Computers and Electronics", "Communications and Media", "English Language", "Telecommunications", "Fine Arts" ] }, { "slug": "audiologists", "socCode": "29-1181", "title": "Audiologists", "category": "healthcare", "riskScore": 31, "freyOsborneProb": 0.003, "employment": 14730, "medianWage": 92120, "wage10th": 61930, "wage90th": 129830, "projectedGrowthPct": 9.5, "genaiExposure": 70, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI-assisted diagnostic imaging reducing radiologist workload", "Large language model automation of analysis tasks", "Chatbot displacement of customer-facing interactions" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Emergency triage requiring rapid human judgment", "Complex clinical judgment in ambiguous presentations", "Interdisciplinary care coordination", "Empathetic patient communication and bedside manner" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Dentists, All Other Specialists", "slug": "dentists-all-other-specialists", "riskScore": 13, "medianWage": 225770, "skillsOverlap": 81 }, { "title": "Dentists, General", "slug": "dentists-general", "riskScore": 24, "medianWage": 172790, "skillsOverlap": 74 }, { "title": "Occupational Therapists", "slug": "occupational-therapists", "riskScore": 28, "medianWage": 98340, "skillsOverlap": 81 } ], "topTasks": [ "Maintain patient records at all stages, including initial and subsequent evaluation and treatment activities.", "Evaluate hearing and balance disorders to determine diagnoses and courses of treatment.", "Fit, dispense, and repair assistive devices, such as hearing aids.", "Administer hearing tests and examine patients to collect information on type and degree of impairment, using specialized instruments and electronic equipment.", "Monitor patients' progress and provide ongoing observation of hearing or balance status." ], "topSkills": [ "Medical software", "Customer relationship management CRM software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software", "Electronic mail software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "Therapy and Counseling", "Psychology", "Medicine and Dentistry", "English Language" ] }, { "slug": "audiovisual-equipment-installers-and-repairers", "socCode": "49-2097", "title": "Audiovisual Equipment Installers and Repairers", "category": "repair", "riskScore": 54, "freyOsborneProb": 0.65, "employment": 22170, "medianWage": 50620, "wage10th": 36310, "wage90th": 82150, "projectedGrowthPct": 6.6, "genaiExposure": 46, "topRiskFactors": [ "Automated fault detection via IoT sensor networks", "Predictive maintenance AI reducing reactive repair needs", "Augmented reality-guided remote diagnostics", "AI parts inventory and supply chain optimization" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Customer communication about technical issues", "Diagnosing novel equipment failures through physical inspection", "Working in confined, elevated, or hazardous spaces", "Hands-on fine motor work in intricate machinery" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 53 }, { "title": "Electrical Power-Line Installers and Repairers", "slug": "electrical-power-line-installers-and-repairers", "riskScore": 28, "medianWage": 92560, "skillsOverlap": 82 }, { "title": "Supervisors of Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Workers", "slug": "supervisors-of-installation-maintenance-and-repair-workers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 78300, "skillsOverlap": 72 } ], "topTasks": [ "Install, service, and repair electronic equipment or instruments such as televisions, radios, and videocassette recorders.", "Calibrate and test equipment, and locate circuit and component faults, using hand and power tools and measuring and testing instruments such as resistance meters and oscilloscopes.", "Confer with customers to determine the nature of problems or to explain repairs.", "Position or mount speakers, and wire speakers to consoles.", "Instruct customers on the safe and proper use of equipment." ], "topSkills": [ "Analytical or scientific software", "Mobile location based services software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software", "Word processing software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Computers and Electronics", "Customer and Personal Service", "Telecommunications", "Mechanical", "English Language" ] }, { "slug": "automotive-and-watercraft-service-attendants", "socCode": "53-6031", "title": "Automotive and Watercraft Service Attendants", "category": "transportation", "riskScore": 64, "freyOsborneProb": 0.83, "employment": 98270, "medianWage": 34850, "wage10th": 27870, "wage90th": 45240, "projectedGrowthPct": -1, "genaiExposure": 53, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI traffic management and fleet coordination", "Predictive maintenance reducing manual inspection needs", "Autonomous vehicle and self-driving truck technology", "Drone delivery displacing last-mile logistics workers" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Navigating complex urban environments with obstacles", "Manual loading of irregular and fragile cargo", "Emergency situation response and quick decision-making" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Transportation and Material Moving Workers, Except Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-transportation-and-material-moving-workers-except-aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 61890, "skillsOverlap": 78 }, { "title": "Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 29, "medianWage": 63940, "skillsOverlap": 70 }, { "title": "Ambulance Drivers and Attendants, Except Emergency Medical Technicians", "slug": "ambulance-drivers-and-attendants-except-emergency-medical-technicians", "riskScore": 28, "medianWage": 34330, "skillsOverlap": 77 } ], "topTasks": [ "Collect cash payments from customers, and make change or charge purchases to customers' credit cards, providing customers with receipts.", "Check tire pressure and levels of fuel, motor oil, transmission, radiator, battery, or other fluids, adding air or fluids as required.", "Perform minor repairs, such as adjusting brakes, replacing spark plugs, or changing engine oil or filters.", "Clean parking areas, offices, restrooms, or equipment, and remove trash.", "Order stock, and price and shelve incoming goods." ], "topSkills": [ "Inventory management software", "Spreadsheet software", "Electronic mail software", "Operating system software", "Point of sale POS software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "Mechanical", "Sales and Marketing", "Administration and Management", "Mathematics" ] }, { "slug": "automotive-body-and-related-repairers", "socCode": "49-3021", "title": "Automotive Body and Related Repairers", "category": "repair", "riskScore": 60, "freyOsborneProb": 0.91, "employment": 155220, "medianWage": 51680, "wage10th": 36390, "wage90th": 87040, "projectedGrowthPct": 1.6, "genaiExposure": 36, "topRiskFactors": [ "Augmented reality-guided remote diagnostics", "Predictive maintenance AI reducing reactive repair needs", "Automated fault detection via IoT sensor networks", "Robotic inspection of hard-to-reach equipment" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Diagnosing novel equipment failures through physical inspection", "Working in confined, elevated, or hazardous spaces", "Customer communication about technical issues" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 65 }, { "title": "Electrical Power-Line Installers and Repairers", "slug": "electrical-power-line-installers-and-repairers", "riskScore": 28, "medianWage": 92560, "skillsOverlap": 79 }, { "title": "Supervisors of Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Workers", "slug": "supervisors-of-installation-maintenance-and-repair-workers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 78300, "skillsOverlap": 84 } ], "topTasks": [ "File, grind, sand, and smooth filled or repaired surfaces, using power tools and hand tools.", "Inspect repaired vehicles for proper functioning, completion of work, dimensional accuracy, and overall appearance of paint job, and test-drive vehicles to ensure proper alignment and handling.", "Fit and weld replacement parts into place, using wrenches and welding equipment, and grind down welds to smooth them, using power grinders and other tools.", "Prime and paint repaired surfaces, using paint sprayguns and motorized sanders.", "Follow supervisors' instructions as to which parts to restore or replace and how much time the job should take." ], "topSkills": [ "Accounting software", "Calendar and scheduling software", "Point of sale POS software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Analytical or scientific software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Mechanical", "Customer and Personal Service", "Production and Processing", "Mathematics", "English Language" ] }, { "slug": "automotive-glass-installers-and-repairers", "socCode": "49-3022", "title": "Automotive Glass Installers and Repairers", "category": "repair", "riskScore": 48, "freyOsborneProb": 0.55, "employment": 18940, "medianWage": 47260, "wage10th": 35080, "wage90th": 67480, "projectedGrowthPct": 3.6, "genaiExposure": 27, "topRiskFactors": [ "Predictive maintenance AI reducing reactive repair needs", "Automated fault detection via IoT sensor networks", "AI parts inventory and supply chain optimization", "Robotic inspection of hard-to-reach equipment" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Customer communication about technical issues", "Hands-on fine motor work in intricate machinery", "Adapting repairs to non-standard or legacy equipment", "Working in confined, elevated, or hazardous spaces" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 61 }, { "title": "Electrical Power-Line Installers and Repairers", "slug": "electrical-power-line-installers-and-repairers", "riskScore": 28, "medianWage": 92560, "skillsOverlap": 70 }, { "title": "Supervisors of Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Workers", "slug": "supervisors-of-installation-maintenance-and-repair-workers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 78300, "skillsOverlap": 75 } ], "topTasks": [ "Prime all scratches on pinchwelds with primer and allow to dry.", "Remove all dirt, foreign matter, and loose glass from damaged areas, apply primer along windshield or window edges, and allow primer to dry.", "Allow all glass parts installed with urethane ample time to cure, taking temperature and humidity into account.", "Apply a bead of urethane around the perimeter of each pinchweld and dress the remaining urethane on the pinchwelds so that it is of uniform level and thickness.", "Select appropriate tools, safety equipment, and parts, according to job requirements." ], "topSkills": [ "Accounting software", "Project management software", "Operating system software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Enterprise resource planning ERP software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "Mechanical", "English Language", "Administration and Management", "Administrative" ] }, { "slug": "automotive-service-technicians-and-mechanics", "socCode": "49-3023", "title": "Automotive Service Technicians and Mechanics", "category": "repair", "riskScore": 52, "freyOsborneProb": 0.59, "employment": 688840, "medianWage": 49670, "wage10th": 33660, "wage90th": 80850, "projectedGrowthPct": 4.2, "genaiExposure": 44, "topRiskFactors": [ "Robotic inspection of hard-to-reach equipment", "Augmented reality-guided remote diagnostics", "AI parts inventory and supply chain optimization", "Predictive maintenance AI reducing reactive repair needs" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Diagnosing novel equipment failures through physical inspection", "Working in confined, elevated, or hazardous spaces", "Hands-on fine motor work in intricate machinery", "Adapting repairs to non-standard or legacy equipment" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 69 }, { "title": "Electrical Power-Line Installers and Repairers", "slug": "electrical-power-line-installers-and-repairers", "riskScore": 28, "medianWage": 92560, "skillsOverlap": 78 }, { "title": "Supervisors of Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Workers", "slug": "supervisors-of-installation-maintenance-and-repair-workers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 78300, "skillsOverlap": 83 } ], "topTasks": [ "Inspect vehicles for damage and record findings so that necessary repairs can be made.", "Test drive vehicles and test components and systems, using equipment such as infrared engine analyzers, compression gauges, and computerized diagnostic devices.", "Test and adjust repaired systems to meet manufacturers' performance specifications.", "Repair, reline, replace, and adjust brakes.", "Review work orders and discuss work with supervisors." ], "topSkills": [ "Facilities management software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Analytical or scientific software", "Computer aided manufacturing CAM software", "Project management software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Mechanical", "Customer and Personal Service", "Computers and Electronics", "Engineering and Technology", "English Language" ] }, { "slug": "avionics-technicians", "socCode": "49-2091", "title": "Avionics Technicians", "category": "repair", "riskScore": 47, "freyOsborneProb": 0.7, "employment": 20900, "medianWage": 81390, "wage10th": 49770, "wage90th": 113580, "projectedGrowthPct": 8.2, "genaiExposure": 53, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI parts inventory and supply chain optimization", "Robotic inspection of hard-to-reach equipment", "Automated fault detection via IoT sensor networks", "Augmented reality-guided remote diagnostics" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Diagnosing novel equipment failures through physical inspection", "Working in confined, elevated, or hazardous spaces", "Adapting repairs to non-standard or legacy equipment", "Hands-on fine motor work in intricate machinery" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 59 }, { "title": "Electrical Power-Line Installers and Repairers", "slug": "electrical-power-line-installers-and-repairers", "riskScore": 28, "medianWage": 92560, "skillsOverlap": 83 }, { "title": "Architects, Except Landscape and Naval", "slug": "architects-except-landscape-and-naval", "riskScore": 29, "medianWage": 96690, "skillsOverlap": 61 } ], "topTasks": [ "Test and troubleshoot instruments, components, and assemblies, using circuit testers, oscilloscopes, or voltmeters.", "Keep records of maintenance and repair work.", "Adjust, repair, or replace malfunctioning components or assemblies, using hand tools or soldering irons.", "Install electrical and electronic components, assemblies, and systems in aircraft, using hand tools, power tools, or soldering irons.", "Set up and operate ground support and test equipment to perform functional flight tests of electrical and electronic systems." ], "topSkills": [ "Portal server software", "Computer aided design CAD software", "Analytical or scientific software", "Object or component oriented development software", "Enterprise resource planning ERP software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Computers and Electronics", "Mechanical", "English Language", "Engineering and Technology", "Customer and Personal Service" ] }, { "slug": "baggage-porters-and-bellhops", "socCode": "39-6011", "title": "Baggage Porters and Bellhops", "category": "personal-care", "riskScore": 61, "freyOsborneProb": 0.83, "employment": 31220, "medianWage": 36020, "wage10th": 25480, "wage90th": 48490, "projectedGrowthPct": -1.6, "genaiExposure": 38, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI-powered skincare and beauty recommendation apps", "Virtual try-on technology reducing in-person consultations", "AI fitness coaching apps displacing personal trainers", "Automated booking and client management platforms" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Emotional support and active listening during sessions", "Personalized hands-on service requiring tactile skill", "Building trust and rapport with repeat clients" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Tour and Travel Guides", "slug": "tour-and-travel-guides", "riskScore": 27, "medianWage": 36660, "skillsOverlap": 83 }, { "title": "Concierges", "slug": "concierges", "riskScore": 29, "medianWage": 37320, "skillsOverlap": 79 }, { "title": "Social Workers, All Other", "slug": "social-workers-all-other", "riskScore": 22, "medianWage": 69480, "skillsOverlap": 63 } ], "topTasks": [ "Receive and mark baggage by completing and attaching claim checks.", "Greet incoming guests and escort them to their rooms.", "Transport guests about premises and local areas, or arrange for transportation.", "Maintain clean lobbies or entrance areas for travelers or guests.", "Transfer luggage, trunks, and packages to and from rooms, loading areas, vehicles, or transportation terminals, by hand or using baggage carts." ], "topSkills": [ "Office suite software", "Spreadsheet software", "Electronic mail software", "Word processing software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "English Language", "Public Safety and Security", "Transportation", "Sales and Marketing" ] }, { "slug": "baggage-porters-bellhops-and-concierges", "socCode": "39-6000", "title": "Baggage Porters, Bellhops, and Concierges", "category": "personal-care", "riskScore": 31, "freyOsborneProb": 0.21, "employment": 75430, "medianWage": 36810, "wage10th": 28360, "wage90th": 54340, "projectedGrowthPct": 0.7, "genaiExposure": 35, "topRiskFactors": [ "Automated booking and client management platforms", "Robotic massage and physical therapy devices", "Virtual try-on technology reducing in-person consultations" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Creative aesthetic judgment for individual clients", "Emotional support and active listening during sessions", "Adapting techniques to individual body types and preferences", "Building trust and rapport with repeat clients" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Concierges", "slug": "concierges", "riskScore": 29, "medianWage": 37320, "skillsOverlap": 79 }, { "title": "Social Workers, All Other", "slug": "social-workers-all-other", "riskScore": 22, "medianWage": 69480, "skillsOverlap": 63 }, { "title": "Occupational Therapy and Physical Therapist Assistants and Aides", "slug": "occupational-therapy-and-physical-therapist-assistants-and-aides", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 61730, "skillsOverlap": 61 } ], "topTasks": [], "topSkills": [], "topKnowledge": [] }, { "slug": "bailiffs", "socCode": "33-3011", "title": "Bailiffs", "category": "protective-service", "riskScore": 44, "freyOsborneProb": 0.36, "employment": 16910, "medianWage": 57050, "wage10th": 32950, "wage90th": 93950, "projectedGrowthPct": -2.2, "genaiExposure": 31, "topRiskFactors": [ "Automated access control and identity verification", "Autonomous patrol and security robots", "AI-powered surveillance and threat detection systems", "Predictive policing and crime analytics" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Physical apprehension and emergency response", "Community relationship-building and trust development", "De-escalation of volatile interpersonal confrontations", "Split-second judgment in life-threatening situations" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 61 }, { "title": "Lawyers, Judges, and Related Workers", "slug": "lawyers-judges-and-related-workers", "riskScore": 17, "medianWage": 144040, "skillsOverlap": 59 }, { "title": "Education Administrators, All Other", "slug": "education-administrators-all-other", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 89040, "skillsOverlap": 51 } ], "topTasks": [ "Screen persons entering courthouse using magnetometers, x-ray machines, and other devices to collect and retain unauthorized firearms and other contraband.", "Escort prisoners to and from courthouse and maintain custody of prisoners during court proceedings.", "Maintain order in courtroom during trial and guard jury from outside contact.", "Provide security by patrolling interior and exterior of courthouse and escorting judges and other court employees.", "Guard lodging of sequestered jury." ], "topSkills": [ "Document management software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Word processing software", "Calendar and scheduling software", "Electronic mail software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Public Safety and Security", "Law and Government", "English Language", "Customer and Personal Service", "Psychology" ] }, { "slug": "bakers", "socCode": "51-3011", "title": "Bakers", "category": "production", "riskScore": 57, "freyOsborneProb": 0.89, "employment": 231890, "medianWage": 36650, "wage10th": 27560, "wage90th": 48260, "projectedGrowthPct": 5.6, "genaiExposure": 31, "topRiskFactors": [ "Industrial robotics replacing manual assembly tasks", "AI quality inspection via computer vision systems", "Automated CNC programming and machine operation", "Cobots handling repetitive material handling tasks" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Setup and calibration of custom production runs", "Handling non-standard materials and configurations", "Quality judgment requiring tactile and visual inspection", "Coordinating workflow across diverse production teams" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 59 }, { "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Transportation and Material Moving Workers, Except Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-transportation-and-material-moving-workers-except-aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 61890, "skillsOverlap": 69 }, { "title": "Fabric and Apparel Patternmakers", "slug": "fabric-and-apparel-patternmakers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 67670, "skillsOverlap": 78 } ], "topTasks": [ "Check products for quality, and identify damaged or expired goods.", "Set oven temperatures, and place items into hot ovens for baking.", "Combine measured ingredients in bowls of mixing, blending, or cooking machinery.", "Place dough in pans, molds, or on sheets, and bake in production ovens or on grills.", "Set time and speed controls for mixing machines, blending machines, or steam kettles so that ingredients will be mixed or cooked according to instructions." ], "topSkills": [ "Time accounting software", "Enterprise resource planning ERP software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Analytical or scientific software", "Electronic mail software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Production and Processing", "Customer and Personal Service", "Food Production", "English Language", "Mathematics" ] }, { "slug": "barbers", "socCode": "39-5011", "title": "Barbers", "category": "personal-care", "riskScore": 61, "freyOsborneProb": 0.8, "employment": 18100, "medianWage": 38960, "wage10th": 27770, "wage90th": 78440, "projectedGrowthPct": 4.1, "genaiExposure": 53, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI fitness coaching apps displacing personal trainers", "Robotic massage and physical therapy devices", "AI-powered skincare and beauty recommendation apps", "Automated booking and client management platforms" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Emotional support and active listening during sessions", "Adapting techniques to individual body types and preferences", "Building trust and rapport with repeat clients" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Social Workers, All Other", "slug": "social-workers-all-other", "riskScore": 22, "medianWage": 69480, "skillsOverlap": 63 }, { "title": "Occupational Therapy and Physical Therapist Assistants and Aides", "slug": "occupational-therapy-and-physical-therapist-assistants-and-aides", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 61730, "skillsOverlap": 61 }, { "title": "Substance Abuse, Behavioral Disorder, and Mental Health Counselors", "slug": "substance-abuse-behavioral-disorder-and-mental-health-counselors", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 59190, "skillsOverlap": 61 } ], "topTasks": [ "Clean and sterilize scissors, combs, clippers, and other instruments.", "Drape and pin protective cloths around customers' shoulders.", "Cut and trim hair according to clients' instructions or current hairstyles, using clippers, combs, hand-held blow driers, and scissors.", "Question patrons regarding desired services and haircut styles.", "Clean work stations and sweep floors." ], "topSkills": [ "Calendar and scheduling software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Web page creation and editing software", "Operating system software", "Spreadsheet software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "Administration and Management", "English Language", "Economics and Accounting", "Psychology" ] }, { "slug": "bartenders", "socCode": "35-3011", "title": "Bartenders", "category": "food-service", "riskScore": 59, "freyOsborneProb": 0.77, "employment": 745610, "medianWage": 33530, "wage10th": 19930, "wage90th": 71920, "projectedGrowthPct": 5.9, "genaiExposure": 44, "topRiskFactors": [ "Automated food preparation and cooking robotics", "AI inventory management and waste reduction", "Automated dishwashing and kitchen cleaning systems", "Robotic food delivery within establishments" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Food presentation requiring artistic and tactile skill", "Managing chaotic high-volume service environments", "Adapting to real-time dietary and allergy requests", "Hospitality and personalized guest experiences" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Education Administrators, All Other", "slug": "education-administrators-all-other", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 89040, "skillsOverlap": 61 }, { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 56 }, { "title": "Tour and Travel Guides", "slug": "tour-and-travel-guides", "riskScore": 27, "medianWage": 36660, "skillsOverlap": 69 } ], "topTasks": [ "Clean glasses, utensils, and bar equipment.", "Collect money for drinks served.", "Balance cash receipts.", "Check identification of customers to verify age requirements for purchase of alcohol.", "Clean bars, work areas, and tables." ], "topSkills": [ "Data base user interface and query software", "Point of sale POS software", "Web page creation and editing software", "Electronic mail software", "Internet browser software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "English Language", "Education and Training", "Sales and Marketing", "Administration and Management" ] }, { "slug": "bicycle-repairers", "socCode": "49-3091", "title": "Bicycle Repairers", "category": "repair", "riskScore": 44, "freyOsborneProb": 0.94, "employment": 12590, "medianWage": 40360, "wage10th": 30640, "wage90th": 52130, "projectedGrowthPct": -2.3, "genaiExposure": 10, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI parts inventory and supply chain optimization", "Robotic inspection of hard-to-reach equipment", "Automated fault detection via IoT sensor networks", "Augmented reality-guided remote diagnostics" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Hands-on fine motor work in intricate machinery", "Customer communication about technical issues", "Adapting repairs to non-standard or legacy equipment", "Working in confined, elevated, or hazardous spaces" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 53 }, { "title": "Electrical Power-Line Installers and Repairers", "slug": 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"skillsOverlap": 63 }, { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 58 } ], "topTasks": [ "Record information about financial status of customers and status of collection efforts.", "Locate and notify customers of delinquent accounts by mail, telephone, or personal visits to solicit payment.", "Locate and monitor overdue accounts, using computers and a variety of automated systems.", "Arrange for debt repayment or establish repayment schedules, based on customers' financial situations.", "Advise customers of necessary actions and strategies for debt repayment." ], "topSkills": [ "Accounting software", "Customer relationship management CRM software", "Point of sale POS software", "Access software", "Categorization or classification software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "English Language", "Customer and Personal 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"topTasks": [ "Operate control consoles.", "Record commercials for later broadcast.", "Announce musical selections, station breaks, commercials, or public service information, and accept requests from listening audience.", "Study background information to prepare for programs or interviews.", "Read news flashes to inform audiences of important events." ], "topSkills": [ "Music or sound editing software", "Word processing software", "Enterprise resource planning ERP software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Enterprise application integration software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Communications and Media", "English Language", "Computers and Electronics", "Customer and Personal Service", "Telecommunications" ] }, { "slug": "broadcast-technicians", "socCode": "27-4012", "title": "Broadcast Technicians", "category": "arts-media", "riskScore": 60, "freyOsborneProb": 0.74, "employment": 21080, "medianWage": 53920, "wage10th": 29190, "wage90th": 115400, "projectedGrowthPct": -2.8, 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"Social Scientists and Related Workers", "slug": "social-scientists-and-related-workers", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 92900, "skillsOverlap": 51 }, { "title": "Architects, Except Landscape and Naval", "slug": "architects-except-landscape-and-naval", "riskScore": 29, "medianWage": 96690, "skillsOverlap": 75 } ], "topTasks": [ "Analyze test data to identify defects or determine calibration requirements.", "Attend conferences, workshops, or other training sessions to learn about new tools or methods.", "Calibrate devices by comparing measurements of pressure, temperature, humidity, or other environmental conditions to known standards.", "Conduct calibration tests to determine performance or reliability of mechanical, structural, or electromechanical equipment.", "Develop new calibration methods or techniques based on measurement science, analyses, or calibration requirements." ], "topSkills": [ "Operating system software", "Computer aided design CAD software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software", "Electronic mail software" ], "topKnowledge": [] }, { "slug": "camera-and-photographic-equipment-repairers", "socCode": "49-9061", "title": "Camera and Photographic Equipment Repairers", "category": "repair", "riskScore": 77, "freyOsborneProb": 0.97, "employment": 2010, "medianWage": 49300, "wage10th": 36020, "wage90th": 76550, "projectedGrowthPct": -15.1, "genaiExposure": 49, "topRiskFactors": [ "Robotic inspection of hard-to-reach equipment", "Automated fault detection via IoT sensor networks", "Augmented reality-guided remote diagnostics", "AI parts inventory and supply chain optimization", "Predictive maintenance AI reducing reactive repair needs" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Adapting repairs to non-standard or legacy equipment", "Customer communication about technical issues", "Working in confined, elevated, or hazardous spaces" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 59 }, { "title": "Electrical Power-Line Installers and Repairers", "slug": "electrical-power-line-installers-and-repairers", "riskScore": 28, "medianWage": 92560, "skillsOverlap": 83 }, { "title": "Supervisors of Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Workers", "slug": "supervisors-of-installation-maintenance-and-repair-workers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 78300, "skillsOverlap": 73 } ], "topTasks": [ "Adjust cameras, photographic mechanisms, or equipment such as range and view finders, shutters, light meters, or lens systems, using hand tools.", "Disassemble equipment to gain access to defect, using hand tools.", "Test equipment performance, focus of lens system, diaphragm alignment, lens mounts, or film transport, using precision gauges.", "Clean and lubricate cameras and polish camera lenses, using cleaning materials and work aids.", "Requisition parts or materials." ], "topSkills": [ "Electronic mail software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software", "Word processing software", "Data base user interface and query software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Mechanical", "Computers and Electronics", "Customer and Personal Service", "English Language", "Engineering and Technology" ] }, { "slug": "camera-operators-television-video-and-film", "socCode": "27-4031", "title": "Camera Operators, Television, Video, and Film", "category": "arts-media", "riskScore": 48, "freyOsborneProb": 0.6, "employment": 24460, "medianWage": 68810, "wage10th": 36240, "wage90th": 131420, "projectedGrowthPct": 1.2, "genaiExposure": 48, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI video editing and post-production automation", "AI music composition and audio production", "Generative AI creating visual art and design assets", "Text-to-image tools displacing graphic design work" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Live performance and audience engagement", "Physical artistry and hands-on creative execution", "Collaborative creative ideation and brainstorming", "Original creative vision and artistic direction" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Artists and Related Workers, All Other", "slug": "artists-and-related-workers-all-other", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 72760, "skillsOverlap": 80 }, { "title": "Fashion Designers", "slug": "fashion-designers", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 80690, "skillsOverlap": 80 }, { "title": "Special Effects Artists and Animators", "slug": "special-effects-artists-and-animators", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 99800, "skillsOverlap": 76 } ], "topTasks": [ "Compose and frame each shot, applying the technical aspects of light, lenses, film, filters, and camera settings to achieve the effects sought by directors.", "Operate television or motion picture cameras to record scenes for television broadcasts, advertising, or motion pictures.", "Adjust positions and controls of cameras, printers, and related equipment to change focus, exposure, and lighting.", "Confer with directors, sound and lighting technicians, electricians, and other crew members to discuss assignments and determine filming sequences, desired effects, camera movements, and lighting requirements.", "Operate zoom lenses, changing images according to specifications and rehearsal instructions." ], "topSkills": [ "Document management software", "Video creation and editing software", "Graphics or photo imaging software", "Web page creation and editing software", "Desktop publishing software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "English Language", "Computers and Electronics", "Communications and Media", "Telecommunications", "Engineering and Technology" ] }, { "slug": "captains-mates-and-pilots-of-water-vessels", "socCode": "53-5021", "title": "Captains, Mates, and Pilots of Water Vessels", "category": "transportation", "riskScore": 38, "freyOsborneProb": 0.27, "employment": 35390, "medianWage": 85540, "wage10th": 46260, "wage90th": 164230, "projectedGrowthPct": 0.5, "genaiExposure": 38, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI route optimization reducing dispatcher roles", "Automated warehouse sorting and loading systems", "Autonomous vehicle and self-driving truck technology" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Emergency situation response and quick decision-making", "Manual loading of irregular and fragile cargo", "Customer interaction and conflict resolution during delivery", "Navigating complex urban environments with obstacles" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Air Transportation Workers", "slug": "air-transportation-workers", "riskScore": 31, "medianWage": 106500, "skillsOverlap": 74 }, { "title": "Ship Engineers", "slug": "ship-engineers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 101320, "skillsOverlap": 70 }, { "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Transportation and Material Moving Workers, Except Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-transportation-and-material-moving-workers-except-aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 61890, "skillsOverlap": 81 } ], "topTasks": [ "Direct courses and speeds of ships, based on specialized knowledge of local winds, weather, water depths, tides, currents, and hazards.", "Prevent ships under navigational control from engaging in unsafe operations.", "Serve as a vessel's docking master upon arrival at a port or at a berth.", "Consult maps, charts, weather reports, or navigation equipment to determine and direct ship movements.", "Steer and operate vessels, using radios, depth finders, radars, lights, buoys, or lighthouses." ], "topSkills": [ "Operating system software", "Computer aided design CAD software", "Facilities management software", "Route navigation software", "Analytical or scientific software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Transportation", "Public Safety and Security", "Mechanical", "Law and Government", "English Language" ] }, { "slug": "cardiologists", "socCode": "29-1212", "title": "Cardiologists", "category": "healthcare", "riskScore": 49, "freyOsborneProb": 0.4, "employment": 18020, "medianWage": 239200, "wage10th": 119970, "wage90th": 0, "projectedGrowthPct": 4.1, "genaiExposure": 71, "topRiskFactors": [ "Natural language processing for clinical documentation", "AI coding assistants reducing developer demand", "AI clinical decision-support tools guiding treatment", "Telehealth platforms automating triage and intake" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Emergency triage requiring rapid human judgment", "Ethical decision-making in end-of-life situations", "Complex clinical judgment in ambiguous presentations", "Empathetic patient communication and bedside manner" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Dentists, All Other Specialists", "slug": "dentists-all-other-specialists", "riskScore": 13, "medianWage": 225770, "skillsOverlap": 72 }, { "title": "Dentists, General", "slug": "dentists-general", "riskScore": 24, "medianWage": 172790, "skillsOverlap": 80 }, { "title": "Prosthodontists", "slug": "prosthodontists", "riskScore": 34, "medianWage": 0, "skillsOverlap": 75 } ], "topTasks": [ "Administer emergency cardiac care for life-threatening heart problems, such as cardiac arrest and heart attack.", "Advise patients and community members concerning diet, activity, hygiene, or disease prevention.", "Answer questions that patients have about their health and well-being.", "Calculate valve areas from blood flow velocity measurements.", "Compare measurements of heart wall thickness and chamber sizes to standards to identify abnormalities, using the results of an echocardiogram." ], "topSkills": [ "Medical software", "Transaction security and virus protection software" ], "topKnowledge": [], "wageNote": "Exceeds BLS reporting threshold" }, { "slug": "cardiovascular-technologists-and-technicians", "socCode": "29-2031", "title": "Cardiovascular Technologists and Technicians", "category": "healthcare", "riskScore": 42, "freyOsborneProb": 0.23, "employment": 61180, "medianWage": 67260, "wage10th": 37890, "wage90th": 108900, "projectedGrowthPct": 3, "genaiExposure": 67, "topRiskFactors": [ "Administrative automation of medical billing and coding", "AI-generated written content replacing manual drafting", "Generative AI producing marketing and creative copy", "Chatbot displacement of customer-facing interactions" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Interdisciplinary care coordination", "Emergency triage requiring rapid human judgment", "Hands-on physical examination and procedures", "Complex clinical judgment in ambiguous presentations" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Dentists, All Other Specialists", "slug": "dentists-all-other-specialists", "riskScore": 13, "medianWage": 225770, "skillsOverlap": 73 }, { "title": "Dentists, General", "slug": "dentists-general", "riskScore": 24, "medianWage": 172790, "skillsOverlap": 81 }, { "title": "Occupational Therapists", "slug": "occupational-therapists", "riskScore": 28, "medianWage": 98340, "skillsOverlap": 73 } ], "topTasks": [ "Conduct electrocardiogram (EKG), phonocardiogram, echocardiogram, stress testing, or other cardiovascular tests to record patients' cardiac activity, using specialized electronic test equipment, recording devices, or laboratory instruments.", "Explain testing procedures to patients to obtain cooperation and reduce anxiety.", "Monitor patients' blood pressure and heart rate using electrocardiogram (EKG) equipment during diagnostic or therapeutic procedures to notify the physician if something appears wrong.", "Obtain and record patient identification, medical history, or test results.", "Monitor patients' comfort and safety during tests, alerting physicians to abnormalities or changes in patient responses." ], "topSkills": [ "Data base user interface and query software", "Medical software", "Web platform development software", "Information retrieval or search software", "Spreadsheet software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "Medicine and Dentistry", "English Language", "Computers and Electronics", "Education and Training" ] }, { "slug": "career-technical-education-teachers-middle-school", "socCode": "25-2023", "title": "Career/Technical Education Teachers, Middle School", "category": "education", "riskScore": 44, "freyOsborneProb": 0.26, "employment": 14200, "medianWage": 63620, "wage10th": 47090, "wage90th": 98430, "projectedGrowthPct": -2, "genaiExposure": 74, "topRiskFactors": [ "Large language model automation of analysis tasks", "AI tutoring systems providing personalized instruction", "AI-generated written content replacing manual drafting", "Automated grading and assessment tools" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Adapting instruction to individual learning needs in real-time", "Managing classroom dynamics and student behavior", "Mentoring students through personal and academic challenges", "Developing creative and engaging hands-on lessons" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Postsecondary Teachers", "slug": "postsecondary-teachers", "riskScore": 22, "medianWage": 81600, "skillsOverlap": 74 }, { "title": "Postsecondary Teachers, All Other", "slug": "postsecondary-teachers-all-other", "riskScore": 22, "medianWage": 78490, "skillsOverlap": 74 }, { "title": "Teachers and Instructors, All Other", "slug": "teachers-and-instructors-all-other", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 64690, "skillsOverlap": 72 } ], "topTasks": [ "Instruct students individually and in groups, using various teaching methods, such as lectures, discussions, and demonstrations.", "Prepare materials and classrooms for class activities.", "Adapt teaching methods and instructional materials to meet students' varying needs and interests.", "Establish and enforce rules for behavior and procedures for maintaining order among students.", "Establish clear objectives for all lessons, units, and projects, and communicate those objectives to students." ], "topSkills": [ "Data base management system software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Storage networking software", "Cloud-based management software", "Expert system software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "English Language", "Education and Training", "Psychology", "Computers and Electronics", "Administrative" ] }, { "slug": "career-technical-education-teachers-postsecondary", "socCode": "25-1194", "title": "Career/Technical Education Teachers, Postsecondary", "category": "education", "riskScore": 50, "freyOsborneProb": 0.4, "employment": 111150, "medianWage": 61490, "wage10th": 38680, "wage90th": 106580, "projectedGrowthPct": 0.7, "genaiExposure": 81, "topRiskFactors": [ "Large language model automation of analysis tasks", "AI-generated curriculum and lesson plan content", "Generative AI producing marketing and creative copy", "Adaptive learning technology replacing remedial roles" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Managing classroom dynamics and student behavior", "Developing creative and engaging hands-on lessons", "Mentoring students through personal and academic challenges", "Adapting instruction to individual learning needs in real-time" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Postsecondary Teachers", "slug": "postsecondary-teachers", "riskScore": 22, "medianWage": 81600, "skillsOverlap": 71 }, { "title": "Postsecondary Teachers, All Other", "slug": "postsecondary-teachers-all-other", "riskScore": 22, "medianWage": 78490, "skillsOverlap": 71 }, { "title": "Teachers and Instructors, All Other", "slug": "teachers-and-instructors-all-other", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 64690, "skillsOverlap": 84 } ], "topTasks": [ "Observe and evaluate students' work to determine progress, provide feedback, and make suggestions for improvement.", "Present lectures and conduct discussions to increase students' knowledge and competence using visual aids, such as graphs, charts, videotapes, and slides.", "Supervise and monitor students' use of tools and equipment.", "Administer oral, written, or performance tests to measure progress and to evaluate training effectiveness.", "Provide individualized instruction and tutorial or remedial instruction." ], "topSkills": [ "Computer based training software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Calendar and scheduling software", "Word processing software", "Information retrieval or search software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Education and Training", "English Language", "Mechanical", "Customer and Personal Service", "Mathematics" ] }, { "slug": "career-technical-education-teachers-secondary-school", "socCode": "25-2032", "title": "Career/Technical Education Teachers, Secondary School", "category": "education", "riskScore": 38, "freyOsborneProb": 0.009, "employment": 104450, "medianWage": 63910, "wage10th": 48840, "wage90th": 98720, "projectedGrowthPct": -1.8, "genaiExposure": 71, "topRiskFactors": [ "Virtual classroom platforms reducing instructor demand", "Large language model automation of analysis tasks", "Automated grading and assessment tools" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Inspiring and motivating students through personal connection", "Developing creative and engaging hands-on lessons", "Adapting instruction to individual learning needs in real-time", "Managing classroom dynamics and student behavior" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Postsecondary Teachers", "slug": "postsecondary-teachers", "riskScore": 22, "medianWage": 81600, "skillsOverlap": 77 }, { "title": "Postsecondary Teachers, All Other", "slug": "postsecondary-teachers-all-other", "riskScore": 22, "medianWage": 78490, "skillsOverlap": 77 }, { "title": "Teachers and Instructors, All Other", "slug": "teachers-and-instructors-all-other", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 64690, "skillsOverlap": 75 } ], "topTasks": [ "Instruct students individually and in groups, using various teaching methods, such as lectures, discussions, and demonstrations.", "Establish and enforce rules for behavior and procedures for maintaining order among students.", "Observe and evaluate students' performance, behavior, social development, and physical health.", "Prepare objectives and outlines for courses of study, following curriculum guidelines or requirements of states and schools.", "Plan and conduct activities for a balanced program of instruction, demonstration, and work time that provides students with opportunities to observe, question, and investigate." ], "topSkills": [ "Computer aided design CAD software", "Computer based training software", "Calendar and scheduling software", "Word processing software", "Information retrieval or search software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Education and Training", "Customer and Personal Service", "English Language", "Computers and Electronics", "Administrative" ] }, { "slug": "cargo-and-freight-agents", "socCode": "43-5011", "title": "Cargo and Freight Agents", "category": "office-admin", "riskScore": 66, "freyOsborneProb": 0.99, "employment": 97800, "medianWage": 49900, "wage10th": 37240, "wage90th": 76350, "projectedGrowthPct": 8.5, "genaiExposure": 69, "topRiskFactors": [ "Large language model automation of analysis tasks", "Automated invoice and expense processing", "Smart form extraction replacing manual data processing", "AI-generated written content replacing manual drafting" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Coordinating complex multi-party events and logistics", "Handling confidential and politically sensitive information", "Building trust-based relationships with executives" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Supervisors of Office and Administrative Support Workers", "slug": "supervisors-of-office-and-administrative-support-workers", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 66140, "skillsOverlap": 71 }, { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 65 }, { "title": "Lawyers, Judges, and Related Workers", "slug": "lawyers-judges-and-related-workers", "riskScore": 17, "medianWage": 144040, "skillsOverlap": 63 } ], "topTasks": [ "Negotiate and arrange transport of goods with shipping or freight companies.", "Determine method of shipment and prepare bills of lading, invoices, and other shipping documents.", "Track delivery progress of shipments.", "Advise clients on transportation and payment methods.", "Estimate freight or postal rates and record shipment costs and weights." ], "topSkills": [ "Procurement software", "Office suite software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Electronic mail software", "Spreadsheet software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Transportation", "Administrative", "Customer and Personal Service", "Geography", "Administration and Management" ] }, { "slug": "carpenters", "socCode": "47-2031", "title": "Carpenters", "category": "construction", "riskScore": 57, "freyOsborneProb": 0.72, "employment": 697740, "medianWage": 59310, "wage10th": 38760, "wage90th": 98370, "projectedGrowthPct": 4.5, "genaiExposure": 50, "topRiskFactors": [ "3D printing of building components", "Autonomous heavy equipment operation", "Robotic bricklaying and prefabrication automation", "Drone-based site surveying and inspection" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Client-facing consultation on custom project needs", "Adapting to unique building configurations on-site", "Real-time safety judgment in hazardous conditions", "Fine motor craftsmanship in custom installations" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 59 }, { "title": "Electricians", "slug": "electricians", "riskScore": 32, "medianWage": 62350, "skillsOverlap": 80 }, { "title": "Supervisors of Construction and Extraction Workers", "slug": "supervisors-of-construction-and-extraction-workers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 78690, "skillsOverlap": 78 } ], "topTasks": [ "Follow established safety rules and regulations and maintain a safe and clean environment.", "Measure and mark cutting lines on materials, using a ruler, pencil, chalk, and marking gauge.", "Assemble and fasten materials to make frameworks or props, using hand tools and wood screws, nails, dowel pins, or glue.", "Study specifications in blueprints, sketches, or building plans to prepare project layout and determine dimensions and materials required.", "Shape or cut materials to specified measurements, using hand tools, machines, or power saws." ], "topSkills": [ "Project management software", "Computer aided design CAD software", "Accounting software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Building and Construction", "Administration and Management", "Mathematics", "Design", "Engineering and Technology" ] }, { "slug": "carpet-installers", "socCode": "47-2041", "title": "Carpet Installers", "category": "construction", "riskScore": 72, "freyOsborneProb": 0.87, "employment": 14980, "medianWage": 49850, "wage10th": 32830, "wage90th": 83200, "projectedGrowthPct": -9.6, "genaiExposure": 53, "topRiskFactors": [ "Robotic bricklaying and prefabrication automation", "Autonomous heavy equipment operation", "BIM-integrated automated progress tracking", "Drone-based site surveying and inspection", "AI project scheduling and resource optimization" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Fine motor craftsmanship in custom installations", "Real-time safety judgment in hazardous conditions", "Physical work in confined or elevated spaces" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 69 }, { "title": "Extraction Workers", "slug": "extraction-workers", "riskScore": 29, "medianWage": 56020, "skillsOverlap": 71 }, { "title": "Electricians", "slug": "electricians", "riskScore": 32, "medianWage": 62350, "skillsOverlap": 80 } ], "topTasks": [ "Inspect the surface to be covered to determine its condition, and correct any imperfections that might show through carpet or cause carpet to wear unevenly.", "Roll out, measure, mark, and cut carpeting to size with a carpet knife, following floor sketches and allowing extra carpet for final fitting.", "Join edges of carpet and seam edges where necessary, by sewing or by using tape with glue and heated carpet iron.", "Cut and trim carpet to fit along wall edges, openings, and projections, finishing the edges with a wall trimmer.", "Plan the layout of the carpet, allowing for expected traffic patterns and placing seams for best appearance and longest wear." ], "topSkills": [ "Computer aided design CAD software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Project management software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "Mathematics", "Administration and Management", "English Language", "Building and Construction" ] }, { "slug": "cartographers-and-photogrammetrists", "socCode": "17-1021", "title": "Cartographers and Photogrammetrists", "category": "engineering", "riskScore": 69, "freyOsborneProb": 0.88, "employment": 12790, "medianWage": 78380, "wage10th": 50500, "wage90th": 121440, "projectedGrowthPct": 6.4, "genaiExposure": 95, "topRiskFactors": [ "Automated data interpretation and insight generation", "AI-assisted CAD and generative design tools", "Large language model automation of analysis tasks", "Generative AI producing marketing and creative copy" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Client communication and technical consultation", "Novel engineering design for unprecedented challenges", "On-site problem-solving in variable physical conditions" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 83 }, { "title": "Social Scientists and Related Workers", "slug": "social-scientists-and-related-workers", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 92900, "skillsOverlap": 61 }, { "title": "Architects, Except Landscape and Naval", "slug": "architects-except-landscape-and-naval", "riskScore": 29, "medianWage": 96690, "skillsOverlap": 80 } ], "topTasks": [ "Compile data required for map preparation, including aerial photographs, survey notes, records, reports, and original maps.", "Delineate aerial photographic detail, such as control points, hydrography, topography, and cultural features, using precision stereoplotting apparatus or drafting instruments.", "Prepare and alter trace maps, charts, tables, detailed drawings, and three-dimensional optical models of terrain using stereoscopic plotting and computer graphics equipment.", "Study legal records to establish boundaries of local, national, and international properties.", "Inspect final compositions to ensure completeness and accuracy." ], "topSkills": [ "Document management software", "Graphics or photo imaging software", "Web page creation and editing software", "Desktop publishing software", "Map creation software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Geography", "Computers and Electronics", "English Language", "Design", "Mathematics" ] }, { "slug": "cashiers", "socCode": "41-2011", "title": "Cashiers", "category": "sales", "riskScore": 79, "freyOsborneProb": 0.97, "employment": 3148030, "medianWage": 31190, "wage10th": 23070, "wage90th": 38220, "projectedGrowthPct": -9.9, "genaiExposure": 61, "topRiskFactors": [ "Chatbot displacement of customer-facing interactions", "Large language model automation of analysis tasks", "AI summarization replacing manual report compilation", "Self-checkout and cashierless store technology", "AI-powered product recommendation engines" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Reading customer emotional cues and adapting approach", "Negotiating bespoke deals with multiple stakeholders", "Consultative selling for complex or high-value products" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Education Administrators, All Other", "slug": "education-administrators-all-other", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 89040, "skillsOverlap": 61 }, { "title": "Supervisors of Office and Administrative Support Workers", "slug": "supervisors-of-office-and-administrative-support-workers", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 66140, "skillsOverlap": 57 }, { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 56 } ], "topTasks": [ "Receive payment by cash, check, credit cards, vouchers, or automatic debits.", "Greet customers entering establishments.", "Issue receipts, refunds, credits, or change due to customers.", "Assist customers by providing information and resolving their complaints.", "Monitor checkout stations to ensure they have adequate cash available and are staffed appropriately." ], "topSkills": [ "Accounting software", "Point of sale POS software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Medical software", "Operating system software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "English Language", "Sales and Marketing", "Administration and Management", "Mathematics" ] }, { "slug": "cement-masons-and-concrete-finishers", "socCode": "47-2051", "title": "Cement Masons and Concrete Finishers", "category": "construction", "riskScore": 52, "freyOsborneProb": 0.94, "employment": 205230, "medianWage": 54660, "wage10th": 38290, "wage90th": 87620, "projectedGrowthPct": 1.8, "genaiExposure": 10, "topRiskFactors": [ "Autonomous heavy equipment operation", "AI project scheduling and resource optimization", "BIM-integrated automated progress tracking", "Robotic bricklaying and prefabrication automation" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Real-time safety judgment in hazardous conditions", "Fine motor craftsmanship in custom installations", "Client-facing consultation on custom project needs", "Physical work in confined or elevated spaces" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 69 }, { "title": "Extraction Workers", "slug": "extraction-workers", "riskScore": 29, "medianWage": 56020, "skillsOverlap": 76 }, { "title": "Electricians", "slug": "electricians", "riskScore": 32, "medianWage": 62350, "skillsOverlap": 70 } ], "topTasks": [ "Check the forms that hold the concrete to see that they are properly constructed.", "Set the forms that hold concrete to the desired pitch and depth, and align them.", "Spread, level, and smooth concrete, using rake, shovel, hand or power trowel, hand or power screed, and float.", "Monitor how the wind, heat, or cold affect the curing of the concrete throughout the entire process.", "Mold expansion joints and edges, using edging tools, jointers, and straightedge." ], "topSkills": [ "Information retrieval or search software", "Analytical or scientific software", "Project management software", "Accounting software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "English Language", "Building and Construction", "Mathematics", "Public Safety and Security", "Mechanical" ] }, { "slug": "chefs-and-head-cooks", "socCode": "35-1011", "title": "Chefs and Head Cooks", "category": "food-service", "riskScore": 39, "freyOsborneProb": 0.1, "employment": 182320, "medianWage": 60990, "wage10th": 36000, "wage90th": 96030, "projectedGrowthPct": 7.1, "genaiExposure": 67, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI inventory management and waste reduction", "Self-ordering kiosks and mobile app displacement", "AI summarization replacing manual report compilation" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Hospitality and personalized guest experiences", "Food presentation requiring artistic and tactile skill", "Adapting to real-time dietary and allergy requests", "Creative menu development and flavor innovation" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 51 }, { "title": "Education Administrators, All Other", "slug": "education-administrators-all-other", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 89040, "skillsOverlap": 61 }, { "title": "Architectural and Engineering Managers", "slug": "architectural-and-engineering-managers", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 167740, "skillsOverlap": 57 } ], "topTasks": [ "Monitor sanitation practices to ensure that employees follow standards and regulations.", "Check the quality of raw or cooked food products to ensure that standards are met.", "Determine production schedules and staff requirements necessary to ensure timely delivery of services.", "Check the quantity and quality of received products.", "Supervise or coordinate activities of cooks or workers engaged in food preparation." ], "topSkills": [ "Time accounting software", "Analytical or scientific software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Financial analysis software", "Electronic mail software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Food Production", "Customer and Personal Service", "Production and Processing", "Administration and Management", "Personnel and Human Resources" ] }, { "slug": "chemical-engineers", "socCode": "17-2041", "title": "Chemical Engineers", "category": "engineering", "riskScore": 30, "freyOsborneProb": 0.017, "employment": 20330, "medianWage": 121860, "wage10th": 78520, "wage90th": 182150, "projectedGrowthPct": 2.6, "genaiExposure": 67, "topRiskFactors": [ "Robotic inspection and testing automation", "Automated structural and systems analysis software", "Simulation and digital twin automation" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Cross-disciplinary collaboration on complex projects", "Novel engineering design for unprecedented challenges", "Safety-critical judgment in design review", "On-site problem-solving in variable physical conditions" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 70 }, { "title": "Electronics Engineers, Except Computer", "slug": "electronics-engineers-except-computer", "riskScore": 29, "medianWage": 127590, "skillsOverlap": 77 }, { "title": "Political Scientists", "slug": "political-scientists", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 139380, "skillsOverlap": 55 } ], "topTasks": [ "Monitor and analyze data from processes and experiments.", "Develop safety procedures to be employed by workers operating equipment or working in close proximity to ongoing chemical reactions.", "Develop processes to separate components of liquids or gases or generate electrical currents, using controlled chemical processes.", "Troubleshoot problems with chemical manufacturing processes.", "Evaluate chemical equipment and processes to identify ways to optimize performance or to ensure compliance with safety and environmental regulations." ], "topSkills": [ "Analytical or scientific software", "Computer aided design CAD software", "Development environment software", "Object or component oriented development software", "Graphics or photo imaging software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Engineering and Technology", "Mathematics", "Chemistry", "Physics", "Production and Processing" ] }, { "slug": "chemical-equipment-operators-and-tenders", "socCode": "51-9011", "title": "Chemical Equipment Operators and Tenders", "category": "production", "riskScore": 59, "freyOsborneProb": 0.76, "employment": 127410, "medianWage": 57090, 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"skillsOverlap": 53 }, { "title": "Fabric and Apparel Patternmakers", "slug": "fabric-and-apparel-patternmakers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 67670, "skillsOverlap": 82 } ], "topTasks": [ "Observe safety precautions to prevent fires or explosions.", "Record operational data, such as temperatures, pressures, ingredients used, processing times, or test results.", "Control or operate equipment in which chemical changes or reactions take place during the processing of industrial or consumer products.", "Patrol work areas to detect leaks or equipment malfunctions or to monitor operating conditions.", "Draw samples of products at specified stages so that analyses can be performed." ], "topSkills": [ "Electronic mail software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software", "Presentation software", "Word processing software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Production and Processing", "Chemistry", "Mechanical", "Computers and Electronics", "English Language" ] }, { "slug": "chemical-plant-and-system-operators", "socCode": "51-8091", "title": "Chemical Plant and System Operators", "category": "production", "riskScore": 66, "freyOsborneProb": 0.85, "employment": 17840, "medianWage": 73540, "wage10th": 48000, "wage90th": 107790, "projectedGrowthPct": -6.1, "genaiExposure": 53, "topRiskFactors": [ "Smart factory scheduling and production optimization", "Cobots handling repetitive material handling tasks", "Industrial robotics replacing manual assembly tasks", "Predictive maintenance reducing manual inspection roles" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Coordinating workflow across diverse production teams", "Setup and calibration of custom production runs", "Quality judgment requiring tactile and visual inspection" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 57 }, { "title": "Electrical Power-Line Installers and Repairers", "slug": "electrical-power-line-installers-and-repairers", "riskScore": 28, "medianWage": 92560, "skillsOverlap": 61 }, { "title": "Architects, Except Landscape and Naval", "slug": "architects-except-landscape-and-naval", "riskScore": 29, "medianWage": 96690, "skillsOverlap": 59 } ], "topTasks": [ "Monitor recording instruments, flowmeters, panel lights, or other indicators and listen for warning signals to verify conformity of process conditions.", "Regulate or shut down equipment during emergency situations, as directed by supervisory personnel.", "Control or operate chemical processes or systems of machines, using panelboards, control boards, or semi-automatic equipment.", "Move control settings to make necessary adjustments on equipment units affecting speeds of chemical reactions, quality, or yields.", "Inspect operating units, such as towers, soap-spray storage tanks, scrubbers, collectors, or driers to ensure that all are functioning and to maintain maximum efficiency." ], "topSkills": [ "Industrial control software", "Network security or virtual 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], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Social Scientists and Related Workers", "slug": "social-scientists-and-related-workers", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 92900, "skillsOverlap": 81 }, { "title": "Political Scientists", "slug": "political-scientists", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 139380, "skillsOverlap": 73 }, { "title": "Occupational Health and Safety Specialists and Technicians", "slug": "occupational-health-and-safety-specialists-and-technicians", "riskScore": 26, "medianWage": 78900, "skillsOverlap": 71 } ], "topTasks": [ "Conduct chemical or physical laboratory tests to assist scientists in making qualitative or quantitative analyses of solids, liquids, or gaseous materials.", "Maintain, clean, or sterilize laboratory instruments or equipment.", "Monitor product quality to ensure compliance with standards and specifications.", "Set up and conduct chemical experiments, tests, and analyses, using techniques such as chromatography, spectroscopy, physical or chemical separation techniques, or microscopy.", "Prepare chemical solutions for products or processes, following standardized formulas, or create experimental formulas." ], "topSkills": [ "Object or component oriented development software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Electronic mail software", "Analytical or scientific software", "Operating system software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Chemistry", "English Language", "Mathematics", "Computers and Electronics", "Production and Processing" ] }, { "slug": "chemistry-teachers-postsecondary", "socCode": "25-1052", "title": "Chemistry Teachers, Postsecondary", "category": "education", "riskScore": 52, "freyOsborneProb": 0.4, "employment": 20390, "medianWage": 86220, "wage10th": 52870, "wage90th": 171600, "projectedGrowthPct": 2.2, "genaiExposure": 86, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI tutoring systems providing personalized instruction", "Virtual classroom platforms reducing instructor demand", "AI coding assistants reducing developer demand", "Adaptive learning technology replacing remedial roles" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Inspiring and motivating students through personal connection", "Adapting instruction to individual learning needs in real-time", "Developing creative and engaging hands-on lessons", "Managing classroom dynamics and student behavior" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Dentists, All Other Specialists", "slug": "dentists-all-other-specialists", "riskScore": 13, "medianWage": 225770, "skillsOverlap": 63 }, { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 57 }, { "title": "Postsecondary Teachers", "slug": "postsecondary-teachers", "riskScore": 22, "medianWage": 81600, "skillsOverlap": 80 } ], "topTasks": [ "Prepare and deliver lectures to undergraduate or graduate students on topics such as organic chemistry, analytical chemistry, and chemical 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organic or inorganic compounds to determine chemical or physical properties, composition, structure, relationships, or reactions, using chromatography, spectroscopy, or spectrophotometry techniques.", "Induce changes in composition of substances by introducing heat, light, energy, or chemical catalysts for quantitative or qualitative analysis.", "Conduct quality control tests.", "Write technical papers or reports or prepare standards and specifications for processes, facilities, products, or tests." ], "topSkills": [ "Analytical or scientific software", "Office suite software", "Presentation software", "Spreadsheet software", "Word processing software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Chemistry", "English Language", "Mathematics", "Production and Processing", "Administration and Management" ] }, { "slug": "chief-executives", "socCode": "11-1011", "title": "Chief Executives", "category": "management", "riskScore": 27, "freyOsborneProb": 0.015, "employment": 211850, "medianWage": 206420, "wage10th": 73710, "wage90th": 0, "projectedGrowthPct": 4.3, "genaiExposure": 86, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI-driven workforce planning and scheduling", "Large language model automation of analysis tasks", "AI strategic decision-support dashboards" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Strategic vision-setting in uncertain markets", "Inspiring and leading teams through organizational change", "Building organizational culture and employee engagement", "Conflict resolution and mediation across departments", "Navigating complex interpersonal and political dynamics" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 77 }, { "title": "Architectural and Engineering Managers", "slug": "architectural-and-engineering-managers", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 167740, "skillsOverlap": 73 }, { "title": "Education Administrators, All Other", "slug": "education-administrators-all-other", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 89040, "skillsOverlap": 82 } ], "topTasks": [ "Direct or coordinate an organization's financial or budget activities to fund operations, maximize investments, or increase efficiency.", "Confer with board members, organization officials, or staff members to discuss issues, coordinate activities, or resolve problems.", "Prepare budgets for approval, including those for funding or implementation of programs.", "Direct, plan, or implement policies, objectives, or activities of organizations or businesses to ensure continuing operations, to maximize returns on investments, or to increase productivity.", "Prepare or present reports concerning activities, expenses, budgets, government statutes or rulings, or other items affecting businesses or program services." ], "topSkills": [ "Document management software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Content workflow software", "Customer relationship management CRM software", "Accounting software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Administration and Management", "Personnel and Human Resources", "English Language", "Customer and Personal Service", "Economics and Accounting" ] }, { "slug": "child-family-and-school-social-workers", "socCode": "21-1021", "title": "Child, Family, and School Social Workers", "category": "community-social", "riskScore": 36, "freyOsborneProb": 0.028, "employment": 382960, "medianWage": 58570, "wage10th": 40580, "wage90th": 94030, "projectedGrowthPct": 3.4, "genaiExposure": 86, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI translation and accessibility tools reducing interpreter needs", "AI-driven case management and resource matching", "AI-generated written content replacing manual drafting" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Deep empathetic engagement with vulnerable populations", "Navigating complex family and community dynamics", "Cultural sensitivity in diverse community contexts", "Crisis intervention requiring immediate human judgment" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Social Workers, All Other", "slug": "social-workers-all-other", "riskScore": 22, "medianWage": 69480, "skillsOverlap": 73 }, { "title": "Substance Abuse, Behavioral Disorder, and Mental Health Counselors", "slug": "substance-abuse-behavioral-disorder-and-mental-health-counselors", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 59190, "skillsOverlap": 71 }, { "title": "Dentists, All Other Specialists", "slug": "dentists-all-other-specialists", "riskScore": 13, "medianWage": 225770, "skillsOverlap": 56 } ], "topTasks": [ "Maintain case history records and prepare reports.", "Interview clients individually, in families, or in groups, assessing their situations, capabilities, and problems to determine what services are required to meet their needs.", "Serve as liaisons between students, homes, schools, family services, child guidance clinics, courts, protective services, doctors, and other contacts to help children who face problems, such as disabilities, abuse, or poverty.", "Develop and review service plans in consultation with clients and perform follow-ups assessing the quantity and quality of services provided.", "Address legal issues, such as child abuse and discipline, assisting with hearings and providing testimony to inform custody arrangements." ], "topSkills": [ "Computer based training software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software", "Electronic mail software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "Psychology", "Therapy and Counseling", "English Language", "Administrative" ] }, { "slug": "childcare-workers", "socCode": "39-9011", "title": "Childcare Workers", "category": "personal-care", "riskScore": 46, "freyOsborneProb": 0.084, "employment": 520180, "medianWage": 32050, "wage10th": 22900, "wage90th": 44560, "projectedGrowthPct": -2.9, "genaiExposure": 67, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI-generated written content replacing manual drafting", "Chatbot displacement of customer-facing interactions", "Large language model automation of analysis tasks", "AI-powered research and literature review tools" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Adapting techniques to individual body types and preferences", "Building trust and rapport with repeat clients", "Personalized hands-on service requiring tactile skill", "Creative aesthetic judgment for individual clients" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Tour and Travel Guides", "slug": "tour-and-travel-guides", "riskScore": 27, "medianWage": 36660, "skillsOverlap": 83 }, { "title": "Concierges", "slug": "concierges", "riskScore": 29, "medianWage": 37320, "skillsOverlap": 79 }, { "title": "Social Workers, All Other", "slug": "social-workers-all-other", "riskScore": 22, "medianWage": 69480, "skillsOverlap": 53 } ], "topTasks": [ "Maintain a safe play environment.", "Observe and monitor children's play activities.", "Communicate with children's parents or guardians about daily activities, behaviors, and related issues.", "Support children's emotional and social development, encouraging understanding of others and positive self-concepts.", "Care for children in institutional setting, such as group homes, nursery schools, private businesses, or schools for people with disabilities." ], "topSkills": [ "Computer based training software", "Project management software", "Office suite software", "Word processing software", "Multi-media educational software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "English Language", "Customer and Personal Service", "Psychology", "Education and Training", "Public Safety and Security" ] }, { "slug": "chiropractors", "socCode": "29-1011", "title": "Chiropractors", "category": "healthcare", "riskScore": 35, "freyOsborneProb": 0.027, "employment": 37630, "medianWage": 79000, "wage10th": 44780, "wage90th": 149990, "projectedGrowthPct": 9.5, "genaiExposure": 78, "topRiskFactors": [ "Administrative automation of medical billing and coding", "Large language model automation of analysis tasks", "Telehealth platforms automating triage and intake" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Empathetic patient communication and bedside manner", "Interdisciplinary care coordination", "Complex clinical judgment in ambiguous presentations", "Ethical decision-making in end-of-life situations" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Dentists, All Other Specialists", "slug": "dentists-all-other-specialists", "riskScore": 13, "medianWage": 225770, "skillsOverlap": 74 }, { "title": "Dentists, General", "slug": "dentists-general", "riskScore": 24, "medianWage": 172790, "skillsOverlap": 82 }, { "title": "Occupational Therapists", "slug": "occupational-therapists", "riskScore": 28, "medianWage": 98340, "skillsOverlap": 74 } ], "topTasks": [ "Evaluate the functioning of the neuromuscularskeletal system and the spine using systems of chiropractic diagnosis.", "Diagnose health problems by reviewing patients' health and medical histories, questioning, observing, and examining patients and interpreting x-rays.", "Perform a series of manual adjustments to the spine or other articulations of the body to correct the musculoskeletal system.", "Obtain and record patients' medical histories.", "Maintain accurate case histories of patients." ], "topSkills": [ "Medical software", "Accounting software", "Enterprise resource planning ERP software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Medicine and Dentistry", "English Language", "Customer and Personal Service", "Biology", "Psychology" ] }, { "slug": "choreographers", "socCode": "27-2032", "title": "Choreographers", "category": "arts-media", "riskScore": 33, "freyOsborneProb": 0.004, "employment": 3430, "medianWage": 55600, "wage10th": 33080, "wage90th": 94090, "projectedGrowthPct": 6.1, "genaiExposure": 74, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI copywriting tools reducing editorial demand", "Automated content curation and social media management", "AI summarization replacing manual report compilation" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Physical artistry and hands-on creative execution", "Cultural interpretation and contextual sensitivity", "Emotionally resonant storytelling and narrative craft", "Live performance and audience engagement" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Artists and Related Workers, All Other", "slug": "artists-and-related-workers-all-other", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 72760, "skillsOverlap": 80 }, { "title": "Fashion Designers", "slug": "fashion-designers", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 80690, "skillsOverlap": 80 }, { "title": "Special Effects Artists and Animators", "slug": "special-effects-artists-and-animators", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 99800, "skillsOverlap": 76 } ], "topTasks": [ "Direct rehearsals to instruct dancers in dance steps and in techniques to achieve desired effects.", "Advise dancers on standing and moving properly, teaching correct dance techniques to help prevent injuries.", "Teach students, dancers, and other performers about rhythm and interpretive movement.", "Record dance movements and their technical aspects, using a technical understanding of the patterns and formations of choreography.", "Direct and stage dance presentations for various forms of entertainment." ], "topSkills": [ "Graphics or photo imaging software", "Electronic mail software", "Web page creation and editing software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Fine Arts", "Education and Training", "Administration and Management", "Production and Processing", "Design" ] }, { "slug": "civil-engineering-technologists-and-technicians", "socCode": "17-3022", "title": "Civil Engineering Technologists and Technicians", "category": "engineering", "riskScore": 56, "freyOsborneProb": 0.75, "employment": 62130, "medianWage": 64200, "wage10th": 43550, "wage90th": 97840, "projectedGrowthPct": 2.1, "genaiExposure": 81, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI coding assistants reducing developer demand", "AI-optimized manufacturing process design", "Automated data interpretation and 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of structure or system and material requirements.", "Draft detailed dimensional drawings and design layouts for projects to ensure conformance to specifications.", "Confer with supervisor to determine project details such as plan preparation, acceptance testing, and evaluation of field conditions.", "Analyze proposed site factors and design maps, graphs, tracings, and diagrams to illustrate findings." ], "topSkills": [ "Computer aided design CAD software", "Map creation software", "Analytical or scientific software", "Electronic mail software", "Geographic information system" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Engineering and Technology", "Mathematics", "Building and Construction", "Design", "Administrative" ] }, { "slug": "civil-engineers", "socCode": "17-2051", "title": "Civil Engineers", "category": "engineering", "riskScore": 32, "freyOsborneProb": 0.019, "employment": 355410, "medianWage": 99590, "wage10th": 65920, "wage90th": 160990, "projectedGrowthPct": 5, "genaiExposure": 71, "topRiskFactors": [ "Large language model automation of analysis tasks", "Simulation and digital twin automation", "AI-powered research and literature review tools" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Novel engineering design for unprecedented challenges", "On-site problem-solving in variable physical conditions", "Cross-disciplinary collaboration on complex projects", "Safety-critical judgment in design review" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 84 }, { "title": "Electronics Engineers, Except Computer", "slug": "electronics-engineers-except-computer", "riskScore": 29, "medianWage": 127590, "skillsOverlap": 81 }, { "title": "Chemical Engineers", "slug": "chemical-engineers", "riskScore": 30, "medianWage": 121860, "skillsOverlap": 79 } ], "topTasks": [ "Direct engineering activities, ensuring compliance with environmental, safety, or other governmental regulations.", "Manage and direct the construction, operations, or maintenance activities at project site.", "Inspect project sites to monitor progress and ensure conformance to design specifications and safety or sanitation standards.", "Compute load and grade requirements, water flow rates, or material stress factors to determine design specifications.", "Plan and design transportation or hydraulic systems or structures, using computer-assisted design or drawing tools." ], "topSkills": [ "Document management software", "File versioning software", "Computer aided design CAD software", "Graphics or photo imaging software", "Development environment software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Engineering and Technology", "Design", "Transportation", "Building and Construction", "Mathematics" ] }, { "slug": "claims-adjusters-examiners-and-investigators", "socCode": "13-1031", "title": "Claims Adjusters, Examiners, and Investigators", "category": "business-finance", "riskScore": 70, "freyOsborneProb": 0.98, "employment": 305020, "medianWage": 76790, "wage10th": 47810, "wage90th": 112150, "projectedGrowthPct": -5.1, "genaiExposure": 87, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI-generated written content replacing manual drafting", "AI-driven fraud detection replacing manual review", "Generative AI producing marketing and creative copy", "AI-powered research and literature review tools" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Ethical judgment in fiduciary and advisory roles", "Crisis financial decision-making under uncertainty", "Stakeholder management in complex organizational settings" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 53 }, { "title": "Lawyers, Judges, and Related Workers", "slug": "lawyers-judges-and-related-workers", "riskScore": 17, "medianWage": 144040, "skillsOverlap": 51 }, { "title": "Business Operations Specialists", "slug": "business-operations-specialists", "riskScore": 28, "medianWage": 80410, "skillsOverlap": 84 } ], "topTasks": [ "Examine claims forms and other records to determine insurance coverage.", "Analyze information gathered by investigation and report findings and recommendations.", "Pay and process claims within designated authority level.", "Investigate, evaluate, and settle claims, applying technical knowledge and human relations skills to effect fair and prompt disposal of cases and to contribute to a reduced loss ratio.", "Verify and analyze data used in settling claims to ensure that claims are valid and that settlements are made according to company practices and procedures." ], "topSkills": [ "Computer aided design CAD software", "Enterprise resource planning ERP software", "Document management software", "Internet browser software", "Financial analysis software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "English Language", "Administrative", "Mathematics", "Computers and 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"first-line-supervisors-of-transportation-and-material-moving-workers-except-aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 61890, "skillsOverlap": 79 }, { "title": "Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 29, "medianWage": 63940, "skillsOverlap": 71 }, { "title": "Ambulance Drivers and Attendants, Except Emergency Medical Technicians", "slug": "ambulance-drivers-and-attendants-except-emergency-medical-technicians", "riskScore": 28, "medianWage": 34330, "skillsOverlap": 78 } ], "topTasks": [ "Rinse objects and place them on drying racks or use cloth, squeegees, or air compressors to dry surfaces.", "Apply paints, dyes, polishes, reconditioners, waxes, or masking materials to vehicles to preserve, protect, or restore color or condition.", "Clean and polish vehicle windows.", "Drive vehicles to or from workshops or customers' workplaces or homes.", "Scrub, scrape, or spray machine parts, equipment, or 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solution levels and concentrations.", "Observe machine operations, gauges, or thermometers, and adjust controls to maintain specified conditions.", "Set controls to regulate temperature and length of cycles, and start conveyors, pumps, agitators, and machines.", "Drain, clean, and refill machines or tanks at designated intervals, using cleaning solutions or water.", "Operate or tend machines to wash and remove impurities from items such as barrels or kegs, glass products, tin plate surfaces, dried fruit, pulp, animal stock, coal, manufactured articles, plastic, or rubber." ], "topSkills": [ "Spreadsheet software", "Word processing software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Production and Processing", "English Language", "Public Safety and Security", "Psychology", "Education and Training" ] }, { "slug": "clergy", "socCode": "21-2011", "title": "Clergy", "category": "community-social", "riskScore": 31, "freyOsborneProb": 0.008, "employment": 58080, "medianWage": 60820, "wage10th": 37140, 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"skillsOverlap": 81 } ], "topTasks": [ "Pray and promote spirituality.", "Prepare and deliver sermons or other talks.", "Read from sacred texts, such as the Bible, Torah, or Koran.", "Organize and lead regular religious services.", "Instruct people who seek conversion to a particular faith." ], "topSkills": [ "Electronic mail software", "Calendar and scheduling software", "Web page creation and editing software", "Instant messaging software", "Data base user interface and query software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Philosophy and Theology", "English Language", "Administration and Management", "Customer and Personal Service", "Education and Training" ] }, { "slug": "clinical-and-counseling-psychologists", "socCode": "19-3033", "title": "Clinical and Counseling Psychologists", "category": "science", "riskScore": 31, "freyOsborneProb": 0.005, "employment": 72190, "medianWage": 95830, "wage10th": 50470, "wage90th": 170150, "projectedGrowthPct": 11.2, "genaiExposure": 81, "topRiskFactors": [ "Large language model automation of analysis tasks", "AI-accelerated data analysis and pattern recognition", "AI literature review and meta-analysis automation" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Ethical oversight of research involving human subjects", "Collaborative scientific discourse and peer review", "Fieldwork in unstructured natural environments", "Interpreting ambiguous results with domain expertise" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Dentists, All Other Specialists", "slug": "dentists-all-other-specialists", "riskScore": 13, "medianWage": 225770, "skillsOverlap": 61 }, { "title": "Political Scientists", "slug": "political-scientists", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 139380, "skillsOverlap": 72 }, { "title": "Social Scientists and Related Workers", "slug": "social-scientists-and-related-workers", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 92900, "skillsOverlap": 70 } ], "topTasks": [ "Conduct assessments of patients' risk for harm to self or others.", "Document patient information including session 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"topTasks": [], "topSkills": [], "topKnowledge": [] }, { "slug": "coaches-and-scouts", "socCode": "27-2022", "title": "Coaches and Scouts", "category": "arts-media", "riskScore": 35, "freyOsborneProb": 0.013, "employment": 250940, "medianWage": 45920, "wage10th": 27490, "wage90th": 93980, "projectedGrowthPct": 6.4, "genaiExposure": 78, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI video editing and post-production automation", "AI music composition and audio production", "AI summarization replacing manual report compilation" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Live performance and audience engagement", "Original creative vision and artistic direction", "Collaborative creative ideation and brainstorming", "Emotionally resonant storytelling and narrative craft" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Artists and Related Workers, All Other", "slug": "artists-and-related-workers-all-other", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 72760, "skillsOverlap": 84 }, { "title": "Fashion Designers", "slug": "fashion-designers", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 80690, "skillsOverlap": 84 }, { "title": "Special Effects Artists and Animators", "slug": "special-effects-artists-and-animators", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 99800, "skillsOverlap": 80 } ], "topTasks": [ "Plan, organize, and conduct practice sessions.", "Provide training direction, encouragement, motivation, and nutritional advice to prepare athletes for games, competitive events, or tours.", "Adjust coaching techniques, based on the strengths and weaknesses of athletes.", "Instruct individuals or groups in sports rules, game strategies, and performance principles, such as specific ways of moving the body, hands, or feet, to achieve desired results.", "Plan strategies and choose team members for individual games or sports seasons." ], "topSkills": [ "Desktop communications software", "Object or component oriented development software", "Multi-media educational software", "Computer based training software", "Word processing software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Education and 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"riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 65 }, { "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Transportation and Material Moving Workers, Except Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-transportation-and-material-moving-workers-except-aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 61890, "skillsOverlap": 55 }, { "title": "Fabric and Apparel Patternmakers", "slug": "fabric-and-apparel-patternmakers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 67670, "skillsOverlap": 84 } ], "topTasks": [ "Dispose of hazardous waste in an appropriate manner.", "Hold or position spray guns to direct spray onto articles.", "Spray prepared surfaces with specified amounts of primers and decorative or finish coatings.", "Monitor painting operations to identify flaws, such as blisters or streaks, and correct their causes.", "Disassemble, clean, and reassemble sprayers or power equipment, using solvents, wire brushes, and cloths." ], "topSkills": [ "Inventory 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"Cut, strip, and bend wire leads at ends of coils, using pliers and wire scrapers.", "Review work orders and specifications to determine materials needed and types of parts to be processed.", "Select and load materials such as workpieces, objects, and machine parts onto equipment used in coiling processes." ], "topSkills": [ "Graphics or photo imaging software", "Analytical or scientific software", "Industrial control software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Education and Training", "English Language", "Mathematics", "Administration and Management", "Production and Processing" ] }, { "slug": "coin-vending-and-amusement-machine-servicers-and-repairers", "socCode": "49-9091", "title": "Coin, Vending, and Amusement Machine Servicers and Repairers", "category": "repair", "riskScore": 62, "freyOsborneProb": 0.94, "employment": 28260, "medianWage": 47350, "wage10th": 31420, "wage90th": 64720, "projectedGrowthPct": -2.9, "genaiExposure": 44, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI parts inventory and supply chain 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determine causes of malfunctions and fix minor problems such as jammed bills or stuck products.", "Test machines to determine proper functioning.", "Replace malfunctioning parts, such as worn magnetic heads on automatic teller machine (ATM) card readers.", "Maintain records of machine maintenance and repair." ], "topSkills": [ "Electronic mail software", "Inventory management software", "Spreadsheet software", "Presentation software", "Word processing software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Computers and Electronics", "Mechanical", "Customer and Personal Service", "English Language", "Engineering and Technology" ] }, { "slug": "commercial-and-industrial-designers", "socCode": "27-1021", "title": "Commercial and Industrial Designers", "category": "arts-media", "riskScore": 38, "freyOsborneProb": 0.037, "employment": 30250, "medianWage": 79450, "wage10th": 49390, "wage90th": 134840, "projectedGrowthPct": 3.2, "genaiExposure": 83, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI music composition and audio production", "Large language model automation of analysis tasks", "AI copywriting tools reducing editorial demand" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Original creative vision and artistic direction", "Live performance and audience engagement", "Emotionally resonant storytelling and narrative craft", "Collaborative creative ideation and brainstorming" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Fashion Designers", "slug": "fashion-designers", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 80690, "skillsOverlap": 75 }, { "title": "Special Effects Artists and Animators", "slug": "special-effects-artists-and-animators", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 99800, "skillsOverlap": 71 }, { "title": "Artists and Related Workers, All Other", "slug": "artists-and-related-workers-all-other", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 72760, "skillsOverlap": 80 } ], "topTasks": [ "Prepare sketches of ideas, detailed drawings, illustrations, artwork, or blueprints, using drafting instruments, paints and brushes, or computer-aided design equipment.", "Modify and refine designs, using working models, to conform with customer specifications, production limitations, or changes in design trends.", "Evaluate feasibility of design ideas, based on factors such as appearance, safety, function, serviceability, budget, production costs/methods, and market characteristics.", "Confer with engineering, marketing, production, or sales departments, or with customers, to establish and evaluate design concepts for manufactured products.", "Present designs and reports to customers or design committees for approval and discuss need for modification." ], "topSkills": [ "Computer aided manufacturing CAM software", "Document management software", "Video creation and editing software", "Graphics or photo imaging software", "Desktop publishing software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Design", "Engineering and Technology", "Production and Processing", "Mechanical", "Computers and Electronics" ] }, { "slug": "commercial-divers", "socCode": "49-9092", "title": "Commercial 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Workers", "slug": "supervisors-of-installation-maintenance-and-repair-workers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 78300, "skillsOverlap": 83 } ], "topTasks": [ "Take appropriate safety precautions, such as monitoring dive lengths and depths and registering with authorities before diving expeditions begin.", "Check and maintain diving equipment, such as helmets, masks, air tanks, harnesses, or gauges.", "Communicate with workers on the surface while underwater, using signal lines or telephones.", "Descend into water with the aid of diver helpers, using scuba gear or diving suits.", "Obtain information about diving tasks and environmental conditions." ], "topSkills": [ "Data base user interface and query software", "Analytical or scientific software", "Internet browser software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Mechanical", "Building and Construction", "Physics", "Customer and Personal Service", "Mathematics" ] }, { "slug": "commercial-pilots", "socCode": "53-2012", "title": "Commercial Pilots", "category": "transportation", "riskScore": 50, "freyOsborneProb": 0.55, "employment": 51830, "medianWage": 122670, "wage10th": 59330, "wage90th": 0, "projectedGrowthPct": 5.1, "genaiExposure": 70, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI-generated written content replacing manual drafting", "Drone delivery displacing last-mile logistics workers", "Automated data interpretation and insight generation", "Automated warehouse sorting and loading systems" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Emergency situation response and quick decision-making", "Customer interaction and conflict resolution during delivery", "Navigating complex urban environments with obstacles", "Navigating unpredictable road and weather conditions" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Transportation and Material Moving Workers, Except Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-transportation-and-material-moving-workers-except-aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 61890, "skillsOverlap": 75 }, { "title": "Air Transportation Workers", "slug": "air-transportation-workers", "riskScore": 31, "medianWage": 106500, "skillsOverlap": 73 }, { "title": "Airline Pilots, Copilots, and Flight Engineers", "slug": "airline-pilots-copilots-and-flight-engineers", "riskScore": 37, "medianWage": 226600, "skillsOverlap": 71 } ], "topTasks": [ "Check aircraft prior to flights to ensure that the engines, controls, instruments, and other systems are functioning properly.", "Co-pilot aircraft or perform captain's duties, as required.", "Consider airport altitudes, outside temperatures, plane weights, and wind speeds and directions to calculate the speed needed to become airborne.", "Use instrumentation to pilot aircraft when visibility is poor.", "Monitor engine operation, fuel consumption, and functioning of aircraft systems during flights." ], "topSkills": [ "Graphics or photo imaging software", "Charting software", "Information retrieval or search software", "Project management software", "Data base user interface and query software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "English Language", "Transportation", "Geography", "Public Safety and Security" ] }, { "slug": "communications-equipment-operators", "socCode": "43-2000", "title": "Communications Equipment Operators", "category": "office-admin", "riskScore": 57, "freyOsborneProb": 0.4, "employment": 41070, "medianWage": 38600, "wage10th": 29990, "wage90th": 61580, "projectedGrowthPct": -25.4, "genaiExposure": 35, "topRiskFactors": [ "Robotic process automation of data entry workflows", "AI scheduling and calendar management assistants", "Smart form extraction replacing manual data processing", "Automated invoice and expense processing" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Exercising discretion in ambiguous administrative decisions", "Coordinating complex multi-party events and logistics", "Handling confidential and politically sensitive information", "Building trust-based relationships 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17, "medianWage": 144040, "skillsOverlap": 63 } ], "topTasks": [], "topSkills": [], "topKnowledge": [] }, { "slug": "communications-teachers-postsecondary", "socCode": "25-1122", "title": "Communications Teachers, Postsecondary", "category": "education", "riskScore": 54, "freyOsborneProb": 0.4, "employment": 29260, "medianWage": 77800, "wage10th": 47100, "wage90th": 160210, "projectedGrowthPct": 2.1, "genaiExposure": 95, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI-generated written content replacing manual drafting", "AI summarization replacing manual report compilation", "AI-powered research and literature review tools", "Automated grading and assessment tools" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Managing classroom dynamics and student behavior", "Adapting instruction to individual learning needs in real-time", "Mentoring students through personal and academic challenges", "Inspiring and motivating students through personal connection" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Dentists, All Other Specialists", "slug": 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in the language of a machine's controller and store programs on media, such as punch tapes, magnetic tapes, or disks.", "Determine the sequence of machine operations, and select the proper cutting tools needed to machine workpieces into the desired shapes.", "Revise programs or tapes to eliminate errors, and retest programs to check that problems have been solved.", "Analyze job orders, drawings, blueprints, specifications, printed circuit board pattern films, and design data to calculate dimensions, tool selection, machine speeds, and feed rates.", "Write instruction sheets and cutter lists for a machine's controller to guide setup and encode numerical control tapes." ], "topSkills": [ "Computer aided manufacturing CAM software", "Enterprise resource planning ERP software", "Computer aided design CAD software", "Enterprise application integration software", "Video conferencing software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Computers and Electronics", "Mechanical", "Mathematics", "Production and 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"advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 65 }, { "title": "Mathematicians", "slug": "mathematicians", "riskScore": 24, "medianWage": 121680, "skillsOverlap": 79 }, { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 57 } ], "topTasks": [], "topSkills": [], "topKnowledge": [] }, { "slug": "computer-occupations-all-other", "socCode": "15-1299", "title": "Computer Occupations, All Other", "category": "technology", "riskScore": 40, "freyOsborneProb": 0.22, "employment": 439380, "medianWage": 108970, "wage10th": 52650, "wage90th": 176800, "projectedGrowthPct": 8.2, "genaiExposure": 79, "topRiskFactors": [ "Generative AI producing marketing and creative copy", "Cloud automation reducing infrastructure management roles", "Low-code / no-code platforms reducing custom development" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Architecting novel systems requiring creative problem-solving", "Stakeholder negotiation and requirements elicitation", "Ethical AI oversight and bias auditing", "Crisis debugging of complex production incidents" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 53 }, { "title": "Mathematicians", "slug": "mathematicians", "riskScore": 24, "medianWage": 121680, "skillsOverlap": 77 }, { "title": "Computer and Information Research Scientists", "slug": "computer-and-information-research-scientists", "riskScore": 30, "medianWage": 140910, "skillsOverlap": 80 } ], "topTasks": [ "Monitor systems for intrusions or denial of service attacks, and report security breaches to appropriate personnel.", "Identify or document backup or recovery plans.", "Back up or modify applications and related data to provide for disaster recovery.", "Correct testing-identified problems, or recommend actions for their resolution.", "Identify, standardize, and communicate levels of access and security." ], "topSkills": [ "Document management software", "Development environment software", "Web platform development software", "Graphics or photo imaging software", "Video creation and editing software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Computers and Electronics", "Geography", "English Language", "Customer and Personal Service", "Communications and Media" ] }, { "slug": "computer-programmers", "socCode": "15-1251", "title": "Computer Programmers", "category": "technology", "riskScore": 53, "freyOsborneProb": 0.48, "employment": 109870, "medianWage": 98670, "wage10th": 52190, "wage90th": 162090, "projectedGrowthPct": -6, "genaiExposure": 72, "topRiskFactors": [ "Automated testing and CI/CD pipeline intelligence", "Chatbot displacement of customer-facing interactions", "AI coding assistants reducing developer demand", "AI-driven cybersecurity threat detection 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the program to ensure that the desired results are produced.", "Perform or direct revision, repair, or expansion of existing programs to increase operating efficiency or adapt to new requirements.", "Write, update, and maintain computer programs or software packages to handle specific jobs such as tracking inventory, storing or retrieving data, or controlling other equipment.", "Consult with managerial, engineering, and technical personnel to clarify program intent, identify problems, and suggest changes." ], "topSkills": [ "Development environment software", "Object or component oriented development software", "Document management software", "Web platform development software", "Web page creation and editing software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Computers and Electronics", "Mathematics", "Engineering and Technology", "English Language", "Customer and Personal Service" ] }, { "slug": "computer-science-teachers-postsecondary", "socCode": "25-1021", "title": "Computer Science Teachers, 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"advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 69 }, { "title": "Postsecondary Teachers", "slug": "postsecondary-teachers", "riskScore": 22, "medianWage": 81600, "skillsOverlap": 72 } ], "topTasks": [ "Prepare course materials, such as syllabi, homework assignments, and handouts.", "Compile, administer, and grade examinations or assign this work to others.", "Prepare and deliver lectures to undergraduate or graduate students on topics such as programming, data structures, and software design.", "Evaluate and grade students' class work, laboratory work, assignments, and papers.", "Maintain student attendance records, grades, and other required records." ], "topSkills": [ "Web page creation and editing software", "Graphics or photo imaging software", "Video creation and editing software", "Computer based training software", "Data base user interface and query software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Computers and 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"advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 53 }, { "title": "Mathematicians", "slug": "mathematicians", "riskScore": 24, "medianWage": 121680, "skillsOverlap": 72 }, { "title": "Computer Occupations", "slug": "computer-occupations", "riskScore": 26, "medianWage": 105990, "skillsOverlap": 83 } ], "topTasks": [ "Troubleshoot program and system malfunctions to restore normal functioning.", "Provide staff and users with assistance solving computer-related problems, such as malfunctions and program problems.", "Test, maintain, and monitor computer programs and systems, including coordinating the installation of computer programs and systems.", "Use the computer in the analysis and solution of business problems, such as development of integrated production and inventory control and cost analysis systems.", "Coordinate and link the computer systems within an organization to increase compatibility so that 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after making repairs or replacing parts.", "Converse with customers to determine details of equipment problems.", "Disassemble machines to examine parts, such as wires, gears, or bearings for wear or defects, using hand or power tools and measuring devices.", "Advise customers concerning equipment operation, maintenance, or programming.", "Align, adjust, or calibrate equipment according to specifications." ], "topSkills": [ "Document management software", "Helpdesk or call center software", "Network security or virtual private network VPN management software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Program testing software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Computers and Electronics", "Customer and Personal Service", "Mechanical", "Engineering and Technology", "English Language" ] }, { "slug": "concierges", "socCode": "39-6012", "title": "Concierges", "category": "personal-care", "riskScore": 29, "freyOsborneProb": 0.21, "employment": 44200, "medianWage": 37320, "wage10th": 30770, "wage90th": 58050, "projectedGrowthPct": 2.3, "genaiExposure": 53, "topRiskFactors": [ "Virtual try-on technology reducing in-person consultations", "Robotic massage and physical therapy devices", "AI fitness coaching apps displacing personal trainers" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Adapting techniques to individual body types and preferences", "Building trust and rapport with repeat clients", "Creative aesthetic judgment for individual clients", "Emotional support and active listening during sessions", "Personalized hands-on service requiring tactile skill" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Social Workers, All Other", "slug": "social-workers-all-other", "riskScore": 22, "medianWage": 69480, "skillsOverlap": 59 }, { "title": "Occupational Therapy and Physical Therapist Assistants and Aides", "slug": "occupational-therapy-and-physical-therapist-assistants-and-aides", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 61730, "skillsOverlap": 57 }, { "title": "Substance Abuse, Behavioral Disorder, and Mental Health Counselors", "slug": "substance-abuse-behavioral-disorder-and-mental-health-counselors", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 59190, "skillsOverlap": 57 } ], "topTasks": [ "Provide directions to guests.", "Make reservations for patrons, such as for dinner, spa treatments, or golf tee times, and obtain tickets to special events.", "Provide information about local features, such as shopping, dining, nightlife, or recreational destinations.", "Make travel arrangements for sightseeing or other tours.", "Provide business services for guests, such as sending or receiving faxes or shipping packages." ], "topSkills": [ "Accounting software", "Financial analysis software", "Map creation software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "English Language", "Administrative", "Administration and Management", "Computers and Electronics" ] }, { "slug": "conservation-scientists", "socCode": "19-1031", "title": "Conservation Scientists", "category": "science", "riskScore": 36, "freyOsborneProb": 0.016, "employment": 25590, "medianWage": 67950, "wage10th": 45260, "wage90th": 107720, "projectedGrowthPct": 3.4, "genaiExposure": 75, "topRiskFactors": [ "Robotic sample preparation and experimentation", "AI literature review and meta-analysis automation", "Machine learning models replacing manual hypothesis testing" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Fieldwork in unstructured natural environments", "Interpreting ambiguous results with domain expertise", "Ethical oversight of research involving human subjects", "Collaborative scientific discourse and peer review" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Social Scientists and Related Workers", "slug": "social-scientists-and-related-workers", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 92900, "skillsOverlap": 75 }, { "title": "Political Scientists", "slug": "political-scientists", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 139380, "skillsOverlap": 82 }, { "title": "Occupational Health and Safety Specialists and Technicians", "slug": "occupational-health-and-safety-specialists-and-technicians", "riskScore": 26, "medianWage": 78900, "skillsOverlap": 80 } ], "topTasks": [ "Apply principles of specialized fields of science, such as agronomy, soil science, forestry, or agriculture, to achieve conservation objectives.", "Plan soil management or conservation practices, such as crop rotation, reforestation, permanent vegetation, contour plowing, or terracing, to maintain soil or conserve water.", "Monitor projects during or after construction to ensure projects conform to design specifications.", "Advise land users, such as farmers or ranchers, on plans, problems, or alternative conservation solutions.", "Implement soil or water management techniques, such as nutrient management, erosion control, buffers, or filter strips, in accordance with conservation plans." ], "topSkills": [ "Document management software", "Computer aided design CAD software", "Graphics or photo imaging software", "Analytical or scientific software", "Data base user interface and query software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "English Language", "Education and Training", "Biology", "Mathematics" ] }, { "slug": "construction-and-building-inspectors", "socCode": "47-4011", "title": "Construction and Building Inspectors", "category": "construction", "riskScore": 56, "freyOsborneProb": 0.63, "employment": 137210, "medianWage": 72120, "wage10th": 46560, "wage90th": 112320, "projectedGrowthPct": -0.8, "genaiExposure": 62, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI-generated written content replacing manual drafting", "Chatbot displacement of customer-facing interactions", "Generative AI producing marketing and creative copy", "AI project scheduling and resource optimization" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Navigating unpredictable and unstructured job sites", "Physical work in confined or elevated spaces", "Adapting to unique building configurations on-site", "Client-facing consultation on custom project needs" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 57 }, { "title": "Supervisors of Construction and Extraction Workers", "slug": "supervisors-of-construction-and-extraction-workers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 78690, "skillsOverlap": 76 }, { "title": "Electrical Power-Line Installers and Repairers", "slug": "electrical-power-line-installers-and-repairers", "riskScore": 28, "medianWage": 92560, "skillsOverlap": 61 } ], "topTasks": [ "Approve building plans that meet required specifications.", "Review and interpret plans, blueprints, site layouts, specifications, or construction methods to ensure compliance to legal requirements and safety regulations.", "Issue permits for construction, relocation, demolition, or occupancy.", "Inspect bridges, dams, highways, buildings, wiring, plumbing, electrical circuits, sewers, heating systems, or foundations during and after construction for structural quality, general safety, or conformance to specifications and codes.", "Monitor installation of plumbing, wiring, equipment, or appliances to ensure that installation is performed properly and is in compliance with applicable regulations." ], "topSkills": [ "Computer aided design CAD software", "Compliance software", "Calendar and scheduling software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Electronic mail software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Building and Construction", "Customer and Personal Service", "Public Safety and Security", "Mathematics", "English Language" ] }, { "slug": "construction-laborers", "socCode": "47-2061", "title": "Construction Laborers", "category": "construction", "riskScore": 59, "freyOsborneProb": 0.88, "employment": 1057660, "medianWage": 46730, "wage10th": 34200, "wage90th": 77530, "projectedGrowthPct": 7.3, "genaiExposure": 34, "topRiskFactors": [ "Robotic bricklaying and prefabrication automation", "Autonomous heavy equipment operation", "3D printing of building components", "Drone-based site surveying and inspection" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Fine motor craftsmanship in custom installations", "Adapting to unique building configurations on-site", "Real-time safety judgment in hazardous conditions", "Physical work in confined or elevated spaces" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 63 }, { "title": "Extraction Workers", "slug": "extraction-workers", "riskScore": 29, "medianWage": 56020, "skillsOverlap": 75 }, { "title": "Electricians", "slug": "electricians", "riskScore": 32, "medianWage": 62350, "skillsOverlap": 84 } ], "topTasks": [ "Tend pumps, compressors, or generators to provide power for tools, machinery, or equipment or to heat or move materials, such as asphalt.", "Lubricate, clean, or repair machinery, equipment, or tools.", "Signal equipment operators to facilitate alignment, movement, or adjustment of machinery, equipment, or materials.", "Read plans, instructions, or specifications to determine work activities.", "Measure, mark, or record openings or distances to layout areas where construction work will be performed." ], "topSkills": [ "Computer aided design CAD software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software", "Electronic mail software", "Operating system software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Building and Construction", "Public Safety and Security", "Mechanical", "Customer and Personal Service", "Education and Training" ] }, { "slug": "construction-managers", "socCode": "11-9021", "title": "Construction Managers", "category": "management", "riskScore": 31, "freyOsborneProb": 0.071, "employment": 348330, "medianWage": 106980, "wage10th": 65160, "wage90th": 176990, "projectedGrowthPct": 8.7, "genaiExposure": 81, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI strategic decision-support dashboards", "Generative AI producing marketing and creative copy", "Automated performance analytics and reporting" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Strategic vision-setting in uncertain markets", "Building organizational culture and employee engagement", "Navigating complex interpersonal and political dynamics", "Conflict resolution and mediation across departments" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 75 }, { "title": "Architectural and Engineering Managers", "slug": "architectural-and-engineering-managers", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 167740, "skillsOverlap": 76 }, { "title": "Fundraising Managers", "slug": "fundraising-managers", "riskScore": 24, "medianWage": 123480, "skillsOverlap": 74 } ], "topTasks": [ "Plan, schedule, or coordinate construction project activities to meet deadlines.", "Prepare and submit budget estimates, progress reports, or cost tracking reports.", "Interpret and explain plans and contract terms to representatives of the owner or developer, including administrative staff, workers, or clients.", "Direct and supervise construction or related workers.", "Prepare contracts or negotiate revisions to contractual agreements with architects, consultants, clients, suppliers, or subcontractors." ], "topSkills": [ "Word processing software", "Document management software", "Graphics or photo imaging software", "Calendar and scheduling software", "Analytical or scientific software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Building and Construction", "Administration and Management", "Engineering and Technology", "English Language", "Customer and Personal Service" ] }, { "slug": "construction-trades-workers", "socCode": "47-2000", "title": "Construction Trades Workers", "category": "construction", "riskScore": 35, "freyOsborneProb": 0.4, "employment": 4691890, "medianWage": 56490, "wage10th": 37260, "wage90th": 96650, "projectedGrowthPct": 5.8, "genaiExposure": 35, "topRiskFactors": [ "Drone-based site surveying and inspection", "Robotic bricklaying and prefabrication automation", "3D printing of building components" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Navigating unpredictable and unstructured job sites", "Fine motor craftsmanship in custom installations", "Physical work in confined or elevated spaces", "Real-time safety judgment in hazardous conditions" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 55 }, { "title": "Electricians", "slug": "electricians", "riskScore": 32, "medianWage": 62350, "skillsOverlap": 81 }, { "title": "Supervisors of Construction and Extraction Workers", "slug": "supervisors-of-construction-and-extraction-workers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 78690, "skillsOverlap": 79 } ], "topTasks": [], "topSkills": [], "topKnowledge": [] }, { "slug": "continuous-mining-machine-operators", "socCode": "47-5041", "title": "Continuous Mining Machine Operators", "category": "construction", "riskScore": 43, "freyOsborneProb": 0.54, "employment": 14340, "medianWage": 63380, "wage10th": 41450, "wage90th": 84420, "projectedGrowthPct": 0.6, "genaiExposure": 10, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI project scheduling and resource optimization", "Autonomous heavy equipment operation", "3D printing of building components", "Drone-based site surveying and inspection" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Fine motor craftsmanship in custom installations", "Real-time safety judgment in hazardous conditions", "Adapting to unique building configurations on-site", "Navigating unpredictable and unstructured job sites" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 51 }, { "title": "Supervisors of Construction and Extraction Workers", "slug": "supervisors-of-construction-and-extraction-workers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 78690, "skillsOverlap": 80 }, { "title": "Extraction Workers", "slug": "extraction-workers", "riskScore": 29, "medianWage": 56020, "skillsOverlap": 78 } ], "topTasks": [ "Hang ventilation tubing and ventilation curtains to ensure that the mining face area is kept properly ventilated.", "Conduct methane gas checks to ensure breathing quality of air.", "Check the stability of roof and rib support systems before mining face areas.", "Operate mining machines to gather coal and convey it to floors or shuttle cars.", "Drive machines into position at working faces." ], "topSkills": [ "Mobile location based services software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software", "Presentation software", "Word processing software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Mechanical", "Production and Processing", "Law and Government", "Education and Training", "English Language" ] }, { "slug": "control-and-valve-installers-and-repairers-except-mechanical-door", "socCode": "49-9012", "title": "Control and Valve Installers and Repairers, Except Mechanical Door", "category": "repair", "riskScore": 53, "freyOsborneProb": 0.63, "employment": 46920, "medianWage": 74690, "wage10th": 43840, "wage90th": 109050, "projectedGrowthPct": 1.3, "genaiExposure": 53, "topRiskFactors": [ "Predictive maintenance AI reducing reactive repair needs", "Automated fault detection via IoT sensor networks", "Robotic inspection of hard-to-reach equipment", "AI parts inventory and supply chain optimization" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Hands-on fine motor work in intricate machinery", "Diagnosing novel equipment failures through physical inspection", "Working in confined, elevated, or hazardous spaces", "Adapting repairs to non-standard or legacy equipment" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 51 }, { "title": "Electrical Power-Line Installers and Repairers", "slug": "electrical-power-line-installers-and-repairers", "riskScore": 28, "medianWage": 92560, "skillsOverlap": 80 }, { "title": "Supervisors of Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Workers", "slug": "supervisors-of-installation-maintenance-and-repair-workers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 78300, "skillsOverlap": 70 } ], "topTasks": [ "Record maintenance information, including test results, material usage, and repairs made.", "Disassemble and repair mechanical control devices or valves, such as regulators, thermostats, or hydrants, using power tools, hand tools, and cutting torches.", "Lubricate wearing surfaces of mechanical parts, using oils or other lubricants.", "Calibrate instrumentation, such as meters, gauges, and regulators, for pressure, temperature, flow, and level.", "Install, inspect and test electric meters, relays, and power sources to detect causes of malfunctions and inaccuracies, using hand tools and testing equipment." ], "topSkills": [ "Computer aided design CAD software", "Analytical or scientific software", "Graphical user interface development software", "Enterprise resource planning ERP software", "Development environment software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Mechanical", "Engineering and Technology", "Public Safety and Security", "Customer and Personal Service", "Computers and Electronics" ] }, { "slug": "conveyor-operators-and-tenders", "socCode": "53-7011", "title": "Conveyor Operators and Tenders", "category": "transportation", "riskScore": 67, "freyOsborneProb": 0.93, "employment": 26060, "medianWage": 41230, "wage10th": 34940, "wage90th": 60390, "projectedGrowthPct": -3.4, "genaiExposure": 48, "topRiskFactors": [ "Autonomous vehicle and self-driving truck technology", "Automated warehouse sorting and loading systems", "AI route optimization reducing dispatcher roles", "Drone delivery displacing last-mile logistics workers" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Navigating complex urban environments with obstacles", "Emergency situation response and quick decision-making", "Manual loading of irregular and fragile cargo" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Transportation and Material Moving Workers, Except Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-transportation-and-material-moving-workers-except-aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 61890, "skillsOverlap": 84 }, { "title": "Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 29, "medianWage": 63940, "skillsOverlap": 76 }, { "title": "Air Transportation Workers", "slug": "air-transportation-workers", "riskScore": 31, "medianWage": 106500, "skillsOverlap": 72 } ], "topTasks": [ "Inform supervisors of equipment malfunctions that need to be addressed.", "Observe conveyor operations and monitor lights, dials, and gauges to maintain specified operating levels and to detect equipment malfunctions.", "Record production data such as weights, types, quantities, and storage locations of materials, as well as equipment performance problems and downtime.", "Load, unload, or adjust materials or products on conveyors by hand, by using lifts, hoists, and scoops, or by opening gates, chutes, or hoppers.", "Stop equipment or machinery and clear jams, using poles, bars, and hand tools, or remove damaged materials from conveyors." ], "topSkills": [ "Industrial control software", "Materials requirements planning logistics and supply chain software", "Spreadsheet software", "Operating system software", "Enterprise resource planning ERP software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "English Language", "Mechanical", "Public Safety and Security", "Production and Processing", "Transportation" ] }, { "slug": "cooks-and-food-preparation-workers", "socCode": "35-2000", "title": "Cooks and Food Preparation Workers", "category": "food-service", "riskScore": 51, "freyOsborneProb": 0.87, "employment": 3632290, "medianWage": 35450, "wage10th": 24490, "wage90th": 46250, "projectedGrowthPct": 2.7, "genaiExposure": 35, "topRiskFactors": [ "Automated dishwashing and kitchen cleaning systems", "AI inventory management and waste reduction", "Robotic food delivery within establishments", "Automated food preparation and cooking robotics" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Creative menu development and flavor innovation", "Hospitality and personalized guest experiences", "Food presentation requiring artistic and tactile skill", "Managing chaotic high-volume service environments" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Education Administrators, All Other", "slug": "education-administrators-all-other", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 89040, "skillsOverlap": 65 }, { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 60 }, { "title": "Tour and Travel Guides", "slug": "tour-and-travel-guides", "riskScore": 27, "medianWage": 36660, "skillsOverlap": 53 } ], "topTasks": [], "topSkills": [], "topKnowledge": [] }, { "slug": "cooks-all-other", "socCode": "35-2019", "title": "Cooks, All Other", "category": "food-service", "riskScore": 50, "freyOsborneProb": 0.83, "employment": 23590, "medianWage": 36210, "wage10th": 26430, "wage90th": 49600, "projectedGrowthPct": 5.5, "genaiExposure": 35, "topRiskFactors": [ "Robotic food delivery within establishments", "Self-ordering kiosks and mobile app displacement", "Automated dishwashing and kitchen cleaning systems", "Automated food preparation and cooking robotics" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Managing chaotic high-volume service environments", "Food presentation requiring artistic and tactile skill", "Hospitality and personalized guest experiences", "Adapting to real-time dietary and allergy requests" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Education Administrators, All Other", "slug": "education-administrators-all-other", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 89040, "skillsOverlap": 63 }, { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 58 }, { "title": "Tour and Travel Guides", "slug": "tour-and-travel-guides", "riskScore": 27, "medianWage": 36660, "skillsOverlap": 51 } ], "topTasks": [], "topSkills": [], "topKnowledge": [] }, { "slug": "cooks-fast-food", "socCode": "35-2011", "title": "Cooks, Fast Food", "category": "food-service", "riskScore": 69, "freyOsborneProb": 0.81, "employment": 668230, "medianWage": 30160, "wage10th": 22370, "wage90th": 38980, "projectedGrowthPct": -13.5, "genaiExposure": 31, "topRiskFactors": [ "Self-ordering kiosks and mobile app displacement", "Robotic food delivery within establishments", "Automated dishwashing and kitchen cleaning systems", "Automated food preparation and cooking robotics" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Hospitality and personalized guest experiences", "Adapting to real-time dietary and allergy requests", "Food presentation requiring artistic and tactile skill" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Education Administrators, All Other", "slug": "education-administrators-all-other", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 89040, "skillsOverlap": 61 }, { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 56 }, { "title": "Tour and Travel Guides", "slug": "tour-and-travel-guides", "riskScore": 27, "medianWage": 36660, "skillsOverlap": 69 } ], "topTasks": [ "Order and take delivery of supplies.", "Cook the exact number of items ordered by each customer, working on several different orders simultaneously.", "Prepare specialty foods, such as pizzas, fish and chips, sandwiches, or tacos, following specific methods that usually require short preparation time.", "Operate large-volume cooking equipment, such as grills, deep-fat fryers, or griddles.", "Wash, cut, and prepare foods designated for cooking." ], "topSkills": [ "Point of sale POS software", "Spreadsheet software", "Electronic mail software", "Word processing software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Administration and Management", "Transportation", "Communications and Media", "Customer and Personal Service", "Public Safety and Security" ] }, { "slug": "cooks-institution-and-cafeteria", "socCode": "35-2012", "title": "Cooks, Institution and Cafeteria", "category": "food-service", "riskScore": 59, "freyOsborneProb": 0.83, "employment": 448260, "medianWage": 36450, "wage10th": 26800, "wage90th": 48320, "projectedGrowthPct": 2, "genaiExposure": 38, "topRiskFactors": [ "Automated food preparation and cooking robotics", "Self-ordering kiosks and mobile app displacement", "Robotic food delivery within establishments", "AI inventory management and waste reduction" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Creative menu development and flavor innovation", "Food presentation requiring artistic and tactile skill", "Managing chaotic high-volume service environments", "Adapting to real-time dietary and allergy requests" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Education Administrators, All Other", "slug": "education-administrators-all-other", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 89040, "skillsOverlap": 61 }, { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 56 }, { "title": "Tour and Travel Guides", "slug": "tour-and-travel-guides", "riskScore": 27, "medianWage": 36660, "skillsOverlap": 69 } ], "topTasks": [ "Monitor and record food temperatures to ensure food safety.", "Cook foodstuffs according to menus, special dietary or nutritional restrictions, or numbers of portions to be served.", "Rotate and store food supplies.", "Wash pots, pans, dishes, utensils, or other cooking equipment.", "Apportion and serve food to facility residents, employees, or patrons." ], "topSkills": [ "Analytical or scientific software", "Spreadsheet software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Word processing software", "Point of sale POS software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "English Language", "Food Production", "Customer and Personal Service", "Mathematics", "Administration and Management" ] }, { "slug": "cooks-private-household", "socCode": "35-2013", "title": "Cooks, Private Household", "category": "food-service", "riskScore": 44, "freyOsborneProb": 0.3, "employment": 900, "medianWage": 44530, "wage10th": 38240, "wage90th": 92480, "projectedGrowthPct": 5.1, "genaiExposure": 44, "topRiskFactors": [ "Automated dishwashing and kitchen cleaning systems", "Robotic food delivery within establishments", "AI inventory management and waste reduction", "Self-ordering kiosks and mobile app displacement" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Adapting to real-time dietary and allergy requests", "Food presentation requiring artistic and tactile skill", "Managing chaotic high-volume service environments", "Hospitality and personalized guest experiences" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Education Administrators, All Other", "slug": "education-administrators-all-other", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 89040, "skillsOverlap": 51 }, { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 66 }, { "title": "Fundraising Managers", "slug": "fundraising-managers", "riskScore": 24, "medianWage": 123480, "skillsOverlap": 65 } ], "topTasks": [ "Peel, wash, trim, and cook vegetables and meats, and bake breads and pastries.", "Cool, package, label, and freeze foods for later consumption and provide instructions for reheating.", "Plan menus according to employers' needs and diet restrictions.", "Shop for or order food and kitchen supplies and equipment.", "Prepare meals in private homes according to employers' recipes or tastes, handling all meals for the family and possibly for other household staff." ], "topSkills": [ "Data base user interface and query software", "Accounting software", "Electronic mail software", "Inventory management software", "Internet browser software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "Food Production", "Sales and Marketing", "Administration and Management", "Production and Processing" ] }, { "slug": "cooks-restaurant", "socCode": "35-2014", "title": "Cooks, Restaurant", "category": "food-service", "riskScore": 62, "freyOsborneProb": 0.96, "employment": 1452130, "medianWage": 36830, "wage10th": 28010, "wage90th": 47340, "projectedGrowthPct": 14.9, "genaiExposure": 44, "topRiskFactors": [ "Automated food preparation and cooking robotics", "Self-ordering kiosks and mobile app displacement", "AI inventory management and waste reduction", "Robotic food delivery within establishments" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Food presentation requiring artistic and tactile skill", "Managing chaotic high-volume service environments", "Creative menu development and flavor innovation" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Education Administrators, All Other", "slug": "education-administrators-all-other", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 89040, "skillsOverlap": 67 }, { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 62 }, { "title": "Concierges", "slug": "concierges", "riskScore": 29, "medianWage": 37320, "skillsOverlap": 51 } ], "topTasks": [ "Inspect and clean food preparation areas, such as equipment, work surfaces, and serving areas, to ensure safe and sanitary food-handling practices.", "Ensure freshness of food and ingredients by checking for quality, keeping track of old and new items, and rotating stock.", "Ensure food is stored and cooked at correct temperature by regulating temperature of ovens, broilers, grills, and roasters.", "Season and cook food according to recipes or personal judgment and experience.", "Turn or stir foods to ensure even cooking." ], "topSkills": [ "Web page creation and editing software", "Compliance software", "Inventory management software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Spreadsheet software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Food Production", "Customer and Personal Service", "English Language", "Production and Processing", "Administration and Management" ] }, { "slug": "cooks-short-order", "socCode": "35-2015", "title": "Cooks, Short Order", "category": "food-service", "riskScore": 71, "freyOsborneProb": 0.94, "employment": 150420, "medianWage": 35620, "wage10th": 23770, "wage90th": 46010, "projectedGrowthPct": -5.6, "genaiExposure": 53, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI inventory management and waste reduction", "Self-ordering kiosks and mobile app displacement", "Automated dishwashing and kitchen cleaning systems", "Robotic food delivery within establishments", "Automated food preparation and cooking robotics" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Hospitality and personalized guest experiences", "Food presentation requiring artistic and tactile skill", "Creative menu development and flavor innovation" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Education Administrators, All Other", "slug": "education-administrators-all-other", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 89040, "skillsOverlap": 65 }, { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 60 }, { "title": "Tour and Travel Guides", "slug": "tour-and-travel-guides", "riskScore": 27, "medianWage": 36660, "skillsOverlap": 53 } ], "topTasks": [ "Clean food preparation equipment, work areas, and counters or tables.", "Perform food preparation tasks, such as making sandwiches, carving meats, making soups or salads, baking breads or desserts, and brewing coffee or tea.", "Perform general cleaning activities in kitchen and dining areas.", "Restock kitchen supplies, rotate food, and stamp the time and date on food in coolers.", "Grill, cook, and fry foods such as french fries, eggs, and pancakes." ], "topSkills": [ "Point of sale POS software", "Inventory management software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "Food Production", "Production and Processing", "English Language", "Mathematics" ] }, { "slug": "cooling-and-freezing-equipment-operators-and-tenders", "socCode": "51-9193", "title": "Cooling and Freezing Equipment Operators and Tenders", "category": "production", "riskScore": 68, "freyOsborneProb": 0.93, "employment": 6590, "medianWage": 40160, "wage10th": 33710, "wage90th": 62760, "projectedGrowthPct": 7.2, "genaiExposure": 67, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI quality inspection via computer vision systems", "Automated data interpretation and insight generation", "Chatbot displacement of customer-facing interactions", "Predictive maintenance reducing manual inspection roles" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Troubleshooting complex equipment malfunctions", "Setup and calibration of custom production runs", "Quality judgment requiring tactile and visual inspection" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 61 }, { "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Transportation and Material Moving Workers, Except Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-transportation-and-material-moving-workers-except-aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 61890, "skillsOverlap": 51 }, { "title": "Fabric and Apparel Patternmakers", "slug": "fabric-and-apparel-patternmakers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 67670, "skillsOverlap": 70 } ], "topTasks": [ "Record temperatures, amounts of materials processed, or test results on report forms.", "Monitor pressure gauges, ammeters, flowmeters, thermometers, or products, and adjust controls to maintain specified conditions, such as feed rate, product consistency, temperature, air pressure, and machine speed.", "Read dials and gauges on panel control boards to ascertain temperatures, alkalinities, and densities of mixtures, and turn valves to obtain specified mixtures.", "Start machinery, such as pumps, feeders, or conveyors, and turn valves to heat, admit, or transfer products, refrigerants, or mixes.", "Correct machinery malfunctions by performing actions such as removing jams, and inform supervisors of malfunctions as necessary." ], "topSkills": [ "Electronic mail software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software", "Presentation software", "Word processing software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Production and Processing", "Mechanical", "English Language", "Food Production", "Administration and Management" ] }, { "slug": "correctional-officers-and-jailers", "socCode": "33-3012", "title": "Correctional Officers and Jailers", "category": "protective-service", "riskScore": 61, "freyOsborneProb": 0.6, "employment": 365380, "medianWage": 57970, "wage10th": 41750, "wage90th": 93000, "projectedGrowthPct": -7.8, "genaiExposure": 59, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI-powered surveillance and threat detection systems", "Automated access control and identity verification", "Drone-based perimeter monitoring and response", "Predictive policing and crime analytics" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Community relationship-building and trust development", "Split-second judgment in life-threatening situations", "Navigating legally and ethically complex enforcement scenarios" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 55 }, { "title": "Lawyers, Judges, and Related Workers", "slug": "lawyers-judges-and-related-workers", "riskScore": 17, "medianWage": 144040, "skillsOverlap": 53 }, { "title": "Education Administrators, All Other", "slug": "education-administrators-all-other", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 89040, "skillsOverlap": 65 } ], "topTasks": [ "Conduct head counts to ensure that each prisoner is present.", "Inspect conditions of locks, window bars, grills, doors, and gates at correctional facilities to ensure security and help prevent escapes.", "Monitor conduct of prisoners in housing unit, or during work or recreational activities, according to established policies, regulations, and procedures, to prevent escape or violence.", "Search prisoners and vehicles and conduct shakedowns of cells for valuables and contraband, such as weapons or drugs.", "Guard facility entrances to screen visitors." ], "topSkills": [ "Data base user interface and query software", "Document management software", "Data base management system software", "Web page creation and editing software", "Spreadsheet software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Public Safety and Security", "English Language", "Law and Government", "Customer and Personal Service", "Administration and Management" ] }, { "slug": "correspondence-clerks", "socCode": "43-4021", "title": "Correspondence Clerks", "category": "office-admin", "riskScore": 75, "freyOsborneProb": 0.86, "employment": 6260, "medianWage": 46740, "wage10th": 33530, "wage90th": 62200, "projectedGrowthPct": -5.6, "genaiExposure": 87, "topRiskFactors": [ "Automated invoice and expense processing", "AI-powered email triage and response drafting", "AI summarization replacing manual report compilation", "AI scheduling and calendar management assistants", "Generative AI producing marketing and creative copy" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Coordinating complex multi-party events and logistics", "Exercising discretion in ambiguous administrative decisions", "Building trust-based relationships with executives" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Supervisors of Office and Administrative Support Workers", "slug": "supervisors-of-office-and-administrative-support-workers", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 66140, "skillsOverlap": 74 }, { "title": "Education Administrators, All Other", "slug": "education-administrators-all-other", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 89040, "skillsOverlap": 53 }, { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 68 } ], "topTasks": [ "Maintain files and control records to show correspondence activities.", "Read incoming correspondence to ascertain nature of writers' concerns and to determine disposition of correspondence.", "Gather records pertinent to specific problems, review them for completeness and accuracy, and attach records to correspondence as necessary.", "Prepare documents and correspondence, such as damage claims, credit and billing inquiries, invoices, and service complaints.", "Compile data from records to prepare periodic reports." ], "topSkills": [ "Enterprise application integration software", "Medical software", "Enterprise resource planning ERP software", "Graphics or photo imaging software", "Data base user interface and query software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Administrative", "English Language", "Customer and Personal Service", "Economics and Accounting", "Mathematics" ] }, { "slug": "cost-estimators", "socCode": "13-1051", "title": "Cost Estimators", "category": "business-finance", "riskScore": 60, "freyOsborneProb": 0.57, "employment": 219530, "medianWage": 77070, "wage10th": 46330, "wage90th": 128640, "projectedGrowthPct": -4.2, "genaiExposure": 86, "topRiskFactors": [ "Automated financial reporting and reconciliation", "AI-driven fraud detection replacing manual review", "Algorithmic trading and AI portfolio management", "AI summarization replacing manual report compilation" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Navigating regulatory ambiguity and compliance judgment", "Strategic advisory requiring deep client relationship knowledge", "Ethical judgment in fiduciary and advisory roles" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 53 }, { "title": "Lawyers, Judges, and Related Workers", "slug": "lawyers-judges-and-related-workers", "riskScore": 17, "medianWage": 144040, "skillsOverlap": 51 }, { "title": "Business Operations Specialists", "slug": "business-operations-specialists", "riskScore": 28, "medianWage": 80410, "skillsOverlap": 79 } ], "topTasks": [ "Analyze blueprints and other documentation to prepare time, cost, materials, and labor estimates.", "Confer with engineers, architects, owners, contractors, and subcontractors on changes and adjustments to cost estimates.", "Collect historical cost data to estimate costs for current or future products.", "Assess cost effectiveness of products, projects or services, tracking actual costs relative to bids as the project develops.", "Consult with clients, vendors, personnel in other departments, or construction foremen to discuss and formulate estimates and resolve issues." ], "topSkills": [ "Document management software", "Spreadsheet software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Computer aided design CAD software", "Accounting software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Mathematics", "Economics and Accounting", "Computers and Electronics", "Engineering and Technology", "Building and Construction" ] }, { "slug": "costume-attendants", "socCode": "39-3092", "title": "Costume Attendants", "category": "personal-care", "riskScore": 53, "freyOsborneProb": 0.61, "employment": 6290, "medianWage": 54810, "wage10th": 33610, "wage90th": 115240, "projectedGrowthPct": 5.9, "genaiExposure": 59, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI-powered skincare and beauty recommendation apps", "Virtual try-on technology reducing in-person consultations", "Automated booking and client management platforms", "Robotic massage and physical therapy devices" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Personalized hands-on service requiring tactile skill", "Creative aesthetic judgment for individual clients", "Emotional support and active listening during sessions", "Building trust and rapport with repeat clients" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Social Workers, All Other", "slug": "social-workers-all-other", "riskScore": 22, "medianWage": 69480, "skillsOverlap": 67 }, { "title": "Occupational Therapy and Physical Therapist Assistants and Aides", "slug": "occupational-therapy-and-physical-therapist-assistants-and-aides", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 61730, "skillsOverlap": 65 }, { "title": "Substance Abuse, Behavioral Disorder, and Mental Health Counselors", "slug": "substance-abuse-behavioral-disorder-and-mental-health-counselors", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 59190, "skillsOverlap": 65 } ], "topTasks": [ "Create worksheets for dressing lists, show notes, or costume checks.", "Provide dressing assistance to cast members or assign cast dressers to assist specific cast members with costume changes.", "Arrange costumes in order of use to facilitate quick-change procedures for performances.", "Design or construct costumes or send them to tailors for construction, major repairs, or alterations.", "Examine costume fit on cast members and sketch or write notes for alterations." ], "topSkills": [ "Data base user interface and query software", "Inventory management software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software", "Electronic mail software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Fine Arts", "Design", "Production and Processing", "Customer and Personal Service", "English Language" ] }, { "slug": "counselors-all-other", "socCode": "21-1019", "title": "Counselors, All Other", "category": "community-social", "riskScore": 24, "freyOsborneProb": 0.009, "employment": 33340, "medianWage": 49830, "wage10th": 36160, "wage90th": 91420, "projectedGrowthPct": 12.6, "genaiExposure": 35, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI-driven case management and resource matching", "AI translation and accessibility tools reducing interpreter needs", "Automated eligibility assessment for social programs" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Advocacy and relationship-building with institutions", "Cultural sensitivity in diverse community contexts", "Crisis intervention requiring immediate human judgment", "Navigating complex family and community dynamics", "Deep empathetic engagement with vulnerable populations" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Social Workers, All Other", "slug": "social-workers-all-other", "riskScore": 22, "medianWage": 69480, "skillsOverlap": 79 }, { "title": "Substance Abuse, Behavioral Disorder, and Mental Health Counselors", "slug": "substance-abuse-behavioral-disorder-and-mental-health-counselors", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 59190, "skillsOverlap": 77 }, { "title": "Dentists, All Other Specialists", "slug": "dentists-all-other-specialists", "riskScore": 13, "medianWage": 225770, "skillsOverlap": 52 } ], "topTasks": [], "topSkills": [], "topKnowledge": [] }, { "slug": "counselors-social-workers-and-other-community-and-social-service-specialists", "socCode": "21-1000", "title": "Counselors, Social Workers, and Other Community and Social Service Specialists", "category": "community-social", "riskScore": 35, "freyOsborneProb": 0.4, "employment": 2477920, "medianWage": 57480, "wage10th": 37830, "wage90th": 96620, "projectedGrowthPct": 7.6, "genaiExposure": 35, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI translation and accessibility tools reducing interpreter needs", "Chatbot counseling and mental health screening tools", "AI-driven case management and resource matching" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Crisis intervention requiring immediate human judgment", "Navigating complex family and community dynamics", "Advocacy and relationship-building with institutions", "Cultural sensitivity in diverse community contexts" ], 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gaps through which pedestrians can cross streets.", "Communicate traffic and crossing rules and other information to students and adults.", "Direct traffic movement or warn of hazards, using signs, flags, lanterns, and hand signals." ], "topSkills": [ "Word processing software", "Human resources software", "Calendar and scheduling software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Public Safety and Security", "Customer and Personal Service", "English Language", "Law and Government", "Psychology" ] }, { "slug": "crushing-grinding-and-polishing-machine-setters-operators-and-tenders", "socCode": "51-9021", "title": "Crushing, Grinding, and Polishing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders", "category": "production", "riskScore": 68, "freyOsborneProb": 0.97, "employment": 28550, "medianWage": 46890, "wage10th": 35380, "wage90th": 65980, "projectedGrowthPct": -2.5, "genaiExposure": 53, "topRiskFactors": [ "Industrial robotics replacing manual assembly tasks", "Predictive maintenance reducing manual inspection 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"topRiskFactors": [ "Industrial robotics replacing manual assembly tasks", "Cobots handling repetitive material handling tasks", "Predictive maintenance reducing manual inspection roles", "Smart factory scheduling and production optimization" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Handling non-standard materials and configurations", "Coordinating workflow across diverse production teams", "Troubleshooting complex equipment malfunctions", "Setup and calibration of custom production runs" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 69 }, { "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Transportation and Material Moving Workers, Except Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-transportation-and-material-moving-workers-except-aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 61890, "skillsOverlap": 59 }, { "title": "Fabric and Apparel Patternmakers", "slug": "fabric-and-apparel-patternmakers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 67670, "skillsOverlap": 83 } ], "topTasks": [ "Read prescriptions or specifications and examine models or impressions to determine the design of dental products to be constructed.", "Test appliances for conformance to specifications and accuracy of occlusion, using articulators and micrometers.", "Fabricate, alter, or repair dental devices, such as dentures, crowns, bridges, inlays, or appliances for straightening teeth.", "Place tooth models on an apparatus that mimics bite and movement of patient's jaw to evaluate functionality of model.", "Remove excess metal or porcelain and polish surfaces of prostheses or frameworks, using polishing machines." ], "topSkills": [ "Accounting software", "Computer aided design CAD software", "Computer aided manufacturing CAM software", "Graphics or photo imaging software", "Data base user interface and query software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Administration and Management", "Design", "English Language", "Medicine and Dentistry", "Production and Processing" ] }, { "slug": "dentists-all-other-specialists", "socCode": "29-1029", "title": "Dentists, All Other Specialists", "category": "healthcare", "riskScore": 13, "freyOsborneProb": 0.004, "employment": 5900, "medianWage": 225770, "wage10th": 75360, "wage90th": 0, "projectedGrowthPct": 0.3, "genaiExposure": 35, "topRiskFactors": [ "Administrative automation of medical billing and coding", "Telehealth platforms automating triage and intake", "Automated patient monitoring and alert systems" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Interdisciplinary care coordination", "Emergency triage requiring rapid human judgment", "Ethical decision-making in end-of-life situations", "Hands-on physical examination and procedures", "Empathetic patient communication and bedside manner" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Dentists, General", "slug": "dentists-general", "riskScore": 24, "medianWage": 172790, "skillsOverlap": 90 }, { "title": "Optometrists", "slug": "optometrists", "riskScore": 30, "medianWage": 134830, "skillsOverlap": 65 }, { "title": "Podiatrists", "slug": "podiatrists", "riskScore": 28, "medianWage": 152800, "skillsOverlap": 60 } ], "topTasks": [], "topSkills": [], "topKnowledge": [] }, { "slug": "dentists-general", "socCode": "29-1021", "title": "Dentists, General", "category": "healthcare", "riskScore": 24, "freyOsborneProb": 0.004, "employment": 113490, "medianWage": 172790, "wage10th": 83860, "wage90th": 0, "projectedGrowthPct": 4.1, "genaiExposure": 81, "topRiskFactors": [ "Telehealth platforms automating triage and intake", "Large language model automation of analysis tasks", "AI-assisted diagnostic imaging reducing radiologist workload" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Interdisciplinary care coordination", "Empathetic patient communication and bedside manner", "Emergency triage requiring rapid human judgment", "Complex clinical judgment in ambiguous presentations", "Ethical decision-making in end-of-life 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"Hands-on physical examination and procedures" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Dentists, All Other Specialists", "slug": "dentists-all-other-specialists", "riskScore": 13, "medianWage": 225770, "skillsOverlap": 83 }, { "title": "Dentists, General", "slug": "dentists-general", "riskScore": 24, "medianWage": 172790, "skillsOverlap": 76 }, { "title": "Prosthodontists", "slug": "prosthodontists", "riskScore": 34, "medianWage": 0, "skillsOverlap": 71 } ], "topTasks": [ "Conduct complete skin examinations.", "Diagnose and treat pigmented lesions such as common acquired nevi, congenital nevi, dysplastic nevi, Spitz nevi, blue nevi, or melanoma.", "Perform incisional biopsies to diagnose melanoma.", "Perform skin surgery to improve appearance, make early diagnoses, or control diseases such as skin cancer.", "Counsel patients on topics such as the need for annual dermatologic screenings, sun protection, skin cancer awareness, or skin and lymph node self-examinations." ], "topSkills": [ 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"topKnowledge": [ "Mechanical", "Mathematics", "English Language", "Education and Training", "Public Safety and Security" ] }, { "slug": "designers-all-other", "socCode": "27-1029", "title": "Designers, All Other", "category": "arts-media", "riskScore": 37, "freyOsborneProb": 0.48, "employment": 9680, "medianWage": 66220, "wage10th": 36530, "wage90th": 131950, "projectedGrowthPct": 2, "genaiExposure": 35, "topRiskFactors": [ "Generative AI creating visual art and design assets", "AI video editing and post-production automation", "AI copywriting tools reducing editorial demand" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Collaborative creative ideation and brainstorming", "Live performance and audience engagement", "Physical artistry and hands-on creative execution", "Original creative vision and artistic direction" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Artists and Related Workers, All Other", "slug": "artists-and-related-workers-all-other", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 72760, "skillsOverlap": 73 }, { "title": "Fashion Designers", "slug": "fashion-designers", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 80690, "skillsOverlap": 73 }, { "title": "Special Effects Artists and Animators", "slug": "special-effects-artists-and-animators", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 99800, "skillsOverlap": 84 } ], "topTasks": [], "topSkills": [], "topKnowledge": [] }, { "slug": "desktop-publishers", "socCode": "43-9031", "title": "Desktop Publishers", "category": "office-admin", "riskScore": 56, "freyOsborneProb": 0.16, "employment": 4000, "medianWage": 53620, "wage10th": 34650, "wage90th": 92880, "projectedGrowthPct": -12.4, "genaiExposure": 81, "topRiskFactors": [ "Robotic process automation of data entry workflows", "AI-powered email triage and response drafting", "AI summarization replacing manual report compilation", "Chatbot displacement of customer-facing interactions" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Exercising discretion in ambiguous administrative decisions", "Coordinating complex multi-party events and logistics", "Handling confidential and politically sensitive information", "Building trust-based relationships with executives" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Supervisors of Office and Administrative Support Workers", "slug": "supervisors-of-office-and-administrative-support-workers", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 66140, "skillsOverlap": 81 }, { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 65 }, { "title": "Lawyers, Judges, and Related Workers", "slug": "lawyers-judges-and-related-workers", "riskScore": 17, "medianWage": 144040, "skillsOverlap": 63 } ], "topTasks": [ "Operate desktop publishing software and equipment to design, lay out, and produce camera-ready copy.", "Position text and art elements from a variety of databases in a visually appealing way to design print or web pages, using knowledge of type styles and 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"title": "Architectural and Engineering Managers", "slug": "architectural-and-engineering-managers", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 167740, "skillsOverlap": 55 } ], "topTasks": [ "Check victims for signs of life, such as breathing and pulse.", "Obtain facts or statements from complainants, witnesses, and accused persons and record interviews, using recording device.", "Secure deceased body and obtain evidence from it, preventing bystanders from tampering with it prior to medical examiner's arrival.", "Record progress of investigation, maintain informational files on suspects, and submit reports to commanding officer or magistrate to authorize warrants.", "Prepare reports that detail investigation findings." ], "topSkills": [ "Network monitoring software", "Graphics or photo imaging software", "Project management software", "Office suite software", "Map creation software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Law and Government", "Public Safety and Security", "English Language", "Customer and Personal 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kitchen cleaning systems", "Self-ordering kiosks and mobile app displacement", "Robotic food delivery within establishments" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Food presentation requiring artistic and tactile skill", "Hospitality and personalized guest experiences", "Managing chaotic high-volume service environments", "Adapting to real-time dietary and allergy requests" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Education Administrators, All Other", "slug": "education-administrators-all-other", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 89040, "skillsOverlap": 57 }, { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 52 }, { "title": "Tour and Travel Guides", "slug": "tour-and-travel-guides", "riskScore": 27, "medianWage": 36660, "skillsOverlap": 65 } ], "topTasks": [ "Run cash registers.", "Serve ice water, coffee, rolls, or butter to patrons.", "Scrape and stack dirty dishes and carry dishes and other tableware to kitchens for cleaning.", "Wipe tables or seats with dampened cloths or replace dirty tablecloths.", "Set tables with clean linens, condiments, or other supplies." ], "topSkills": [ "Point of sale POS software", "Web page creation and editing software", "Spreadsheet software", "Operating system software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "Food Production", "English Language", "Sales and Marketing", "Administration and Management" ] }, { "slug": "directors-religious-activities-and-education", "socCode": "21-2021", "title": "Directors, Religious Activities and Education", "category": "community-social", "riskScore": 30, "freyOsborneProb": 0.025, "employment": 21460, "medianWage": 54840, "wage10th": 33990, "wage90th": 106530, "projectedGrowthPct": 2.1, "genaiExposure": 95, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI-driven case management and resource matching", "AI-powered research and literature review tools", "AI 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curricula or class structures for educational programs.", "Schedule special events, such as camps, conferences, meetings, seminars, or retreats.", "Counsel individuals regarding interpersonal, health, financial, or religious problems." ], "topSkills": [ "Graphics or photo imaging software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Electronic mail software", "Calendar and scheduling software", "Web page creation and editing software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Philosophy and Theology", "Education and Training", "Customer and Personal Service", "English Language", "Psychology" ] }, { "slug": "disc-jockeys-except-radio", "socCode": "27-2091", "title": "Disc Jockeys, Except Radio", "category": "arts-media", "riskScore": 47, "freyOsborneProb": 0.4, "employment": 8170, "medianWage": 42000, "wage10th": 0, "wage90th": 0, "projectedGrowthPct": 3.8, "genaiExposure": 71, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI music composition and audio production", "AI video editing and post-production automation", "AI copywriting tools reducing editorial demand", "Generative AI creating visual art and design assets" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Original creative vision and artistic direction", "Live performance and audience engagement", "Collaborative creative ideation and brainstorming", "Cultural interpretation and contextual sensitivity" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Artists and Related Workers, All Other", "slug": "artists-and-related-workers-all-other", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 72760, "skillsOverlap": 78 }, { "title": "Fashion Designers", "slug": "fashion-designers", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 80690, "skillsOverlap": 78 }, { "title": "Special Effects Artists and Animators", "slug": "special-effects-artists-and-animators", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 99800, "skillsOverlap": 74 } ], "topTasks": [ "Accept music requests from event guests.", "Adhere to schedules to keep events running on time.", "Advertise services using media such as internet advertising and brochures.", "Assemble audio and video equipment.", "Collect payments from customers." ], "topSkills": [ "Music or sound editing software", "Spreadsheet software", "Word processing software" ], "topKnowledge": [], "wageNote": "Irregular/variable pay" }, { "slug": "dishwashers", "socCode": "35-9021", "title": "Dishwashers", "category": "food-service", "riskScore": 47, "freyOsborneProb": 0.77, "employment": 471670, "medianWage": 33670, "wage10th": 23960, "wage90th": 41600, "projectedGrowthPct": 0.2, "genaiExposure": 10, "topRiskFactors": [ "Robotic food delivery within establishments", "Automated dishwashing and kitchen cleaning systems", "Automated food preparation and cooking robotics", "Self-ordering kiosks and mobile app displacement" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Adapting to real-time dietary and allergy requests", "Food presentation requiring artistic and tactile skill", "Managing chaotic high-volume service environments", "Hospitality and personalized guest experiences" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Education Administrators, All Other", "slug": "education-administrators-all-other", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 89040, "skillsOverlap": 57 }, { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 52 }, { "title": "Tour and Travel Guides", "slug": "tour-and-travel-guides", "riskScore": 27, "medianWage": 36660, "skillsOverlap": 65 } ], "topTasks": [ "Wash dishes, glassware, flatware, pots, or pans, using dishwashers or by hand.", "Place clean dishes, utensils, or cooking equipment in storage areas.", "Sort and remove trash, placing it in designated pickup areas.", "Sweep or scrub floors.", "Maintain kitchen work areas, equipment, or utensils in clean and orderly condition." ], "topSkills": [ "Web page creation and editing software", "Operating system software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Administration and Management", "English Language", "Public Safety and Security", "Customer and Personal Service", "Education and Training" ] }, { "slug": "dispatchers-except-police-fire-and-ambulance", "socCode": "43-5032", "title": "Dispatchers, Except Police, Fire, and Ambulance", "category": "office-admin", "riskScore": 66, "freyOsborneProb": 0.96, "employment": 211000, "medianWage": 48880, "wage10th": 34600, "wage90th": 76130, "projectedGrowthPct": -0.9, "genaiExposure": 53, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI-powered email triage and response drafting", "Robotic process automation of data entry workflows", "Smart form extraction replacing manual data processing", "AI scheduling and calendar management assistants" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Managing sensitive interpersonal workplace situations", "Coordinating complex multi-party events and logistics", "Exercising discretion in ambiguous administrative decisions" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Supervisors of Office and Administrative Support Workers", "slug": "supervisors-of-office-and-administrative-support-workers", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 66140, "skillsOverlap": 71 }, { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 65 }, { "title": "Lawyers, Judges, and Related Workers", "slug": "lawyers-judges-and-related-workers", "riskScore": 17, "medianWage": 144040, "skillsOverlap": 63 } ], "topTasks": [ "Schedule or dispatch workers, work crews, equipment, or service vehicles to appropriate locations, according to customer requests, specifications, or needs, using radios or telephones.", "Prepare daily work and run schedules.", "Confer with customers or supervising personnel to address questions, problems, or requests for service or equipment.", "Relay work orders, messages, or information to or from work crews, supervisors, or field inspectors, using telephones or 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{ "title": "Air Transportation Workers", "slug": "air-transportation-workers", "riskScore": 31, "medianWage": 106500, "skillsOverlap": 78 } ], "topTasks": [ "Drive trucks to deliver such items as food, medical supplies, or newspapers.", "Inform regular customers of new products or services and price changes.", "Record sales or delivery information on daily sales or delivery record.", "Listen to and resolve customers' complaints regarding products or services.", "Collect money from customers, make change, and record transactions on customer receipts." ], "topSkills": [ "Project management software", "Inventory management software", "Map creation software", "Communications server software", "Spreadsheet software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "Food Production", "English Language", "Transportation", "Public Safety and Security" ] }, { "slug": "drywall-and-ceiling-tile-installers", "socCode": "47-2081", "title": "Drywall and Ceiling Tile Installers", "category": 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}, { "title": "Architectural and Engineering Managers", "slug": "architectural-and-engineering-managers", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 167740, "skillsOverlap": 82 }, { "title": "Fundraising Managers", "slug": "fundraising-managers", "riskScore": 24, "medianWage": 123480, "skillsOverlap": 80 } ], "topTasks": [ "Design or use assessments to monitor student learning outcomes.", "Recruit, hire, train, and terminate departmental personnel.", "Direct, coordinate, and evaluate the activities of personnel, including support staff engaged in administering academic institutions, departments, or alumni organizations.", "Advise students on issues such as course selection, progress toward graduation, and career decisions.", "Plan, administer, and control budgets, maintain financial records, and produce financial reports." ], "topSkills": [ "Web page creation and editing software", "Customer relationship management CRM software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Facilities 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programs and services.", "Teach classes or courses or provide direct care to children.", "Set educational standards and goals and help establish policies, procedures, and programs to carry them out." ], "topSkills": [ "Enterprise resource planning ERP software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Desktop communications software", "Instant messaging software", "Accounting software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "Education and Training", "Administration and Management", "English Language", "Psychology" ] }, { "slug": "education-teachers-postsecondary", "socCode": "25-1081", "title": "Education Teachers, Postsecondary", "category": "education", "riskScore": 55, "freyOsborneProb": 0.4, "employment": 59090, "medianWage": 72090, "wage10th": 38650, "wage90th": 126450, "projectedGrowthPct": 2.1, "genaiExposure": 95, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI coding assistants reducing developer demand", "Generative AI producing marketing and creative copy", "AI-generated 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research in a particular field of knowledge and publish findings in professional journals, books, or electronic media.", "Compile, administer, and grade examinations, or assign this work to others.", "Keep abreast of developments in the field by reading current literature, talking with colleagues, and participating in professional conferences.", "Supervise students' fieldwork, internship, and research work." ], "topSkills": [ "Computer based training software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Calendar and scheduling software", "Word processing software", "Analytical or scientific software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "English Language", "Education and Training", "Psychology", "Sociology and Anthropology", "Administration and Management" ] }, { "slug": "educational-instruction-and-library-workers-all-other", "socCode": "25-9099", "title": "Educational Instruction and Library Workers, All Other", "category": "education", "riskScore": 36, "freyOsborneProb": 0.4, "employment": 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"medianWage": 64690, "skillsOverlap": 71 } ], "topTasks": [], "topSkills": [], "topKnowledge": [] }, { "slug": "educational-guidance-and-career-counselors-and-advisors", "socCode": "21-1012", "title": "Educational, Guidance, and Career Counselors and Advisors", "category": "community-social", "riskScore": 32, "freyOsborneProb": 0.009, "employment": 342350, "medianWage": 65140, "wage10th": 43580, "wage90th": 105870, "projectedGrowthPct": 3.5, "genaiExposure": 72, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI-generated written content replacing manual drafting", "Data analytics optimizing community program delivery", "Generative AI producing marketing and creative copy" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Advocacy and relationship-building with institutions", "Deep empathetic engagement with vulnerable populations", "Navigating complex family and community dynamics", "Cultural sensitivity in diverse community contexts" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Social Workers, All Other", "slug": "social-workers-all-other", "riskScore": 22, "medianWage": 69480, "skillsOverlap": 80 }, { "title": "Dentists, All Other Specialists", "slug": "dentists-all-other-specialists", "riskScore": 13, "medianWage": 225770, "skillsOverlap": 68 }, { "title": "Substance Abuse, Behavioral Disorder, and Mental Health Counselors", "slug": "substance-abuse-behavioral-disorder-and-mental-health-counselors", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 59190, "skillsOverlap": 83 } ], "topTasks": [ "Maintain accurate and complete student records as required by laws, district policies, and administrative regulations.", "Counsel students regarding educational issues, such as course and program selection, class scheduling and registration, school adjustment, truancy, study habits, and career planning.", "Provide crisis intervention to students when difficult situations occur at schools.", "Counsel individuals or groups to help them understand and overcome personal, social, or behavioral problems affecting their educational or vocational 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repaired electric motors to specified requirements and ratings, using hand tools and electrical meters.", "Measure velocity, horsepower, revolutions per minute (rpm), amperage, circuitry, and voltage of units or parts to diagnose problems, using ammeters, voltmeters, wattmeters, and other testing devices.", "Repair and rebuild defective mechanical parts in electric motors, generators, and related equipment, using hand tools and power tools.", "Lift units or parts such as motors or generators, using cranes or chain hoists, or signal crane operators to lift heavy parts or subassemblies." ], "topSkills": [ "Computer aided design CAD software", "Analytical or scientific software", "Facilities management software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Spreadsheet software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Mechanical", "Production and Processing", "English Language", "Administration and Management", "Customer and Personal Service" ] }, { "slug": "electrical-and-electronic-engineering-technologists-and-technicians", "socCode": "17-3023", "title": "Electrical and Electronic Engineering Technologists and Technicians", "category": "engineering", "riskScore": 59, "freyOsborneProb": 0.84, "employment": 92710, "medianWage": 77180, "wage10th": 48250, "wage90th": 111790, "projectedGrowthPct": 0.6, "genaiExposure": 65, "topRiskFactors": [ "Generative AI producing marketing and creative copy", "AI coding assistants reducing developer demand", "Automated structural and systems analysis software", "Chatbot displacement of customer-facing interactions" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Client communication and technical consultation", "Cross-disciplinary collaboration on complex projects", "Safety-critical judgment in design review", "On-site problem-solving in variable physical conditions" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 78 }, { "title": "Social Scientists and 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software", "Development environment software", "Computer aided design CAD software", "Analytical or scientific software", "Industrial control software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Computers and Electronics", "Engineering and Technology", "English Language", "Design", "Mathematics" ] }, { "slug": "electrical-and-electronic-equipment-mechanics-installers-and-repairers", "socCode": "49-2000", "title": "Electrical and Electronic Equipment Mechanics, Installers, and Repairers", "category": "repair", "riskScore": 35, "freyOsborneProb": 0.4, "employment": 479930, "medianWage": 60980, "wage10th": 38370, "wage90th": 97870, "projectedGrowthPct": 1.3, "genaiExposure": 35, "topRiskFactors": [ "Automated fault detection via IoT sensor networks", "Robotic inspection of hard-to-reach equipment", "AI parts inventory and supply chain optimization" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Hands-on fine motor work in intricate machinery", "Customer communication about technical issues", "Adapting repairs to non-standard or 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techniques and devices.", "Draft working drawings, wiring diagrams, wiring connection specifications, or cross-sections of underground cables, as required for instructions to installation crew.", "Assemble documentation packages and produce drawing sets to be checked by an engineer or an architect.", "Review completed construction drawings and cost estimates for accuracy and conformity to standards and regulations.", "Consult with engineers to discuss or interpret design concepts, or determine requirements of detailed working drawings." ], "topSkills": [ "Computer aided manufacturing CAM software", "Graphics or photo imaging software", "Computer aided design CAD software", "Project management software", "Enterprise resource planning ERP software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Design", "Engineering and Technology", "Computers and Electronics", "English Language", "Mathematics" ] }, { "slug": "electrical-and-electronics-installers-and-repairers-transportation-equipment", "socCode": "49-2093", "title": "Electrical and Electronics Installers and Repairers, Transportation Equipment", "category": "repair", "riskScore": 59, "freyOsborneProb": 0.91, "employment": 7310, "medianWage": 82730, "wage10th": 49490, "wage90th": 106110, "projectedGrowthPct": 6.1, "genaiExposure": 46, "topRiskFactors": [ "Automated fault detection via IoT sensor networks", "Augmented reality-guided remote diagnostics", "AI parts inventory and supply chain optimization", "Robotic inspection of hard-to-reach equipment" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Customer communication about technical issues", "Diagnosing novel equipment failures through physical inspection", "Hands-on fine motor work in intricate machinery", "Adapting repairs to non-standard or legacy equipment" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 63 }, { "title": "Electrical Power-Line Installers and Repairers", "slug": "electrical-power-line-installers-and-repairers", "riskScore": 28, "medianWage": 92560, "skillsOverlap": 77 }, { "title": "Architects, Except Landscape and Naval", "slug": "architects-except-landscape-and-naval", "riskScore": 29, "medianWage": 96690, "skillsOverlap": 65 } ], "topTasks": [ "Inspect and test electrical systems and equipment to locate and diagnose malfunctions, using visual inspections, testing devices, and computer software.", "Reassemble and test equipment after repairs.", "Adjust, repair, or replace defective wiring and relays in ignition, lighting, air-conditioning, and safety control systems, using electrician's tools.", "Splice wires with knives or cutting pliers, and solder connections to fixtures, outlets, and equipment.", "Locate and remove or repair circuit defects such as blown fuses or malfunctioning transistors." ], "topSkills": [ "Document management software", "Graphics or photo imaging software", "Desktop publishing software", "Computer aided design CAD software", "Analytical or scientific software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Engineering and Technology", "Computers and Electronics", "Mathematics", "Public Safety and Security", "Mechanical" ] }, { "slug": "electrical-and-electronics-repairers-commercial-and-industrial-equipment", "socCode": "49-2094", "title": "Electrical and Electronics Repairers, Commercial and Industrial Equipment", "category": "repair", "riskScore": 48, "freyOsborneProb": 0.41, "employment": 59990, "medianWage": 71300, "wage10th": 44980, "wage90th": 103060, "projectedGrowthPct": -0.8, "genaiExposure": 55, "topRiskFactors": [ "Predictive maintenance AI reducing reactive repair needs", "Robotic inspection of hard-to-reach equipment", "Augmented reality-guided remote diagnostics", "Automated fault detection via IoT sensor networks" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Working in confined, elevated, or hazardous spaces", "Adapting repairs to non-standard or legacy equipment", "Customer communication about technical issues", "Diagnosing novel equipment failures through physical 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connections or frayed wires.", "Install repaired equipment in various settings, such as industrial or military establishments." ], "topSkills": [ "Computer aided design CAD software", "Analytical or scientific software", "Facilities management software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Electronic mail software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Computers and Electronics", "Mechanical", "Production and Processing", "Customer and Personal Service", "Mathematics" ] }, { "slug": "electrical-and-electronics-repairers-powerhouse-substation-and-relay", "socCode": "49-2095", "title": "Electrical and Electronics Repairers, Powerhouse, Substation, and Relay", "category": "repair", "riskScore": 44, "freyOsborneProb": 0.38, "employment": 23040, "medianWage": 100940, "wage10th": 60820, "wage90th": 127970, "projectedGrowthPct": 5.5, "genaiExposure": 56, "topRiskFactors": [ "Robotic inspection of hard-to-reach equipment", "AI parts inventory and supply chain optimization", "Augmented reality-guided remote diagnostics", "Automated fault detection via IoT sensor networks" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Diagnosing novel equipment failures through physical inspection", "Working in confined, elevated, or hazardous spaces", "Adapting repairs to non-standard or legacy equipment", "Customer communication about technical issues" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 53 }, { "title": "Electrical Power-Line Installers and Repairers", "slug": "electrical-power-line-installers-and-repairers", "riskScore": 28, "medianWage": 92560, "skillsOverlap": 82 }, { "title": "Electronics Engineers, Except Computer", "slug": "electronics-engineers-except-computer", "riskScore": 29, "medianWage": 127590, "skillsOverlap": 55 } ], "topTasks": [ "Inspect and test equipment and circuits to identify malfunctions or defects, using wiring diagrams and testing devices such as ohmmeters, voltmeters, or ammeters.", "Prepare and maintain records detailing tests, repairs, and maintenance.", "Consult manuals, schematics, wiring diagrams, and engineering personnel to troubleshoot and solve equipment problems and to determine optimum equipment functioning.", "Analyze test data to diagnose malfunctions, to determine performance characteristics of systems, or to evaluate effects of system modifications.", "Open and close switches to isolate defective relays, performing adjustments or repairs." ], "topSkills": [ "Computer aided design CAD software", "Analytical or scientific software", "Compliance software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Mechanical", "Mathematics", "Engineering and Technology", "Public Safety and Security", "English Language" ] }, { "slug": "electrical-engineers", "socCode": "17-2071", "title": "Electrical Engineers", "category": "engineering", "riskScore": 34, "freyOsborneProb": 0.1, "employment": 188790, "medianWage": 111910, "wage10th": 74670, "wage90th": 175460, "projectedGrowthPct": 7.2, "genaiExposure": 68, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI-optimized manufacturing process design", "Robotic inspection and testing automation", "Automated structural and systems analysis software" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Safety-critical judgment in design review", "Novel engineering design for unprecedented challenges", "Client communication and technical consultation", "On-site problem-solving in variable physical conditions" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 78 }, { "title": "Electronics Engineers, Except Computer", "slug": "electronics-engineers-except-computer", "riskScore": 29, "medianWage": 127590, "skillsOverlap": 70 }, { "title": "Chemical Engineers", "slug": "chemical-engineers", "riskScore": 30, "medianWage": 121860, "skillsOverlap": 83 } ], "topTasks": [ "Design, implement, maintain, or improve electrical instruments, equipment, facilities, components, products, or systems for commercial, industrial, or domestic purposes.", "Oversee project production efforts to assure projects are completed on time and within budget.", "Direct or coordinate manufacturing, construction, installation, maintenance, support, documentation, or testing activities to ensure compliance with specifications, codes, or customer requirements.", "Perform detailed calculations to compute and establish manufacturing, construction, or installation standards or specifications.", "Operate computer-assisted engineering or design software or equipment to perform engineering tasks." ], "topSkills": [ "Development environment software", "File versioning software", "Analytical or scientific software", "WAN switching software and firmware", "Computer aided design CAD software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Engineering and Technology", "Computers and Electronics", "Design", "English Language", "Mathematics" ] }, { "slug": "electrical-power-line-installers-and-repairers", "socCode": "49-9051", "title": "Electrical Power-Line Installers and Repairers", "category": "repair", "riskScore": 28, "freyOsborneProb": 0.097, "employment": 123680, "medianWage": 92560, "wage10th": 50020, "wage90th": 126610, "projectedGrowthPct": 6.6, "genaiExposure": 31, "topRiskFactors": [ "Robotic inspection of hard-to-reach equipment", "Augmented reality-guided remote diagnostics", "Automated fault detection via IoT sensor networks" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Working in confined, elevated, or hazardous spaces", "Customer communication about technical issues", "Adapting repairs to non-standard or legacy equipment", "Hands-on fine motor work in intricate machinery", "Diagnosing novel equipment failures through physical inspection" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 61 } ], "topTasks": [ "Adhere to safety practices and procedures, such as checking equipment regularly and erecting barriers around work areas.", "Drive vehicles equipped with tools and materials to job sites.", "Open switches or attach grounding devices to remove electrical hazards from disturbed or fallen lines or to facilitate repairs.", "Climb poles or use truck-mounted buckets to access equipment.", "Install, maintain, and repair electrical distribution and transmission systems, including conduits, cables, wires, and related equipment, such as transformers, circuit breakers, and switches." ], "topSkills": [ "Computer aided design CAD software", "Electronic mail software", "Geographic information system", "Mobile location based services software", "Inventory management software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Building and Construction", "English Language", "Education and Training", "Public Safety and Security", "Transportation" ] }, { "slug": "electrical-electronic-and-electromechanical-assemblers-except-coil-winders-tapers-and-finishers", "socCode": "51-2028", "title": "Electrical, Electronic, and Electromechanical Assemblers, 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"first-line-supervisors-of-transportation-and-material-moving-workers-except-aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 61890, "skillsOverlap": 61 }, { "title": "Fabric and Apparel Patternmakers", "slug": "fabric-and-apparel-patternmakers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 67670, "skillsOverlap": 70 } ], "topTasks": [], "topSkills": [], "topKnowledge": [] }, { "slug": "electricians", "socCode": "47-2111", "title": "Electricians", "category": "construction", "riskScore": 32, "freyOsborneProb": 0.15, "employment": 742580, "medianWage": 62350, "wage10th": 39430, "wage90th": 106030, "projectedGrowthPct": 9.5, "genaiExposure": 46, "topRiskFactors": [ "Autonomous heavy equipment operation", "Robotic bricklaying and prefabrication automation", "Drone-based site surveying and inspection" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Navigating unpredictable and unstructured job sites", "Fine motor craftsmanship in custom installations", "Real-time safety judgment in hazardous conditions", "Adapting to unique building configurations on-site" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 69 }, { "title": "Extraction Workers", "slug": "extraction-workers", "riskScore": 29, "medianWage": 56020, "skillsOverlap": 71 }, { "title": "Electrical Power-Line Installers and Repairers", "slug": "electrical-power-line-installers-and-repairers", "riskScore": 28, "medianWage": 92560, "skillsOverlap": 53 } ], "topTasks": [ "Prepare sketches or follow blueprints to determine the location of wiring or equipment and to ensure conformance to building and safety codes.", "Place conduit, pipes, or tubing, inside designated partitions, walls, or other concealed areas, and pull insulated wires or cables through the conduit to complete circuits between boxes.", "Work from ladders, scaffolds, or roofs to install, maintain, or repair electrical wiring, equipment, or fixtures.", "Use a variety of tools or equipment, such 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"AI-assisted CAD and generative design tools", "Simulation and digital twin automation", "Large language model automation of analysis tasks", "Chatbot displacement of customer-facing interactions" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Novel engineering design for unprecedented challenges", "On-site problem-solving in variable physical conditions", "Cross-disciplinary collaboration on complex projects", "Safety-critical judgment in design review" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 74 }, { "title": "Social Scientists and Related Workers", "slug": "social-scientists-and-related-workers", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 92900, "skillsOverlap": 57 }, { "title": "Architects, Except Landscape and Naval", "slug": "architects-except-landscape-and-naval", "riskScore": 29, "medianWage": 96690, "skillsOverlap": 71 } ], "topTasks": [ "Test performance of electromechanical assemblies, using test instruments such as oscilloscopes, electronic voltmeters, or bridges.", "Install or program computer hardware or machine or instrumentation software in microprocessor-based systems.", "Read blueprints, schematics, diagrams, or technical orders to determine methods and sequences of assembly.", "Modify, maintain, or repair electrical, electronic, or mechanical components, equipment, or systems to ensure proper functioning.", "Inspect parts for surface defects." ], "topSkills": [ "Project management software", "Computer aided design CAD software", "Analytical or scientific software", "Object or component oriented development software", "Facilities management software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Computers and Electronics", "Engineering and Technology", "Mechanical", "Design", "Mathematics" ] }, { "slug": "electronic-equipment-installers-and-repairers-motor-vehicles", "socCode": "49-2096", "title": "Electronic Equipment Installers and Repairers, Motor Vehicles", "category": "repair", "riskScore": 65, 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"supervisors-of-installation-maintenance-and-repair-workers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 78300, "skillsOverlap": 79 } ], "topTasks": [ "Install equipment and accessories, such as stereos, navigation equipment, communication equipment, and security systems.", "Inspect and test electrical or electronic systems to locate and diagnose malfunctions, using visual inspections and testing instruments, such as oscilloscopes and voltmeters.", "Cut openings and drill holes for fixtures and equipment, using electric drills and routers.", "Splice wires with knives or cutting pliers, and solder connections to fixtures and equipment.", "Diagnose or repair problems with electronic equipment, such as sound, navigation, communication, and security equipment, in motor vehicles." ], "topSkills": [ "Analytical or scientific software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Spreadsheet software", "Internet browser software", "Office suite software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Mechanical", "Computers 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"skillsOverlap": 83 }, { "title": "Political Scientists", "slug": "political-scientists", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 139380, "skillsOverlap": 53 }, { "title": "Astronomers", "slug": "astronomers", "riskScore": 27, "medianWage": 132170, "skillsOverlap": 69 } ], "topTasks": [ "Design electronic components, software, products, or systems for commercial, industrial, medical, military, or scientific applications.", "Operate computer-assisted engineering or design software or equipment to perform electronics engineering tasks.", "Evaluate project work to ensure effectiveness, technical adequacy, or compatibility in the resolution of complex electronics engineering problems.", "Direct or coordinate activities concerned with manufacture, construction, installation, maintenance, operation, or modification of electronic equipment, products, or systems.", "Confer with engineers, customers, vendors, or others to discuss existing or potential electronics engineering projects or products." ], "topSkills": [ "Enterprise resource planning ERP software", "Analytical or scientific software", "File versioning software", "Computer aided design CAD software", "Development environment software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Computers and Electronics", "Engineering and Technology", "Design", "English Language", "Mathematics" ] }, { "slug": "elementary-school-teachers-except-special-education", "socCode": "25-2021", "title": "Elementary School Teachers, Except Special Education", "category": "education", "riskScore": 34, "freyOsborneProb": 0.004, "employment": 1393310, "medianWage": 62340, "wage10th": 46440, "wage90th": 102010, "projectedGrowthPct": -2, "genaiExposure": 74, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI coding assistants reducing developer demand", "AI tutoring systems providing personalized instruction", "Automated data interpretation and insight generation" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Mentoring students through personal and academic challenges", "Developing creative and engaging hands-on lessons", 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and Related Workers", "slug": "lawyers-judges-and-related-workers", "riskScore": 17, "medianWage": 144040, "skillsOverlap": 63 } ], "topTasks": [ "Compute and authorize amounts of assistance for programs, such as grants, monetary payments, and food stamps.", "Keep records of assigned cases, and prepare required reports.", "Compile, record, and evaluate personal and financial data to verify completeness and accuracy, and to determine eligibility status.", "Interview and investigate applicants for public assistance to gather information pertinent to their applications.", "Interview benefits recipients at specified intervals to certify their eligibility for continuing benefits." ], "topSkills": [ "Document management software", "Analytical or scientific software", "Data compression software", "Electronic mail software", "Medical software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "English Language", "Administration and Management", "Administrative", "Personnel and Human 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"slug": "occupational-therapy-and-physical-therapist-assistants-and-aides", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 61730, "skillsOverlap": 67 }, { "title": "Substance Abuse, Behavioral Disorder, and Mental Health Counselors", "slug": "substance-abuse-behavioral-disorder-and-mental-health-counselors", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 59190, "skillsOverlap": 67 } ], "topTasks": [ "Conform to laws of health and sanitation and ensure that legal requirements concerning embalming are met.", "Apply cosmetics to impart lifelike appearance to the deceased.", "Join lips, using needles and thread or wire.", "Close incisions, using needles and sutures.", "Incise stomach and abdominal walls and probe internal organs, using trocar, to withdraw blood and waste matter from organs." ], "topSkills": [ "Data base user interface and query software", "Office suite software", "Spreadsheet software", "Word processing software", "Internet browser software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "Chemistry", "Psychology", "English Language", "Law and Government" ] }, { "slug": "emergency-management-directors", "socCode": "11-9161", "title": "Emergency Management Directors", "category": "management", "riskScore": 35, "freyOsborneProb": 0.003, "employment": 12570, "medianWage": 86130, "wage10th": 51260, "wage90th": 160420, "projectedGrowthPct": 3, "genaiExposure": 81, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI-driven workforce planning and scheduling", "Automated performance analytics and reporting", "AI-powered research and literature review tools" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Conflict resolution and mediation across departments", "Strategic vision-setting in uncertain markets", "Navigating complex interpersonal and political dynamics", "Building organizational culture and employee engagement" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 83 }, { "title": "Education Administrators, All Other", "slug": "education-administrators-all-other", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 89040, "skillsOverlap": 73 }, { "title": "Architectural and Engineering Managers", "slug": "architectural-and-engineering-managers", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 167740, "skillsOverlap": 84 } ], "topTasks": [ "Consult with officials of local and area governments, schools, hospitals, and other institutions to determine their needs and capabilities in the event of a natural disaster or other emergency.", "Develop and maintain liaisons with municipalities, county departments, and similar entities to facilitate plan development, response effort coordination, and exchanges of personnel and equipment.", "Coordinate disaster response or crisis management activities, such as ordering evacuations, opening public shelters, and implementing special needs plans and programs.", "Prepare emergency situation status reports that 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], "topSafeTasks": [ "Hands-on physical examination and procedures", "Complex clinical judgment in ambiguous presentations", "Emergency triage requiring rapid human judgment", "Empathetic patient communication and bedside manner" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Dentists, All Other Specialists", "slug": "dentists-all-other-specialists", "riskScore": 13, "medianWage": 225770, "skillsOverlap": 82 }, { "title": "Dentists, General", "slug": "dentists-general", "riskScore": 24, "medianWage": 172790, "skillsOverlap": 75 }, { "title": "Prosthodontists", "slug": "prosthodontists", "riskScore": 34, "medianWage": 0, "skillsOverlap": 70 } ], "topTasks": [ "Analyze records, examination information, or test results to diagnose medical conditions.", "Assess patients' pain levels or sedation requirements.", "Collect and record patient information, such as medical history or examination results, in electronic or handwritten medical records.", "Communicate likely outcomes of medical diseases or 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114630, "projectedGrowthPct": 1.5, "genaiExposure": 65, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI-optimized manufacturing process design", "Chatbot displacement of customer-facing interactions", "Automated structural and systems analysis software", "Simulation and digital twin automation" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Cross-disciplinary collaboration on complex projects", "Novel engineering design for unprecedented challenges", "Safety-critical judgment in design review", "Client communication and technical consultation" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 74 }, { "title": "Social Scientists and Related Workers", "slug": "social-scientists-and-related-workers", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 92900, "skillsOverlap": 67 }, { "title": "Architects, Except Landscape and Naval", "slug": "architects-except-landscape-and-naval", "riskScore": 29, "medianWage": 96690, "skillsOverlap": 71 } ], "topTasks": [ "Interpret the results of all methods of non-destructive testing (NDT), such as acoustic emission, electromagnetic, leak, liquid penetrant, magnetic particle, neutron radiographic, radiographic, thermal or infrared, ultrasonic, vibration analysis, and visual testing.", "Interpret or evaluate test results in accordance with applicable codes, standards, specifications, or procedures.", "Identify defects in solid materials, using ultrasonic testing techniques.", "Make radiographic images to detect flaws in objects while leaving objects intact.", "Prepare reports on non-destructive testing results." ], "topSkills": [ "Computer aided design CAD software", "Analytical or scientific software", "Geographic information system", "Electronic mail software", "Data base user interface and query software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Engineering and Technology", "Mathematics", "English Language", "Physics", "Computers and Electronics" ] }, { "slug": "engineers", "socCode": "17-2000", "title": "Engineers", "category": "engineering", 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{ "title": "Occupational Therapists", "slug": "occupational-therapists", "riskScore": 28, "medianWage": 98340, "skillsOverlap": 76 } ], "topTasks": [ "Develop exercise programs to improve participant strength, flexibility, endurance, or circulatory functioning, in accordance with exercise science standards, regulatory requirements, and credentialing requirements.", "Provide emergency or other appropriate medical care to participants with symptoms or signs of physical distress.", "Demonstrate correct use of exercise equipment or performance of exercise routines.", "Recommend methods to increase lifestyle physical activity.", "Interpret exercise program participant data to evaluate progress or identify needed program changes." ], "topSkills": [ "Electronic mail software", "Medical software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software", "Presentation software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "Medicine and Dentistry", "Therapy and Counseling", "Education and 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"projectedGrowthPct": 2, "genaiExposure": 48, "topRiskFactors": [ "Industrial robotics replacing manual assembly tasks", "AI quality inspection via computer vision systems", "Automated CNC programming and machine operation", "Predictive maintenance reducing manual inspection roles" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Troubleshooting complex equipment malfunctions", "Quality judgment requiring tactile and visual inspection", "Setup and calibration of custom production runs" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 53 }, { "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Transportation and Material Moving Workers, Except Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-transportation-and-material-moving-workers-except-aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 61890, "skillsOverlap": 63 }, { "title": "Fabric and Apparel Patternmakers", "slug": "fabric-and-apparel-patternmakers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 67670, "skillsOverlap": 77 } ], "topTasks": [ "Adjust machine components to regulate speeds, pressures, and temperatures, and amounts, dimensions, and flow of materials or ingredients.", "Press control buttons to activate machinery and equipment.", "Examine, measure, and weigh materials or products to verify conformance to standards, using measuring devices such as templates, micrometers, or scales.", "Monitor machine operations and observe lights and gauges to detect malfunctions.", "Clear jams, and remove defective or substandard materials or products." ], "topSkills": [ "Enterprise resource planning ERP software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software", "Electronic mail software", "Word processing software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Production and Processing", "Mechanical", "Computers and Electronics", "Mathematics", "Engineering and Technology" ] }, { "slug": "fabric-and-apparel-patternmakers", "socCode": "51-6092", "title": "Fabric and Apparel 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"architects-except-landscape-and-naval", "riskScore": 29, "medianWage": 96690, "skillsOverlap": 53 } ], "topTasks": [ "Create a master pattern for each size within a range of garment sizes, using charts, drafting instruments, computers, or grading devices.", "Input specifications into computers to assist with pattern design and pattern cutting.", "Draw details on outlined parts to indicate where parts are to be joined, as well as the positions of pleats, pockets, buttonholes, and other features, using computers or drafting instruments.", "Make adjustments to patterns after fittings.", "Compute dimensions of patterns according to sizes, considering stretching of material." ], "topSkills": [ "Graphics or photo imaging software", "Computer aided design CAD software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software", "Electronic mail software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Design", "Mathematics", "English Language", "Production and Processing", "Education and Training" ] }, { "slug": "facilities-managers", "socCode": "11-3013", "title": "Facilities Managers", "category": "management", "riskScore": 50, "freyOsborneProb": 0.73, "employment": 141090, "medianWage": 104690, "wage10th": 62550, "wage90th": 173080, "projectedGrowthPct": 3.8, "genaiExposure": 67, "topRiskFactors": [ "Chatbot displacement of customer-facing interactions", "AI strategic decision-support dashboards", "AI-powered research and literature review tools", "Automated performance analytics and reporting" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Inspiring and leading teams through organizational change", "Conflict resolution and mediation across departments", "Navigating complex interpersonal and political dynamics", "Strategic vision-setting in uncertain markets" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 83 }, { "title": "Architectural and Engineering Managers", "slug": "architectural-and-engineering-managers", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 167740, "skillsOverlap": 84 }, { "title": "Fundraising Managers", "slug": "fundraising-managers", "riskScore": 24, "medianWage": 123480, "skillsOverlap": 82 } ], "topTasks": [ "Monitor the facility to ensure that it remains safe, secure, and well-maintained.", "Oversee the maintenance and repair of machinery, equipment, and electrical and mechanical systems.", "Oversee construction and renovation projects to improve efficiency and to ensure that facilities meet environmental, health, and security standards, and comply with government regulations.", "Plan, administer, and control budgets for contracts, equipment, and supplies.", "Participate in architectural and engineering planning and design, including space and installation management." ], "topSkills": [ "Document management software", "Desktop publishing software", "Human resources software", "Computer 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"Measure felled trees and cut them into specified log lengths, using chain saws and axes." ], "topSkills": [ "Analytical or scientific software", "Inventory management software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Accounting software", "Enterprise resource planning ERP software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Mechanical", "Production and Processing", "Administration and Management", "Public Safety and Security", "Customer and Personal Service" ] }, { "slug": "family-and-consumer-sciences-teachers-postsecondary", "socCode": "25-1192", "title": "Family and Consumer Sciences Teachers, Postsecondary", "category": "education", "riskScore": 54, "freyOsborneProb": 0.4, "employment": 2630, "medianWage": 77280, "wage10th": 47580, "wage90th": 133180, "projectedGrowthPct": 3.4, "genaiExposure": 95, "topRiskFactors": [ "Automated grading and assessment tools", "AI-powered research and literature review tools", "AI tutoring systems providing personalized instruction", "AI summarization 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tasks", "Automated patient monitoring and alert systems", "AI-generated written content replacing manual drafting", "Generative AI producing marketing and creative copy" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Hands-on physical examination and procedures", "Complex clinical judgment in ambiguous presentations", "Ethical decision-making in end-of-life situations", "Empathetic patient communication and bedside manner" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Dentists, All Other Specialists", "slug": "dentists-all-other-specialists", "riskScore": 13, "medianWage": 225770, "skillsOverlap": 71 }, { "title": "Dentists, General", "slug": "dentists-general", "riskScore": 24, "medianWage": 172790, "skillsOverlap": 84 }, { "title": "Occupational Therapists", "slug": "occupational-therapists", "riskScore": 28, "medianWage": 98340, "skillsOverlap": 76 } ], "topTasks": [ "Prescribe or administer treatment, therapy, medication, vaccination, and other specialized medical care to treat or prevent illness, disease, or injury.", "Order, perform, and interpret tests and analyze records, reports, and examination information to diagnose patients' condition.", "Collect, record, and maintain patient information, such as medical history, reports, or examination results.", "Monitor patients' conditions and progress and reevaluate treatments as necessary.", "Explain procedures and discuss test results or prescribed treatments with patients." ], "topSkills": [ "Medical software", "Accounting software", "Electronic mail software", "Information retrieval or search software", "Spreadsheet software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Medicine and Dentistry", "English Language", "Therapy and Counseling", "Psychology", "Biology" ] }, { "slug": "farm-and-home-management-educators", "socCode": "25-9021", "title": "Farm and Home Management Educators", "category": "education", "riskScore": 47, "freyOsborneProb": 0.008, "employment": 10260, "medianWage": 58120, "wage10th": 36780, "wage90th": 85230, "projectedGrowthPct": -2.5, "genaiExposure": 95, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI tutoring systems providing personalized instruction", "Automated grading and assessment tools", "AI-powered research and literature review tools", "AI summarization replacing manual report compilation" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Inspiring and motivating students through personal connection", "Adapting instruction to individual learning needs in real-time", "Managing classroom dynamics and student behavior", "Mentoring students through personal and academic challenges" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Postsecondary Teachers", "slug": "postsecondary-teachers", "riskScore": 22, "medianWage": 81600, "skillsOverlap": 80 }, { "title": "Postsecondary Teachers, All Other", "slug": "postsecondary-teachers-all-other", "riskScore": 22, "medianWage": 78490, "skillsOverlap": 80 }, { "title": "Teachers and Instructors, All Other", "slug": "teachers-and-instructors-all-other", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 64690, "skillsOverlap": 78 } ], "topTasks": [ "Advise farmers and demonstrate techniques in areas such as feeding and health maintenance of livestock, growing and harvesting practices, and financial planning.", "Conduct classes or deliver lectures on subjects such as nutrition, home management, and farming techniques.", "Collaborate with producers to diagnose and prevent management and production problems.", "Research information requested by farmers.", "Collect and evaluate data to determine community program needs." ], "topSkills": [ "Web page creation and editing software", "Geographic information system", "Graphics or photo imaging software", "Multi-media educational software", "Enterprise resource planning ERP software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Education and Training", "English Language", "Food Production", "Customer and Personal Service", "Biology" ] }, { "slug": "farm-equipment-mechanics-and-service-technicians", "socCode": "49-3041", "title": "Farm Equipment Mechanics and Service Technicians", "category": "repair", "riskScore": 54, "freyOsborneProb": 0.75, "employment": 36880, "medianWage": 52080, "wage10th": 36920, "wage90th": 76860, "projectedGrowthPct": 11, "genaiExposure": 31, "topRiskFactors": [ "Augmented reality-guided remote diagnostics", "AI parts inventory and supply chain optimization", "Robotic inspection of hard-to-reach equipment", "Predictive maintenance AI reducing reactive repair needs" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Diagnosing novel equipment failures through physical inspection", "Working in confined, elevated, or hazardous spaces", "Adapting repairs to non-standard or legacy equipment", "Hands-on fine motor work in intricate machinery" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 53 }, { "title": "Electrical Power-Line Installers and Repairers", "slug": "electrical-power-line-installers-and-repairers", "riskScore": 28, "medianWage": 92560, "skillsOverlap": 82 }, { "title": "Supervisors of Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Workers", "slug": "supervisors-of-installation-maintenance-and-repair-workers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 78300, "skillsOverlap": 72 } ], "topTasks": [ "Maintain, repair, and overhaul farm machinery and vehicles, such as tractors, harvesters, and irrigation systems.", "Dismantle defective machines for repair, using hand tools.", "Record details of repairs made and parts used.", "Reassemble machines and equipment following repair, testing operation and making adjustments, as necessary.", "Clean and lubricate parts." ], "topSkills": [ "Facilities management software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software", "Electronic mail software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Mechanical", "Customer and Personal Service", "Computers and Electronics", "English Language", "Mathematics" ] }, { "slug": "farm-labor-contractors", "socCode": "13-1074", "title": "Farm Labor Contractors", "category": "business-finance", "riskScore": 59, "freyOsborneProb": 0.97, "employment": 410, "medianWage": 48690, "wage10th": 29800, "wage90th": 86860, "projectedGrowthPct": 6, "genaiExposure": 95, "topRiskFactors": [ "Generative AI producing marketing and creative copy", "Algorithmic trading and AI portfolio management", "AI-powered research and literature review tools", "Large language model automation of analysis tasks" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Strategic advisory requiring deep client relationship knowledge", "Navigating regulatory ambiguity and compliance judgment", "Stakeholder management in complex organizational settings", "Ethical judgment in fiduciary and advisory roles" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 51 }, { "title": "Lawyers, Judges, and Related Workers", "slug": "lawyers-judges-and-related-workers", "riskScore": 17, "medianWage": 144040, "skillsOverlap": 69 }, { "title": "Business Operations Specialists", "slug": "business-operations-specialists", "riskScore": 28, "medianWage": 80410, "skillsOverlap": 77 } ], "topTasks": [ "Pay wages of contracted farm laborers.", "Provide food, drinking water, and field sanitation facilities to contracted workers.", "Recruit and hire agricultural workers.", "Employ foremen to deal directly with workers when recruiting, hiring, instructing, assigning tasks, and enforcing work rules.", "Supervise the work of contracted employees." ], "topSkills": [ "Accounting software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Web page creation and editing software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Foreign Language", "Food Production", "Mathematics", "Personnel and Human Resources", "Production and Processing" ] }, { "slug": "farmers-ranchers-and-other-agricultural-managers", "socCode": "11-9013", "title": "Farmers, 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"education-administrators-all-other", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 89040, "skillsOverlap": 79 }, { "title": "Architectural and Engineering Managers", "slug": "architectural-and-engineering-managers", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 167740, "skillsOverlap": 75 } ], "topTasks": [ "Collect and record growth, production, and environmental data.", "Manage nurseries that grow horticultural plants for sale to trade or retail customers, for display or exhibition, or for research.", "Direct and monitor trapping and spawning of fish, egg incubation, and fry rearing, applying knowledge of management and fish culturing techniques.", "Direct and monitor the transfer of mature fish to lakes, ponds, streams, or commercial tanks.", "Determine how to allocate resources and to respond to unanticipated problems, such as insect infestation, drought, and fire." ], "topSkills": [ "Enterprise resource planning ERP software", "Graphics or photo imaging software", "Data base user interface and query 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"Social Scientists and Related Workers", "slug": "social-scientists-and-related-workers", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 92900, "skillsOverlap": 69 }, { "title": "Occupational Health and Safety Specialists and Technicians", "slug": "occupational-health-and-safety-specialists-and-technicians", "riskScore": 26, "medianWage": 78900, "skillsOverlap": 59 }, { "title": "Supervisors of Farming, Fishing, and Forestry Workers", "slug": "supervisors-of-farming-fishing-and-forestry-workers", "riskScore": 35, "medianWage": 59330, "skillsOverlap": 71 } ], "topTasks": [ "Record information about crops, such as pesticide use, yields, or costs.", "Direct and monitor the work of casual and seasonal help during planting and harvesting.", "Participate in the inspection, grading, sorting, storage, and post-harvest treatment of crops.", "Harvest plants, and transplant or pot and label them.", "Repair and maintain farm vehicles, implements, and mechanical equipment." ], "topSkills": [ "Data base user 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"transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Social Scientists and Related Workers", "slug": "social-scientists-and-related-workers", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 92900, "skillsOverlap": 67 }, { "title": "Occupational Health and Safety Specialists and Technicians", "slug": "occupational-health-and-safety-specialists-and-technicians", "riskScore": 26, "medianWage": 78900, "skillsOverlap": 57 }, { "title": "Supervisors of Farming, Fishing, and Forestry Workers", "slug": "supervisors-of-farming-fishing-and-forestry-workers", "riskScore": 35, "medianWage": 59330, "skillsOverlap": 84 } ], "topTasks": [ "Feed and water livestock and monitor food and water supplies.", "Herd livestock to pastures for grazing or to scales, trucks, or other enclosures.", "Examine animals to detect illness, injury, or disease, and to check physical characteristics, such as rate of weight gain.", "Provide medical treatment, such as administering medications and vaccinations, or arrange for veterinarians to provide more 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"Cultural interpretation and contextual sensitivity", "Live performance and audience engagement", "Collaborative creative ideation and brainstorming" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Postsecondary Teachers", "slug": "postsecondary-teachers", "riskScore": 22, "medianWage": 81600, "skillsOverlap": 67 }, { "title": "Postsecondary Teachers, All Other", "slug": "postsecondary-teachers-all-other", "riskScore": 22, "medianWage": 78490, "skillsOverlap": 57 } ], "topTasks": [ "Sketch rough and detailed drawings of apparel or accessories, and write specifications such as color schemes, construction, material types, and accessory requirements.", "Examine sample garments on and off models, modifying designs to achieve desired effects.", "Confer with sales and management executives or with clients to discuss design ideas.", "Select materials and production techniques to be used for products.", "Provide sample garments to agents and sales representatives, and arrange for showings of sample 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experiences", "Adapting to real-time dietary and allergy requests" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Education Administrators, All Other", "slug": "education-administrators-all-other", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 89040, "skillsOverlap": 51 }, { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 66 }, { "title": "Tour and Travel Guides", "slug": "tour-and-travel-guides", "riskScore": 27, "medianWage": 36660, "skillsOverlap": 59 } ], "topTasks": [ "Communicate with customers regarding orders, comments, and complaints.", "Scrub and polish counters, steam tables, and other equipment, and clean glasses, dishes, and fountain equipment.", "Accept payment from customers, and make change as necessary.", "Perform cleaning duties, such as sweeping, mopping, and washing dishes, to keep equipment and facilities sanitary.", "Balance receipts and payments in cash registers." ], "topSkills": [ "Point of sale POS software", "Web platform development software", "Web page creation and editing software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Spreadsheet software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "Food Production", "Public Safety and Security", "English Language", "Sales and Marketing" ] }, { "slug": "fence-erectors", "socCode": "47-4031", "title": "Fence Erectors", "category": "construction", "riskScore": 56, "freyOsborneProb": 0.92, "employment": 22640, "medianWage": 46940, "wage10th": 35090, "wage90th": 74660, "projectedGrowthPct": 4.6, "genaiExposure": 10, "topRiskFactors": [ "Autonomous heavy equipment operation", "3D printing of building components", "Drone-based site surveying and inspection", "Robotic bricklaying and prefabrication automation" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Client-facing consultation on custom project needs", "Adapting to unique building configurations on-site", "Navigating unpredictable and unstructured job sites", "Fine motor craftsmanship in custom installations" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 57 }, { "title": "Extraction Workers", "slug": "extraction-workers", "riskScore": 29, "medianWage": 56020, "skillsOverlap": 84 }, { "title": "Electricians", "slug": "electricians", "riskScore": 32, "medianWage": 62350, "skillsOverlap": 78 } ], "topTasks": [ "Establish the location for a fence, and gather information needed to ensure that there are no electric cables or water lines in the area.", "Set metal or wooden posts in upright positions in postholes.", "Measure and lay out fence lines and mark posthole positions, following instructions, drawings, or specifications.", "Align posts, by lines or sighting, and verify vertical alignment of posts, using plumb bobs or spirit levels.", "Attach rails or tension wire along bottoms of posts to form fencing 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"Quality judgment requiring tactile and visual inspection" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 65 }, { "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Transportation and Material Moving Workers, Except Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-transportation-and-material-moving-workers-except-aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 61890, "skillsOverlap": 55 }, { "title": "Fabric and Apparel Patternmakers", "slug": "fabric-and-apparel-patternmakers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 67670, "skillsOverlap": 84 } ], "topTasks": [ "Release air bubbles and smooth seams, using rollers.", "Spray chopped fiberglass, resins, and catalysts onto prepared molds or dies using pneumatic spray guns with chopper attachments.", "Mix catalysts into resins, and saturate cloth and mats with mixtures, using brushes.", "Check completed products for conformance to specifications and for defects by measuring with rulers or micrometers, by checking them visually, or by tapping them to detect bubbles or dead spots.", "Pat or press layers of saturated mat or cloth into place on molds, using brushes or hands, and smooth out wrinkles and air bubbles with hands or squeegees." ], "topSkills": [ "Enterprise resource planning ERP software", "Spreadsheet software", "Word processing software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Administration and Management", "Production and Processing", "Education and Training", "Chemistry", "English Language" ] }, { "slug": "file-clerks", "socCode": "43-4071", "title": "File Clerks", "category": "office-admin", "riskScore": 87, "freyOsborneProb": 0.97, "employment": 78980, "medianWage": 41270, "wage10th": 29620, "wage90th": 61080, "projectedGrowthPct": -15.9, "genaiExposure": 87, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI summarization replacing manual report compilation", "Large language model automation of analysis tasks", "AI scheduling and calendar 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where they should be classified or filed.", "Input data, such as file numbers, new or updated information, or document information codes into computer systems to support document and information retrieval.", "Perform general office activities, such as typing, answering telephones, operating office machines, processing mail, or securing confidential materials.", "Sort or classify information according to guidelines, such as content, purpose, user criteria, or chronological, alphabetical, or numerical order.", "Answer questions about records or files." ], "topSkills": [ "Document management software", "Filesystem software", "Medical software", "Electronic mail software", "Accounting software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Administrative", "English Language", "Computers and Electronics", "Customer and Personal Service", "Mathematics" ] }, { "slug": "film-and-video-editors", "socCode": "27-4032", "title": "Film and Video Editors", "category": "arts-media", "riskScore": 48, "freyOsborneProb": 0.31, "employment": 28860, "medianWage": 70980, "wage10th": 39170, "wage90th": 145900, "projectedGrowthPct": 4, "genaiExposure": 74, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI-generated written content replacing manual drafting", "Generative AI creating visual art and design assets", "Generative AI producing marketing and creative copy", "AI video editing and post-production automation" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Cultural interpretation and contextual sensitivity", "Physical artistry and hands-on creative execution", "Collaborative creative ideation and brainstorming", "Original creative vision and artistic direction" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Artists and Related Workers, All Other", "slug": "artists-and-related-workers-all-other", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 72760, "skillsOverlap": 80 }, { "title": "Fashion Designers", "slug": "fashion-designers", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 80690, "skillsOverlap": 80 }, { "title": "Special Effects Artists and Animators", "slug": "special-effects-artists-and-animators", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 99800, "skillsOverlap": 76 } ], "topTasks": [ "Organize and string together raw footage into a continuous whole according to scripts or the instructions of directors and producers.", "Edit films and videotapes to insert music, dialogue, and sound effects, to arrange films into sequences, and to correct errors, using editing equipment.", "Select and combine the most effective shots of each scene to form a logical and smoothly running story.", "Review footage sequence by sequence to become familiar with it before assembling it into a final product.", "Set up and operate computer editing systems, electronic titling systems, video switching equipment, and digital video effects units to produce a final product." ], "topSkills": [ "Graphics or photo imaging software", "Video creation and editing software", "Web platform development software", "Filesystem software", "Computer aided design CAD software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Communications and Media", "English Language", "Computers and Electronics", "Telecommunications", "Fine Arts" ] }, { "slug": "financial-and-investment-analysts", "socCode": "13-2051", "title": "Financial and Investment Analysts", "category": "business-finance", "riskScore": 39, "freyOsborneProb": 0.23, "employment": 340580, "medianWage": 101350, "wage10th": 62410, "wage90th": 180550, "projectedGrowthPct": 5.7, "genaiExposure": 81, "topRiskFactors": [ "Automated data interpretation and insight generation", "AI summarization replacing manual report compilation", "Robotic process automation for accounting workflows" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Crisis financial decision-making under uncertainty", "Stakeholder management in complex organizational settings", "Navigating regulatory ambiguity and compliance judgment", "Strategic advisory requiring deep client relationship knowledge" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 51 }, { "title": "Lawyers, Judges, and Related Workers", "slug": "lawyers-judges-and-related-workers", "riskScore": 17, "medianWage": 144040, "skillsOverlap": 69 }, { "title": "Architectural and Engineering Managers", "slug": "architectural-and-engineering-managers", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 167740, "skillsOverlap": 57 } ], "topTasks": [ "Advise clients on aspects of capitalization, such as amounts, sources, or timing.", "Analyze financial or operational performance of companies facing financial difficulties to identify or recommend remedies.", "Assess companies as investments for clients by examining company facilities.", "Collaborate on projects with other professionals, such as lawyers, accountants, or public relations experts.", "Collaborate with investment bankers to attract new corporate clients." ], "topSkills": [ "Accounting software", "Human resources software", "Financial analysis software", "Business intelligence and data analysis software", "Analytical or scientific software" ], "topKnowledge": [] }, { "slug": "financial-clerks", "socCode": "43-3000", "title": "Financial Clerks", "category": "office-admin", "riskScore": 43, "freyOsborneProb": 0.4, "employment": 2645000, "medianWage": 47370, "wage10th": 34600, "wage90th": 69820, "projectedGrowthPct": -6.7, "genaiExposure": 35, "topRiskFactors": [ "Intelligent document processing and OCR automation", "Smart form extraction replacing manual data processing", "AI scheduling and calendar management assistants", "Robotic process automation of data entry workflows" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Coordinating complex multi-party events and logistics", "Handling confidential and politically sensitive information", "Building trust-based relationships with executives", "Exercising discretion in ambiguous administrative decisions" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Supervisors of 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"topKnowledge": [] }, { "slug": "financial-examiners", "socCode": "13-2061", "title": "Financial Examiners", "category": "business-finance", "riskScore": 43, "freyOsborneProb": 0.17, "employment": 62830, "medianWage": 90400, "wage10th": 53420, "wage90th": 171540, "projectedGrowthPct": 18.5, "genaiExposure": 88, "topRiskFactors": [ "Robotic process automation for accounting workflows", "AI credit scoring and underwriting models", "Automated data interpretation and insight generation", "AI coding assistants reducing developer demand" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Navigating regulatory ambiguity and compliance judgment", "Crisis financial decision-making under uncertainty", "Ethical judgment in fiduciary and advisory roles", "Strategic advisory requiring deep client relationship knowledge" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, 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167740, "skillsOverlap": 67 } ], "topTasks": [ "Analyze areas of potential risk to the assets, earning capacity, or success of organizations.", "Analyze new legislation to determine impact on risk exposure.", "Conduct statistical analyses to quantify risk, using statistical analysis software or econometric models.", "Confer with traders to identify and communicate risks associated with specific trading strategies or positions.", "Consult financial literature to ensure use of the latest models or statistical techniques." ], "topSkills": [ "Human resources software", "Financial analysis software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Analytical or scientific software", "Data base management system software" ], "topKnowledge": [] }, { "slug": "financial-specialists", "socCode": "13-2000", "title": "Financial Specialists", "category": "business-finance", "riskScore": 31, "freyOsborneProb": 0.33, "employment": 3033120, "medianWage": 82140, "wage10th": 48960, "wage90th": 162290, 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"topRiskFactors": [ "Drone-based perimeter monitoring and response", "Predictive policing and crime analytics", "Large language model automation of analysis tasks", "Automated data interpretation and insight generation" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Split-second judgment in life-threatening situations", "Community relationship-building and trust development", "De-escalation of volatile interpersonal confrontations", "Physical apprehension and emergency response" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 55 }, { "title": "Lawyers, Judges, and Related Workers", "slug": "lawyers-judges-and-related-workers", "riskScore": 17, "medianWage": 144040, "skillsOverlap": 53 }, { "title": "Education Administrators, All Other", "slug": "education-administrators-all-other", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 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"title": "Education Administrators, All Other", "slug": "education-administrators-all-other", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 89040, "skillsOverlap": 67 } ], "topTasks": [ "Rescue survivors from burning buildings, accident sites, and water hazards.", "Dress with equipment such as fire-resistant clothing and breathing apparatus.", "Assess fires and situations and report conditions to superiors to receive instructions, using two-way radios.", "Move toward the source of a fire, using knowledge of types of fires, construction design, building materials, and physical layout of properties.", "Respond to fire alarms and other calls for assistance, such as automobile and industrial accidents." ], "topSkills": [ "Data base user interface and query software", "Office suite software", "Electronic mail software", "Geographic information system", "Project management software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Public Safety and Security", "Customer and Personal Service", "Education and Training", "Building and 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Specialists and Technicians", "slug": "occupational-health-and-safety-specialists-and-technicians", "riskScore": 26, "medianWage": 78900, "skillsOverlap": 61 } ], "topTasks": [ "Assign tasks such as feeding and treatment of animals, and cleaning and maintenance of animal quarters.", "Record the numbers and types of fish or shellfish reared, harvested, released, sold, and shipped.", "Monitor workers to ensure that safety regulations are followed, warning or disciplining those who violate safety regulations.", "Observe animals for signs of illness, injury, or unusual behavior, notifying veterinarians or managers as warranted.", "Observe fish and beds or ponds to detect diseases, monitor fish growth, determine quality of fish, or determine completeness of harvesting." ], "topSkills": [ "Project management software", "Accounting software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Calendar and scheduling software", "Enterprise resource planning ERP software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Administration and Management", "Production and Processing", "Customer and Personal Service", "English Language", "Mechanical" ] }, { "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-firefighting-and-prevention-workers", "socCode": "33-1021", "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Firefighting and Prevention Workers", "category": "protective-service", "riskScore": 31, "freyOsborneProb": 0.004, "employment": 93680, "medianWage": 92430, "wage10th": 53970, "wage90th": 142300, "projectedGrowthPct": 3.4, "genaiExposure": 65, "topRiskFactors": [ "Drone-based perimeter monitoring and response", "AI-powered surveillance and threat detection systems", "Generative AI producing marketing and creative copy" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Split-second judgment in life-threatening situations", "De-escalation of volatile interpersonal confrontations", "Navigating legally and ethically complex enforcement scenarios", "Community relationship-building and trust development" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 55 }, { "title": "Lawyers, Judges, and Related Workers", "slug": "lawyers-judges-and-related-workers", "riskScore": 17, "medianWage": 144040, "skillsOverlap": 53 }, { "title": "Architectural and Engineering Managers", "slug": "architectural-and-engineering-managers", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 167740, "skillsOverlap": 61 } ], "topTasks": [ "Assign firefighters to jobs at strategic locations to facilitate rescue of persons and maximize application of extinguishing agents.", "Provide emergency medical services as required, and perform light to heavy rescue functions at emergencies.", "Assess nature and extent of fire, condition of building, danger to adjacent buildings, and water supply status to determine crew or company requirements.", "Communicate fire details to superiors, subordinates, or interagency dispatch centers, using two-way radios.", "Serve as a working leader of an engine, hand, helicopter, or prescribed fire crew of three or more firefighters." ], "topSkills": [ "Data base user interface and query software", "Analytical or scientific software", "Helpdesk or call center software", "Office suite software", "Electronic mail software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Public Safety and Security", "Customer and Personal Service", "Education and Training", "Building and Construction", "Administration and Management" ] }, { "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-food-preparation-and-serving-workers", "socCode": "35-1012", "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Food Preparation and Serving Workers", "category": "food-service", "riskScore": 56, "freyOsborneProb": 0.63, "employment": 1187460, "medianWage": 42010, "wage10th": 29340, "wage90th": 63420, "projectedGrowthPct": 6, "genaiExposure": 71, "topRiskFactors": [ "Automated food preparation and cooking robotics", "Self-ordering kiosks and mobile app displacement", "AI-powered research and literature review tools", "Chatbot displacement of customer-facing interactions" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Creative menu development and flavor innovation", "Hospitality and personalized guest experiences", "Adapting to real-time dietary and allergy requests", "Managing chaotic high-volume service environments" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Education Administrators, All Other", "slug": "education-administrators-all-other", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 89040, "skillsOverlap": 55 }, { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 50 }, { "title": "Fundraising Managers", "slug": "fundraising-managers", "riskScore": 24, "medianWage": 123480, "skillsOverlap": 69 } ], "topTasks": [ "Perform various financial activities, such as cash handling, deposit preparation, and payroll.", "Resolve customer complaints regarding food service.", "Compile and balance cash receipts at the end of the day or shift.", "Present bills and accept payments.", "Inspect supplies, equipment, and work areas to ensure efficient service and conformance to standards." ], "topSkills": [ "Human resources software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Inventory management software", "Accounting software", "Point of sale POS software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "Food Production", "Production and Processing", "Administration and Management", "Personnel and Human Resources" ] }, { "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-gambling-services-workers", "socCode": "39-1013", "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Gambling Services Workers", "category": "personal-care", "riskScore": 44, "freyOsborneProb": 0.28, "employment": 25530, "medianWage": 61590, "wage10th": 38360, "wage90th": 82370, "projectedGrowthPct": 2, "genaiExposure": 74, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI-generated written content replacing manual drafting", "Large language model automation of analysis tasks", "AI-powered skincare and beauty recommendation apps", "Virtual try-on technology reducing in-person consultations" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Emotional support and active listening during sessions", "Personalized hands-on service requiring tactile skill", "Creative aesthetic judgment for individual clients", "Building trust and rapport with repeat clients" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Social Workers, All Other", "slug": "social-workers-all-other", "riskScore": 22, "medianWage": 69480, "skillsOverlap": 69 }, { "title": "Occupational Therapy and Physical Therapist Assistants and Aides", "slug": "occupational-therapy-and-physical-therapist-assistants-and-aides", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 61730, "skillsOverlap": 67 }, { "title": "Substance Abuse, Behavioral Disorder, and Mental Health Counselors", "slug": "substance-abuse-behavioral-disorder-and-mental-health-counselors", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 59190, "skillsOverlap": 57 } ], "topTasks": [ "Monitor game operations to ensure that house rules are followed, that tribal, state, and federal regulations are adhered to, and that employees provide prompt and courteous service.", "Observe gamblers' behavior for signs of cheating, such as marking, switching, or counting cards, and notify security staff of suspected cheating.", "Perform paperwork required for monetary transactions.", "Respond to and resolve patrons' complaints.", "Greet customers and ask about the quality of service they are receiving." ], "topSkills": [ "Office suite software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Spreadsheet software", "Electronic mail software", "Presentation software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "Mathematics", "English Language", "Administration and Management", "Computers and Electronics" ] }, { "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-housekeeping-and-janitorial-workers", "socCode": "37-1011", "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Housekeeping and Janitorial Workers", "category": "maintenance", "riskScore": 67, "freyOsborneProb": 0.94, "employment": 174660, "medianWage": 47520, "wage10th": 34390, "wage90th": 74190, "projectedGrowthPct": 2.5, "genaiExposure": 64, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI-powered research and literature review tools", "IoT-based predictive maintenance scheduling", "AI-driven building management and energy optimization", "AI-generated written content replacing manual drafting" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Judgment calls on repair vs. replacement decisions", "Hands-on troubleshooting of building systems", "Physical work in diverse and unstructured environments" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Transportation and Material Moving Workers, Except Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-transportation-and-material-moving-workers-except-aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 61890, "skillsOverlap": 69 }, { "title": "Electrical Power-Line Installers and Repairers", "slug": "electrical-power-line-installers-and-repairers", "riskScore": 28, "medianWage": 92560, "skillsOverlap": 63 }, { "title": "Supervisors of Building and Grounds Cleaning and Maintenance Workers", "slug": "supervisors-of-building-and-grounds-cleaning-and-maintenance-workers", "riskScore": 36, "medianWage": 49990, "skillsOverlap": 77 } ], "topTasks": [ "Supervise in-house services, such as laundries, maintenance and repair, dry cleaning, or valet services.", "Select the most suitable cleaning materials for different types of linens, furniture, flooring, and surfaces.", "Advise managers, desk clerks, or admitting personnel of rooms ready for occupancy.", "Inspect work performed to ensure that it meets specifications and established standards.", "Perform or assist with cleaning duties as necessary." ], "topSkills": [ "Materials requirements planning logistics and supply chain software", "Facilities management software", "Electronic mail software", "Web page creation and editing software", "Data base user interface and query software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "English Language", "Administration and Management", "Education and Training", "Public Safety and Security" ] }, { "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-landscaping-lawn-service-and-groundskeeping-workers", "socCode": "37-1012", "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Landscaping, Lawn Service, and Groundskeeping Workers", "category": "maintenance", "riskScore": 53, "freyOsborneProb": 0.57, "employment": 124130, "medianWage": 56170, "wage10th": 39270, "wage90th": 83080, "projectedGrowthPct": 2.3, "genaiExposure": 70, "topRiskFactors": [ "Remote monitoring reducing on-site maintenance staff", "AI-driven building management and energy optimization", "AI-powered research and literature review tools", "AI summarization replacing manual report compilation" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Hands-on troubleshooting of building systems", "Responding to unpredictable facility emergencies", "Physical work in diverse and unstructured environments", "Tenant and occupant relationship management" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Transportation and Material Moving Workers, Except Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-transportation-and-material-moving-workers-except-aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 61890, "skillsOverlap": 61 }, { "title": "Electrical Power-Line Installers and Repairers", "slug": "electrical-power-line-installers-and-repairers", "riskScore": 28, "medianWage": 92560, "skillsOverlap": 55 }, { "title": "Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 29, "medianWage": 63940, "skillsOverlap": 53 } ], "topTasks": [ "Establish and enforce operating procedures and work standards that will ensure adequate performance and personnel safety.", "Schedule work for crews, depending on work priorities, crew or equipment availability, or weather conditions.", "Tour grounds, such as parks, botanical gardens, cemeteries, or golf courses, to inspect conditions of plants and soil.", "Monitor project activities to ensure that instructions are followed, deadlines are met, and schedules are maintained.", "Direct activities of workers who perform duties, such as landscaping, cultivating lawns, or pruning trees and shrubs." ], "topSkills": [ "Web page creation and editing software", "Inventory management software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software", "Electronic mail software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "English Language", "Administration and Management", "Mathematics", "Public Safety and Security" ] }, { "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-mechanics-installers-and-repairers", "socCode": "49-1011", "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Mechanics, Installers, and Repairers", "category": "repair", "riskScore": 34, "freyOsborneProb": 0.003, "employment": 600680, "medianWage": 78300, "wage10th": 48460, "wage90th": 124280, "projectedGrowthPct": 3.1, "genaiExposure": 68, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI-powered research and literature review tools", "Robotic inspection of hard-to-reach equipment", "AI parts inventory and supply chain optimization" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Customer communication about technical issues", "Diagnosing novel equipment failures through physical inspection", "Working in confined, elevated, or hazardous spaces", "Hands-on fine motor work in intricate machinery" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 53 }, { "title": "Electrical Power-Line Installers and Repairers", "slug": "electrical-power-line-installers-and-repairers", "riskScore": 28, "medianWage": 92560, "skillsOverlap": 72 }, { "title": "Supervisors of Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Workers", "slug": "supervisors-of-installation-maintenance-and-repair-workers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 78300, "skillsOverlap": 77 } ], "topTasks": [ "Inspect, test, and measure completed work, using devices such as hand tools or gauges to verify conformance to standards or repair requirements.", "Inspect and monitor work areas, examine tools and equipment, and provide employee safety training to prevent, detect, and correct unsafe conditions or violations of procedures and safety rules.", "Interpret specifications, blueprints, or job orders to construct templates and lay out reference points for workers.", "Monitor employees' work levels and review work performance.", "Perform skilled repair or maintenance operations, using equipment such as hand or power tools, hydraulic presses or shears, or welding equipment." ], "topSkills": [ "Computer aided design CAD software", "Inventory management software", "Project management software", "Facilities management software", "Accounting software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Administration and Management", "Mechanical", "Customer and Personal Service", "Administrative", "Personnel and Human Resources" ] }, { "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-non-retail-sales-workers", "socCode": "41-1012", "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Non-Retail Sales Workers", "category": "sales", "riskScore": 44, "freyOsborneProb": 0.075, "employment": 219010, "medianWage": 84130, "wage10th": 48880, "wage90th": 162120, "projectedGrowthPct": 0, "genaiExposure": 95, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI-generated written content replacing manual drafting", "AI-powered product recommendation engines", "E-commerce automation reducing in-store sales staff", "AI coding assistants reducing developer demand" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Building long-term client relationships and trust", "Reading customer emotional cues and adapting approach", "Negotiating bespoke deals with multiple stakeholders", "Consultative selling for complex or high-value products" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 61 }, { "title": "Education Administrators, All Other", "slug": "education-administrators-all-other", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 89040, "skillsOverlap": 51 }, { "title": "Architectural and Engineering Managers", "slug": "architectural-and-engineering-managers", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 167740, "skillsOverlap": 67 } ], "topTasks": [ "Monitor sales staff performance to ensure that goals are met.", "Provide staff with assistance in performing difficult or complicated duties.", "Direct and supervise employees engaged in sales, inventory-taking, reconciling cash receipts, or performing specific services.", "Listen to and resolve customer complaints regarding services, products, or personnel.", "Keep records pertaining to purchases, sales, and requisitions." ], "topSkills": [ "Accounting software", "Video conferencing software", "Customer relationship management CRM software", "Financial analysis software", "Enterprise application integration software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "Administration and Management", "English Language", "Personnel and Human Resources", "Economics and Accounting" ] }, { "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-office-and-administrative-support-workers", "socCode": "43-1011", "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Office and Administrative Support Workers", "category": "office-admin", "riskScore": 38, "freyOsborneProb": 0.014, "employment": 1495580, "medianWage": 66140, "wage10th": 43920, "wage90th": 102980, "projectedGrowthPct": -0.3, "genaiExposure": 77, "topRiskFactors": [ "Generative AI producing marketing and creative copy", "Intelligent document processing and OCR automation", "AI scheduling and calendar management assistants" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Managing sensitive interpersonal workplace situations", "Coordinating complex multi-party events and logistics", "Building trust-based relationships with executives", "Exercising discretion in ambiguous administrative decisions" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Supervisors of Office and Administrative Support Workers", "slug": "supervisors-of-office-and-administrative-support-workers", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 66140, "skillsOverlap": 75 }, { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 69 }, { "title": "Lawyers, Judges, and Related Workers", "slug": "lawyers-judges-and-related-workers", "riskScore": 17, "medianWage": 144040, "skillsOverlap": 67 } ], "topTasks": [ "Supervise the work of office, administrative, or customer service employees to ensure adherence to quality standards, deadlines, and proper procedures, correcting errors or problems.", "Resolve customer complaints or answer customers' questions regarding policies and procedures.", "Provide employees with guidance in handling difficult or complex problems or in resolving escalated complaints or disputes.", "Review records or reports pertaining to activities such as production, payroll, or shipping to verify details, monitor work activities, or evaluate performance.", "Discuss job performance problems with employees to identify causes and issues and to work on resolving problems." ], "topSkills": [ "Document management software", "Human resources software", "Operating system software", "Customer relationship management CRM software", "Data base user interface and query software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Administration and Management", "Customer and Personal Service", "English Language", "Administrative", "Computers and Electronics" ] }, { "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-personal-service-workers", "socCode": "39-1022", "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Personal Service Workers", "category": "personal-care", "riskScore": 39, "freyOsborneProb": 0.076, "employment": 107060, "medianWage": 47080, "wage10th": 32150, "wage90th": 73800, "projectedGrowthPct": 6.7, "genaiExposure": 53, "topRiskFactors": [ "Robotic massage and physical therapy devices", "Automated booking and client management platforms", "AI fitness coaching apps displacing personal trainers" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Adapting techniques to individual body types and preferences", "Building trust and rapport with repeat clients", "Emotional support and active listening during sessions", "Personalized hands-on service requiring tactile skill" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Social Workers, All Other", "slug": "social-workers-all-other", "riskScore": 22, "medianWage": 69480, "skillsOverlap": 59 }, { "title": "Occupational Therapy and Physical Therapist Assistants and Aides", "slug": "occupational-therapy-and-physical-therapist-assistants-and-aides", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 61730, "skillsOverlap": 57 }, { "title": "Substance Abuse, Behavioral Disorder, and Mental Health Counselors", "slug": "substance-abuse-behavioral-disorder-and-mental-health-counselors", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 59190, "skillsOverlap": 57 } ], "topTasks": [ "Train workers in proper operational procedures and functions and explain company policies.", "Meet with managers or other supervisors to stay informed of changes affecting operations.", "Assign work schedules, following work requirements, to ensure quality and timely delivery of service.", "Recruit and hire staff members.", "Resolve customer complaints regarding worker performance or services rendered." ], "topSkills": [ "Inventory management software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software", "Electronic mail software", "Presentation software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "English Language", "Administration and Management", "Public Safety and Security", "Psychology" ] }, { "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-police-and-detectives", "socCode": "33-1012", "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Police and Detectives", "category": "protective-service", "riskScore": 38, "freyOsborneProb": 0.004, "employment": 153130, "medianWage": 105980, "wage10th": 62370, "wage90th": 165050, "projectedGrowthPct": 2.9, "genaiExposure": 87, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI coding assistants reducing developer demand", "AI-generated written content replacing manual drafting", "Generative AI producing marketing and creative copy" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Community relationship-building and trust development", "De-escalation of volatile interpersonal confrontations", "Navigating legally and ethically complex enforcement scenarios", "Split-second judgment in life-threatening situations" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 69 }, { "title": "Lawyers, Judges, and Related Workers", "slug": "lawyers-judges-and-related-workers", "riskScore": 17, "medianWage": 144040, "skillsOverlap": 67 }, { "title": "Architectural and Engineering Managers", "slug": "architectural-and-engineering-managers", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 167740, "skillsOverlap": 55 } ], "topTasks": [ "Supervise and coordinate the investigation of criminal cases, offering guidance and expertise to investigators, and ensuring that procedures are conducted in accordance with laws and regulations.", "Prepare work schedules and assign duties to subordinates.", "Direct collection, preparation, and handling of evidence and personal property of prisoners.", "Investigate and resolve personnel problems within organization and charges of misconduct against staff.", "Explain police operations to subordinates to assist them in performing their job duties." ], "topSkills": [ "Graphics or photo imaging software", "Helpdesk or call center software", "Office suite software", "Map creation software", "Electronic mail software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Public Safety and Security", "Law and Government", "Customer and Personal Service", "Administration and Management", "English Language" ] }, { "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-production-and-operating-workers", "socCode": "51-1011", "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Production and Operating Workers", "category": "production", "riskScore": 40, "freyOsborneProb": 0.016, "employment": 685140, "medianWage": 71190, "wage10th": 45790, "wage90th": 106960, "projectedGrowthPct": 1.2, "genaiExposure": 76, "topRiskFactors": [ "Automated CNC programming and machine operation", "Automated data interpretation and insight generation", "AI quality inspection via computer vision systems" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Handling non-standard materials and configurations", "Coordinating workflow across diverse production teams", "Setup and calibration of custom production runs", "Quality judgment requiring tactile and visual inspection" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 65 }, { "title": "Supervisors of Production Workers", "slug": "supervisors-of-production-workers", "riskScore": 34, "medianWage": 71190, "skillsOverlap": 72 }, { "title": "Electrical Power-Line Installers and Repairers", "slug": "electrical-power-line-installers-and-repairers", "riskScore": 28, "medianWage": 92560, "skillsOverlap": 69 } ], "topTasks": [ "Enforce safety and sanitation regulations.", "Keep records of employees' attendance and hours worked.", "Inspect materials, products, or equipment to detect defects or malfunctions.", "Read and analyze charts, work orders, production schedules, and other records and reports to determine production requirements and to evaluate current production estimates and outputs.", "Plan and establish work schedules, assignments, and production sequences to meet production goals." ], "topSkills": [ "Word processing software", "Internet browser software", "Enterprise resource planning ERP software", "Computer aided design CAD software", "Computer aided manufacturing CAM software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Production and Processing", "Administration and Management", "Personnel and Human Resources", "English Language", "Computers and Electronics" ] }, { "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-protective-service-workers-all-other", "socCode": "33-1099", "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Protective Service Workers, All Other", "category": "protective-service", "riskScore": 34, "freyOsborneProb": 0.4, "employment": 20460, "medianWage": 74960, "wage10th": 40750, "wage90th": 102360, "projectedGrowthPct": 1.6, "genaiExposure": 35, "topRiskFactors": [ "Drone-based perimeter monitoring and response", "Predictive policing and crime analytics", "Automated access control and identity verification" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Community relationship-building and trust development", "Navigating legally and ethically complex enforcement scenarios", "Physical apprehension and emergency response", "Split-second judgment in life-threatening situations" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 61 }, { "title": "Lawyers, Judges, and Related Workers", "slug": "lawyers-judges-and-related-workers", "riskScore": 17, "medianWage": 144040, "skillsOverlap": 59 }, { "title": "Education Administrators, All Other", "slug": "education-administrators-all-other", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 89040, "skillsOverlap": 51 } ], "topTasks": [], "topSkills": [], "topKnowledge": [] }, { "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-retail-sales-workers", "socCode": "41-1011", "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Retail Sales Workers", "category": "sales", "riskScore": 55, "freyOsborneProb": 0.28, "employment": 1113160, "medianWage": 47320, "wage10th": 31120, "wage90th": 76560, "projectedGrowthPct": -5, "genaiExposure": 76, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI-powered research and literature review tools", "Dynamic pricing algorithms replacing pricing roles", "Generative AI producing marketing and creative copy", "Self-checkout and cashierless store technology" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Negotiating bespoke deals with multiple stakeholders", "Consultative selling for complex or high-value products", "In-person product demonstrations and hands-on experience", "Building long-term client relationships and trust" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Education Administrators, All Other", "slug": "education-administrators-all-other", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 89040, "skillsOverlap": 53 }, { "title": "Supervisors of Office and Administrative Support Workers", "slug": "supervisors-of-office-and-administrative-support-workers", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 66140, "skillsOverlap": 69 }, { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 68 } ], "topTasks": [ "Provide customer service by greeting and assisting customers and responding to customer inquiries and complaints.", "Direct and supervise employees engaged in sales, inventory-taking, reconciling cash receipts, or in performing services for customers.", "Examine merchandise to ensure that it is correctly priced and displayed and that it functions as advertised.", "Monitor sales activities to ensure that customers receive satisfactory service and quality goods.", "Instruct staff on how to handle difficult and complicated sales." ], "topSkills": [ "Document management software", "Graphics or photo imaging software", "Desktop publishing software", "Point of sale POS software", "Video creation and editing software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "Administration and Management", "Sales and Marketing", "English Language", "Education and Training" ] }, { "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-security-workers", "socCode": "33-1091", "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Security Workers", "category": "protective-service", "riskScore": 51, "freyOsborneProb": 0.4, "employment": 70310, "medianWage": 58610, "wage10th": 37800, "wage90th": 93930, "projectedGrowthPct": 2.7, "genaiExposure": 71, "topRiskFactors": [ "Generative AI producing marketing and creative copy", "Autonomous patrol and security robots", "Predictive policing and crime analytics", "Drone-based perimeter monitoring and response" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Navigating legally and ethically complex enforcement scenarios", "Split-second judgment in life-threatening situations", "Physical apprehension and emergency response", "Community relationship-building and trust development" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 55 }, { "title": "Lawyers, Judges, and Related Workers", "slug": "lawyers-judges-and-related-workers", "riskScore": 17, "medianWage": 144040, "skillsOverlap": 53 }, { "title": "Education Administrators, All Other", "slug": "education-administrators-all-other", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 89040, "skillsOverlap": 65 } ], "topTasks": [ "Advise employees in handling problems or resolving complaints from customers, tenants, detainees, or other persons.", "Apprehend or evict trespassers, rule violators, or other security threats from the premises.", "Assign security personnel to posts or patrols.", "Call police or fire departments 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"freyOsborneProb": 0.08, "employment": 6420, "medianWage": 68180, "wage10th": 35670, "wage90th": 94470, "projectedGrowthPct": -6, "genaiExposure": 53, "topRiskFactors": [ "Drone-based perimeter monitoring and response", "Automated access control and identity verification", "Predictive policing and crime analytics" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Navigating legally and ethically complex enforcement scenarios", "Community relationship-building and trust development", "Physical apprehension and emergency response", "De-escalation of volatile interpersonal confrontations" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 53 }, { "title": "Lawyers, Judges, and Related Workers", "slug": "lawyers-judges-and-related-workers", "riskScore": 17, "medianWage": 144040, "skillsOverlap": 51 }, { "title": "Education 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"transportation", "riskScore": 45, "freyOsborneProb": 0.35, "employment": 130110, "medianWage": 67130, "wage10th": 34030, "wage90th": 138040, "projectedGrowthPct": 9.2, "genaiExposure": 53, "topRiskFactors": [ "Autonomous vehicle and self-driving truck technology", "Automated warehouse sorting and loading systems", "Predictive maintenance reducing manual inspection needs", "AI route optimization reducing dispatcher roles" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Navigating unpredictable road and weather conditions", "Customer interaction and conflict resolution during delivery", "Manual loading of irregular and fragile cargo", "Emergency situation response and quick decision-making" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Transportation and Material Moving Workers, Except Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-transportation-and-material-moving-workers-except-aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 61890, "skillsOverlap": 75 }, { "title": "Air Transportation Workers", "slug": "air-transportation-workers", "riskScore": 31, "medianWage": 106500, "skillsOverlap": 73 }, { "title": "Ship Engineers", "slug": "ship-engineers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 101320, "skillsOverlap": 84 } ], "topTasks": [ "Verify that first aid kits and other emergency equipment, including fire extinguishers and oxygen bottles, are in working order.", "Announce and demonstrate safety and emergency procedures, such as the use of oxygen masks, seat belts, and life jackets.", "Monitor passenger behavior to identify threats to the safety of the crew and other passengers.", "Walk aisles of planes to verify that passengers have complied with federal regulations prior to takeoffs and landings.", "Direct and assist passengers in emergency procedures, such as evacuating a plane following an emergency landing." ], "topSkills": [ "Calendar and scheduling software", "Computer based training software", "Spreadsheet 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"transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 59 }, { "title": "Extraction Workers", "slug": "extraction-workers", "riskScore": 29, "medianWage": 56020, "skillsOverlap": 81 }, { "title": "Electricians", "slug": "electricians", "riskScore": 32, "medianWage": 62350, "skillsOverlap": 75 } ], "topTasks": [ "Sweep, scrape, sand, or chip dirt and irregularities to clean base surfaces, correcting imperfections that may show through the covering.", "Cut flooring material to fit around obstructions.", "Inspect surface to be covered to ensure that it is firm and dry.", "Trim excess covering materials, tack edges, and join sections of covering material to form tight joint.", "Form a smooth foundation by stapling plywood or Masonite over the floor or by brushing waterproof compound onto surface and filling cracks with plaster, putty, or grout to seal pores." ], "topSkills": [ "Data base user interface and query software", 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"artists-and-related-workers-all-other", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 72760, "skillsOverlap": 74 }, { "title": "Fashion Designers", "slug": "fashion-designers", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 80690, "skillsOverlap": 74 }, { "title": "Special Effects Artists and Animators", "slug": "special-effects-artists-and-animators", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 99800, "skillsOverlap": 70 } ], "topTasks": [ "Confer with clients regarding price and type of arrangement desired and the date, time, and place of delivery.", "Select flora and foliage for arrangements, working with numerous combinations to synthesize and develop new creations.", "Order and purchase flowers and supplies from wholesalers and growers.", "Deliver arrangements to customers, or oversee employees responsible for deliveries.", "Plan arrangement according to client's requirements, using knowledge of design and properties of materials, or select appropriate standard design pattern." ], "topSkills": [ "Web page creation and 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"transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Education Administrators, All Other", "slug": "education-administrators-all-other", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 89040, "skillsOverlap": 57 }, { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 52 }, { "title": "Tour and Travel Guides", "slug": "tour-and-travel-guides", "riskScore": 27, "medianWage": 36660, "skillsOverlap": 65 } ], "topTasks": [], "topSkills": [], "topKnowledge": [] }, { "slug": "food-and-tobacco-roasting-baking-and-drying-machine-operators-and-tenders", "socCode": "51-3091", "title": "Food and Tobacco Roasting, Baking, and Drying Machine Operators and Tenders", "category": "production", "riskScore": 64, "freyOsborneProb": 0.91, "employment": 19500, "medianWage": 42730, "wage10th": 32390, "wage90th": 60070, "projectedGrowthPct": 0.6, "genaiExposure": 53, "topRiskFactors": [ "Industrial robotics replacing manual assembly tasks", "AI quality inspection via computer vision systems", "Cobots handling repetitive material handling tasks", "Automated CNC programming and machine operation" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Troubleshooting complex equipment malfunctions", "Quality judgment requiring tactile and visual inspection", "Setup and calibration of custom production runs" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 53 }, { "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Transportation and Material Moving Workers, Except Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-transportation-and-material-moving-workers-except-aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 61890, "skillsOverlap": 63 }, { "title": "Fabric and Apparel Patternmakers", "slug": "fabric-and-apparel-patternmakers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 67670, "skillsOverlap": 77 } ], "topTasks": [ "Observe, feel, taste, or otherwise examine products during and after processing to ensure conformance to standards.", "Set temperature and time controls, light ovens, burners, driers, or roasters, and start equipment, such as conveyors, cylinders, blowers, driers, or pumps.", "Observe temperature, humidity, pressure gauges, and product samples and adjust controls, such as thermostats and valves, to maintain prescribed operating conditions for specific stages.", "Observe flow of materials and listen for machine malfunctions, such as jamming or spillage, and notify supervisors if corrective actions fail.", "Record production data, such as weight and amount of product processed, type of product, and time and temperature of processing." ], "topSkills": [ "Electronic mail software", "Spreadsheet software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Production and Processing", "English Language", "Public Safety and Security", "Food Production", "Mathematics" ] }, { "slug": "food-batchmakers", "socCode": "51-3092", "title": "Food Batchmakers", "category": "production", "riskScore": 59, "freyOsborneProb": 0.7, "employment": 171660, "medianWage": 40790, "wage10th": 30850, "wage90th": 57800, "projectedGrowthPct": 6.9, "genaiExposure": 59, "topRiskFactors": [ "Predictive maintenance reducing manual inspection roles", "Automated CNC programming and machine operation", "AI quality inspection via computer vision systems", "Smart factory scheduling and production optimization" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Handling non-standard materials and configurations", "Setup and calibration of custom production runs", "Quality judgment requiring tactile and visual inspection", "Coordinating workflow across diverse production teams" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 63 }, { "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Transportation and Material Moving Workers, Except Aircraft Cargo Handling 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"skillsOverlap": 52 }, { "title": "Tour and Travel Guides", "slug": "tour-and-travel-guides", "riskScore": 27, "medianWage": 36660, "skillsOverlap": 65 } ], "topTasks": [ "Clean and sanitize work areas, equipment, utensils, dishes, or silverware.", "Assist cooks and kitchen staff with various tasks as needed, and provide cooks with needed items.", "Take and record temperature of food and food storage areas, such as refrigerators and freezers.", "Carry food supplies, equipment, and utensils to and from storage and work areas.", "Remove trash and clean kitchen garbage containers." ], "topSkills": [ "Data base user interface and query software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software", "Computer based training software", "Video creation and editing software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "Food Production", "Production and Processing", "English Language", "Administration and Management" ] }, { "slug": "food-processing-workers", "socCode": "51-3000", "title": 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"occupational-health-and-safety-specialists-and-technicians", "riskScore": 26, "medianWage": 78900, "skillsOverlap": 77 } ], "topTasks": [ "Taste or smell foods or beverages to ensure that flavors meet specifications or to select samples with specific characteristics.", "Measure, test, or weigh bottles, cans, or other containers to ensure that hardness, strength, or dimensions meet specifications.", "Maintain records of testing results or other documents as required by state or other governing agencies.", "Monitor and control temperature of products.", "Analyze test results to classify products or compare results with standard tables." ], "topSkills": [ "Object or component oriented development software", "Web platform development software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Graphical user interface development software", "Graphics or photo imaging software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Food Production", "Production and Processing", "Chemistry", "English Language", "Computers 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"Analytical or scientific software", "Sales and marketing software", "Web platform development software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Spreadsheet software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Food Production", "Biology", "Chemistry", "Production and Processing", "English Language" ] }, { "slug": "food-servers-nonrestaurant", "socCode": "35-3041", "title": "Food Servers, Nonrestaurant", "category": "food-service", "riskScore": 60, "freyOsborneProb": 0.86, "employment": 271780, "medianWage": 34460, "wage10th": 26590, "wage90th": 44770, "projectedGrowthPct": 3, "genaiExposure": 38, "topRiskFactors": [ "Automated food preparation and cooking robotics", "Self-ordering kiosks and mobile app displacement", "AI inventory management and waste reduction", "Robotic food delivery within establishments" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Managing chaotic high-volume service environments", "Food presentation requiring artistic and tactile skill", "Hospitality and personalized guest experiences" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Education Administrators, All Other", "slug": "education-administrators-all-other", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 89040, "skillsOverlap": 63 }, { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 58 }, { "title": "Tour and Travel Guides", "slug": "tour-and-travel-guides", "riskScore": 27, "medianWage": 36660, "skillsOverlap": 51 } ], "topTasks": [ "Place food servings on plates or trays according to orders or instructions.", "Clean or sterilize dishes, kitchen utensils, equipment, or facilities.", "Monitor food distribution, ensuring that meals are delivered to the correct recipients and that guidelines, such as those for special diets, are followed.", "Examine trays to ensure that they contain required items.", "Load trays with accessories, such as eating utensils, napkins, or 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handouts.", "Maintain student attendance records, grades, and other required records.", "Evaluate and grade students' class work, assignments, and papers.", "Initiate, facilitate, and moderate classroom discussions.", "Prepare and deliver lectures to undergraduate or graduate students on topics such as how to speak and write a foreign language and the cultural aspects of areas where a particular language is used." ], "topSkills": [ "Graphics or photo imaging software", "Desktop publishing software", "Dictionary software", "Music or sound editing software", "Computer based training software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Foreign Language", "English Language", "Education and Training", "History and Archeology", "Philosophy and Theology" ] }, { "slug": "forensic-science-technicians", "socCode": "19-4092", "title": "Forensic Science Technicians", "category": "science", "riskScore": 40, "freyOsborneProb": 0.01, "employment": 19450, "medianWage": 67440, "wage10th": 45560, "wage90th": 110710, 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"topTasks": [ "Collect evidence from crime scenes, storing it in conditions that preserve its integrity.", "Keep records and prepare reports detailing findings, investigative methods, and laboratory techniques.", "Use photographic or video equipment to document evidence or crime scenes.", "Testify in court about investigative or analytical methods or findings.", "Use chemicals or other substances to examine latent fingerprint evidence and compare developed prints to those of known persons in databases." ], "topSkills": [ "Graphics or photo imaging software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Computer aided design CAD software", "Office suite software", "Analytical or scientific software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Law and Government", "Public Safety and Security", "Education and Training", "English Language", "Computers and Electronics" ] }, { "slug": "forest-and-conservation-technicians", "socCode": "19-4071", "title": "Forest and Conservation Technicians", "category": "science", "riskScore": 51, "freyOsborneProb": 0.42, "employment": 31080, "medianWage": 54310, "wage10th": 36190, "wage90th": 80790, "projectedGrowthPct": -3.2, "genaiExposure": 60, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI-accelerated data analysis and pattern recognition", "Automated laboratory instrumentation and workflows", "AI literature review and meta-analysis automation", "Machine learning models replacing manual hypothesis testing" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Ethical oversight of research involving human subjects", "Designing novel experiments and research methodologies", "Interpreting ambiguous results with domain expertise", "Fieldwork in unstructured natural environments" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Social Scientists and Related Workers", "slug": "social-scientists-and-related-workers", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 92900, "skillsOverlap": 75 }, { "title": "Political Scientists", "slug": "political-scientists", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 139380, "skillsOverlap": 82 }, { "title": "Occupational Health and Safety Specialists and Technicians", "slug": "occupational-health-and-safety-specialists-and-technicians", "riskScore": 26, "medianWage": 78900, "skillsOverlap": 80 } ], "topTasks": [ "Thin and space trees and control weeds and undergrowth, using manual tools and chemicals, or supervise workers performing these tasks.", "Train and lead forest and conservation workers in seasonal activities, such as planting tree seedlings, putting out forest fires, and maintaining recreational facilities.", "Provide information about, and enforce, regulations, such as those concerning environmental protection, resource utilization, fire safety, and accident prevention.", "Patrol park or forest areas to protect resources and prevent damage.", "Map forest tract data using digital mapping systems." ], "topSkills": [ "Map creation software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Analytical or scientific software", "Inventory management software", "Computer aided design 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21, "medianWage": 92900, "skillsOverlap": 67 }, { "title": "Occupational Health and Safety Specialists and Technicians", "slug": "occupational-health-and-safety-specialists-and-technicians", "riskScore": 26, "medianWage": 78900, "skillsOverlap": 57 }, { "title": "Industrial-Organizational Psychologists", "slug": "industrial-organizational-psychologists", "riskScore": 27, "medianWage": 109840, "skillsOverlap": 55 } ], "topTasks": [ "Check equipment to ensure that it is operating properly.", "Fight forest fires or perform prescribed burning tasks under the direction of fire suppression officers or forestry technicians.", "Perform fire protection or suppression duties, such as constructing fire breaks or disposing of brush.", "Confer with other workers to discuss issues, such as safety, cutting heights, or work needs.", "Maintain tallies of trees examined and counted during tree marking or measuring efforts." ], "topSkills": [ "Data base user interface and query software", "Geographic 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variable weather and terrain conditions", "Managing livestock behavior and welfare", "Operating in unstructured and remote environments" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Social Scientists and Related Workers", "slug": "social-scientists-and-related-workers", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 92900, "skillsOverlap": 61 }, { "title": "Political Scientists", "slug": "political-scientists", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 139380, "skillsOverlap": 53 }, { "title": "Occupational Health and Safety Specialists and Technicians", "slug": "occupational-health-and-safety-specialists-and-technicians", "riskScore": 26, "medianWage": 78900, "skillsOverlap": 51 } ], "topTasks": [], "topSkills": [], "topKnowledge": [] }, { "slug": "foresters", "socCode": "19-1032", "title": "Foresters", "category": "science", "riskScore": 32, "freyOsborneProb": 0.008, "employment": 9650, "medianWage": 70660, "wage10th": 49240, "wage90th": 103220, "projectedGrowthPct": 1.2, "genaiExposure": 67, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI 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assure adherence to government regulations.", "Negotiate terms and conditions of agreements and contracts for forest harvesting, forest management and leasing of forest lands.", "Plan and implement projects for conservation of wildlife habitats and soil and water quality.", "Establish short- and long-term plans for management of forest lands and forest resources.", "Plan cutting programs and manage timber sales from harvested areas, assisting companies to achieve production goals." ], "topSkills": [ "Geographic information system", "Inventory management software", "Analytical or scientific software", "Mobile location based services software", "Electronic mail software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "English Language", "Administration and Management", "Biology", "Law and Government" ] }, { "slug": "forestry-and-conservation-science-teachers-postsecondary", "socCode": "25-1043", "title": "Forestry and Conservation Science Teachers, Postsecondary", "category": "education", "riskScore": 47, "freyOsborneProb": 0.4, "employment": 1310, "medianWage": 100830, "wage10th": 58670, "wage90th": 154630, "projectedGrowthPct": 4, "genaiExposure": 95, "topRiskFactors": [ "Virtual classroom platforms reducing instructor demand", "AI-generated curriculum and lesson plan content", "AI summarization replacing manual report compilation", "Adaptive learning technology replacing remedial roles" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Adapting instruction to individual learning needs in real-time", "Mentoring students through personal and academic challenges", "Developing creative and engaging hands-on lessons", "Inspiring and motivating students through personal connection" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Dentists, All Other Specialists", "slug": "dentists-all-other-specialists", "riskScore": 13, "medianWage": 225770, "skillsOverlap": 53 }, { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 67 }, { "title": "Postsecondary Teachers", "slug": "postsecondary-teachers", "riskScore": 22, "medianWage": 81600, "skillsOverlap": 70 } ], "topTasks": [ "Prepare course materials, such as syllabi, homework assignments, and handouts.", "Prepare and deliver lectures to undergraduate or graduate students on topics, such as forest resource policy, forest pathology, and mapping.", "Evaluate and grade students' class work, assignments, and papers.", "Supervise students' laboratory or field work.", "Maintain student attendance records, grades, and other required records." ], "topSkills": [ "Web platform development software", "Project management software", "Computer based training software", "Calendar and scheduling software", "Word processing software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "English Language", "Education and Training", "Mathematics", "Biology", "Computers and Electronics" ] }, { "slug": "forging-machine-setters-operators-and-tenders-metal-and-plastic", "socCode": "51-4022", "title": "Forging Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic", "category": "production", "riskScore": 75, "freyOsborneProb": 0.93, "employment": 8760, "medianWage": 49240, "wage10th": 35150, "wage90th": 69540, "projectedGrowthPct": -18.9, "genaiExposure": 10, "topRiskFactors": [ "Smart factory scheduling and production optimization", "Cobots handling repetitive material handling tasks", "Predictive maintenance reducing manual inspection roles", "Automated CNC programming and machine operation", "AI quality inspection via computer vision systems" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Setup and calibration of custom production runs", "Coordinating workflow across diverse production teams", "Quality judgment requiring tactile and visual inspection" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 55 }, { "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Transportation and Material Moving Workers, Except Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-transportation-and-material-moving-workers-except-aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 61890, "skillsOverlap": 65 }, { "title": "Fabric and Apparel Patternmakers", "slug": "fabric-and-apparel-patternmakers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 67670, "skillsOverlap": 84 } ], "topTasks": [ "Read work orders or blueprints to determine specified tolerances and sequences of operations for machine setup.", "Position and move metal wires or workpieces through a series of dies that compress and shape stock to form die impressions.", "Measure and inspect machined parts to ensure conformance to product specifications.", "Set up, operate, or tend presses and forging machines to perform hot or cold forging by flattening, straightening, bending, cutting, piercing, or other operations to taper, shape, or form metal.", "Turn handles or knobs to set pressures and depths of ram strokes and to synchronize machine operations." ], "topSkills": [ "Electronic mail software", "Inventory management software", "Industrial control software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Production and Processing", "Mathematics", "Education and Training", "Mechanical", "Engineering and Technology" ] }, { "slug": "foundry-mold-and-coremakers", "socCode": "51-4071", "title": "Foundry Mold and Coremakers", "category": "production", "riskScore": 53, "freyOsborneProb": 0.67, "employment": 12720, "medianWage": 45700, "wage10th": 36220, "wage90th": 61390, "projectedGrowthPct": -25.9, "genaiExposure": 10, "topRiskFactors": [ "Industrial robotics replacing manual assembly tasks", "AI quality inspection via computer vision systems", "Smart factory scheduling and production optimization", "Automated CNC programming and machine operation" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Troubleshooting complex equipment malfunctions", "Quality judgment requiring tactile and visual inspection", "Setup and calibration of custom production runs", "Coordinating workflow across diverse production teams" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 51 }, { "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Transportation and Material Moving Workers, Except Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-transportation-and-material-moving-workers-except-aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 61890, "skillsOverlap": 61 }, { "title": "Fabric and Apparel Patternmakers", "slug": "fabric-and-apparel-patternmakers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 67670, "skillsOverlap": 70 } ], "topTasks": [ "Clean and smooth molds, cores, and core boxes, and repair surface imperfections.", "Sift and pack sand into mold sections, core boxes, and pattern contours, using hand or pneumatic ramming tools.", "Position patterns inside mold sections, and clamp sections together.", "Position cores into lower sections of molds, and reassemble molds for pouring.", "Sprinkle or spray parting agents onto patterns and mold sections to facilitate removal of patterns from molds." ], "topSkills": [ "Computer aided design CAD software", "Computer aided manufacturing CAM software", "Inventory management software", "Industrial control software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "English Language", "Mechanical", "Production and Processing", "Education and Training", "Administration and Management" ] }, { "slug": "fundraisers", "socCode": "13-1131", "title": "Fundraisers", "category": "business-finance", "riskScore": 42, "freyOsborneProb": 0.4, "employment": 105930, "medianWage": 66490, "wage10th": 43200, "wage90th": 106960, "projectedGrowthPct": 4.3, "genaiExposure": 87, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI-generated written content replacing manual drafting", "Automated data interpretation and insight generation", "Algorithmic trading and AI portfolio management", "Chatbot displacement of customer-facing interactions" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Crisis financial decision-making under uncertainty", "Stakeholder management in complex organizational settings", "Ethical judgment in fiduciary and advisory roles", "Navigating regulatory ambiguity and compliance judgment" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 57 }, { "title": "Lawyers, Judges, and Related Workers", "slug": "lawyers-judges-and-related-workers", "riskScore": 17, "medianWage": 144040, "skillsOverlap": 55 }, { "title": "Business Operations Specialists", "slug": "business-operations-specialists", "riskScore": 28, "medianWage": 80410, "skillsOverlap": 73 } ], "topTasks": [ "Identify and build relationships with potential donors.", "Secure commitments of participation or donation from individuals or corporate donors.", "Write and send letters of thanks to donors.", "Solicit cash or in-kind donations or sponsorships from individual, business, or government donors.", "Create or update donor databases." ], "topSkills": [ "Desktop publishing software", "Customer relationship management CRM software", "Graphics or photo imaging software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Electronic mail software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "English Language", "Sales and Marketing", "Administration and Management", "Communications and Media" ] }, { "slug": "fundraising-managers", "socCode": "11-2033", "title": "Fundraising Managers", "category": "management", "riskScore": 24, "freyOsborneProb": 0.015, "employment": 36920, "medianWage": 123480, "wage10th": 73700, "wage90th": 216660, "projectedGrowthPct": 4.2, "genaiExposure": 78, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI strategic decision-support dashboards", "AI summarization replacing manual report compilation", "Automated 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staff.", "Compile or develop materials to submit to granting or other funding organizations.", "Conduct research to identify the goals, net worth, charitable donation history, or other data related to potential donors, potential investors, or general donor markets.", "Contact corporate representatives, government officials, or community leaders to increase awareness of organizational causes, activities, or needs.", "Design and edit promotional publications, such as brochures." ], "topSkills": [ "Document management software", "Video creation and editing software", "Graphics or photo imaging software", "Desktop publishing software", "Web page creation and editing software" ], "topKnowledge": [] }, { "slug": "funeral-attendants", "socCode": "39-4021", "title": "Funeral Attendants", "category": "personal-care", "riskScore": 41, "freyOsborneProb": 0.37, "employment": 30560, "medianWage": 34610, "wage10th": 26820, "wage90th": 46690, "projectedGrowthPct": 3.1, "genaiExposure": 53, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI fitness coaching apps displacing personal trainers", "AI-powered skincare and beauty recommendation apps", "Virtual try-on technology reducing in-person consultations", "Automated booking and client management platforms" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Emotional support and active listening during sessions", "Building trust and rapport with repeat clients", "Personalized hands-on service requiring tactile skill", "Adapting techniques to individual body types and preferences" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Tour and Travel Guides", "slug": "tour-and-travel-guides", "riskScore": 27, "medianWage": 36660, "skillsOverlap": 73 }, { "title": "Concierges", "slug": "concierges", "riskScore": 29, "medianWage": 37320, "skillsOverlap": 84 }, { "title": "Social Workers, All Other", "slug": "social-workers-all-other", "riskScore": 22, "medianWage": 69480, "skillsOverlap": 63 } ], "topTasks": [ "Greet people at the funeral home.", "Perform a variety of tasks during funerals to assist funeral directors and to ensure that services run smoothly and as planned.", "Close caskets at appropriate point in services.", "Direct or escort mourners to parlors or chapels in which wakes or funerals are being held.", "Place caskets in parlors or chapels prior to wakes or funerals." ], "topSkills": [ "Accounting software", "Human resources software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software", "Word processing software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "English Language", "Administrative", "Transportation", "Computers and Electronics" ] }, { "slug": "funeral-home-managers", "socCode": "11-9171", "title": "Funeral Home Managers", "category": "management", "riskScore": 45, "freyOsborneProb": 0.4, "employment": 13120, "medianWage": 76830, "wage10th": 45820, "wage90th": 132470, "projectedGrowthPct": 4.1, "genaiExposure": 84, "topRiskFactors": [ "Automated data interpretation and insight generation", "AI-driven workforce planning and scheduling", "AI 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funeral details, such as obituary notice wording, casket selection, or plans for services.", "Schedule funerals, burials, or cremations.", "Deliver death certificates to medical facilities or offices to obtain signatures from legally authorized persons.", "Offer counsel and comfort to families and friends of the deceased.", "Monitor funeral service operations to ensure that they comply with applicable policies, regulations, and laws." ], "topSkills": [ "Video creation and editing software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Electronic mail software", "Accounting software", "Presentation software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "Administration and Management", "English Language", "Administrative", "Economics and Accounting" ] }, { "slug": "funeral-service-workers", "socCode": "39-4000", "title": "Funeral Service Workers", "category": "personal-care", "riskScore": 37, "freyOsborneProb": 0.4, "employment": 62630, "medianWage": 39170, "wage10th": 28300, "wage90th": 73810, "projectedGrowthPct": 3, "genaiExposure": 35, "topRiskFactors": [ "Virtual try-on technology reducing in-person consultations", "AI fitness coaching apps displacing personal trainers", "Automated booking and client management platforms" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Personalized hands-on service requiring tactile skill", "Creative aesthetic judgment for individual clients", "Emotional support and active listening during sessions", "Building trust and rapport with repeat clients" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Social Workers, All Other", "slug": "social-workers-all-other", "riskScore": 22, "medianWage": 69480, "skillsOverlap": 55 }, { "title": "Occupational Therapy and Physical Therapist Assistants and Aides", "slug": "occupational-therapy-and-physical-therapist-assistants-and-aides", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 61730, "skillsOverlap": 53 }, { "title": "Substance Abuse, Behavioral Disorder, and Mental Health Counselors", "slug": "substance-abuse-behavioral-disorder-and-mental-health-counselors", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 59190, "skillsOverlap": 53 } ], "topTasks": [], "topSkills": [], "topKnowledge": [] }, { "slug": "furnace-kiln-oven-drier-and-kettle-operators-and-tenders", "socCode": "51-9051", "title": "Furnace, Kiln, Oven, Drier, and Kettle Operators and Tenders", "category": "production", "riskScore": 48, "freyOsborneProb": 0.37, "employment": 16160, "medianWage": 47010, "wage10th": 35010, "wage90th": 66190, "projectedGrowthPct": 3, "genaiExposure": 53, "topRiskFactors": [ "Industrial robotics replacing manual assembly tasks", "Predictive maintenance reducing manual inspection roles", "Cobots handling repetitive material handling tasks", "AI quality inspection via computer vision systems" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Troubleshooting complex equipment malfunctions", "Quality judgment requiring tactile and visual inspection", "Setup and calibration of custom production runs", "Handling non-standard materials and configurations" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 61 }, { "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Transportation and Material Moving Workers, Except Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-transportation-and-material-moving-workers-except-aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 61890, "skillsOverlap": 51 }, { "title": "Fabric and Apparel Patternmakers", "slug": "fabric-and-apparel-patternmakers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 67670, "skillsOverlap": 75 } ], "topTasks": [ "Monitor equipment operation, gauges, and panel lights to detect deviations from standards.", "Confer with supervisors or other equipment operators to report equipment malfunctions or to resolve production problems.", "Press and adjust controls to activate, set, and regulate equipment according to specifications.", "Record gauge readings, test results, and shift 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depressions, remove marks and imperfections, and repair broken parts, using plastic or wood putty, glue, nails, or screws.", "Smooth, shape, and touch up surfaces to prepare them for finishing, using sandpaper, pumice stones, steel wool, chisels, sanders, or grinders.", "Remove accessories prior to finishing, and mask areas that should not be exposed to finishing processes or substances.", "Remove old finishes and damaged or deteriorated parts, using hand tools, stripping tools, sandpaper, steel wool, abrasives, solvents, or dip baths." ], "topSkills": [ "Data base user interface and query software", "Accounting software", "Office suite software", "Internet browser software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Production and Processing", "Mechanical", "Design", "Education and Training", "English Language" ] }, { "slug": "gambling-and-sports-book-writers-and-runners", "socCode": "39-3012", "title": "Gambling and Sports Book Writers and Runners", "category": "personal-care", "riskScore": 74, "freyOsborneProb": 0.91, "employment": 7600, "medianWage": 30460, "wage10th": 22200, "wage90th": 45900, "projectedGrowthPct": -6.1, "genaiExposure": 67, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI-powered research and literature review tools", "Automated booking and client management platforms", "AI summarization replacing manual report compilation", "Generative AI producing marketing and creative copy", "Automated data interpretation and insight generation" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Creative aesthetic judgment for individual clients", "Personalized hands-on service requiring tactile skill", "Adapting techniques to individual body types and preferences" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Tour and Travel Guides", "slug": "tour-and-travel-guides", "riskScore": 27, "medianWage": 36660, "skillsOverlap": 79 }, { "title": "Concierges", "slug": "concierges", "riskScore": 29, "medianWage": 37320, "skillsOverlap": 75 }, { "title": "Social Workers, All Other", "slug": "social-workers-all-other", "riskScore": 22, "medianWage": 69480, "skillsOverlap": 69 } ], "topTasks": [ "Collect bets in the form of cash or chips, verifying and recording amounts.", "Collect cards or tickets from players.", "Compute and verify amounts won or lost, paying out winnings or referring patrons to workers, such as gaming cashiers, so that winnings can be collected.", "Answer questions about game rules or casino policies.", "Conduct gambling tables or games, such as dice, roulette, cards, or keno, and ensure that game rules are followed." ], "topSkills": [ "Point of sale POS software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software", "Presentation software", "Operating system software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "Mathematics", "English Language", "Economics and Accounting", "Computers and Electronics" ] }, { "slug": "gambling-cage-workers", "socCode": "43-3041", "title": "Gambling Cage Workers", "category": "office-admin", "riskScore": 59, "freyOsborneProb": 0.39, "employment": 13490, "medianWage": 36990, "wage10th": 27940, "wage90th": 49350, "projectedGrowthPct": -5, "genaiExposure": 78, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI-generated written content replacing manual drafting", "AI coding assistants reducing developer demand", "AI scheduling and calendar management assistants", "Automated data interpretation and insight generation" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Managing sensitive interpersonal workplace situations", "Exercising discretion in ambiguous administrative decisions", "Building trust-based relationships with executives", "Handling confidential and politically sensitive information" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Supervisors of Office and Administrative Support Workers", "slug": "supervisors-of-office-and-administrative-support-workers", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 66140, "skillsOverlap": 72 }, { "title": "Education Administrators, All Other", "slug": "education-administrators-all-other", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 89040, "skillsOverlap": 61 }, { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 56 } ], "topTasks": [ "Maintain confidentiality of customers' transactions.", "Follow all gaming regulations.", "Maintain cage security.", "Cash checks and process credit card advances for patrons.", "Supply currency, coins, chips, or gaming checks to other departments as needed." ], "topSkills": [ "Office suite software", "Spreadsheet software", "Electronic mail software", "Presentation software", "Word processing software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "Mathematics", "English Language", "Administration and Management", "Administrative" ] }, { "slug": "gambling-change-persons-and-booth-cashiers", "socCode": "41-2012", "title": "Gambling Change Persons and Booth Cashiers", "category": "sales", "riskScore": 74, "freyOsborneProb": 0.83, "employment": 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Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 66 } ], "topTasks": [ "Keep accurate records of monetary exchanges, authorization forms, and transaction reconciliations.", "Exchange money, credit, tickets, or casino chips and make change for customers.", "Count money and audit money drawers.", "Check identifications to verify age of players.", "Maintain cage security according to rules." ], "topSkills": [ "Spreadsheet software", "Word processing software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "Mathematics", "English Language", "Public Safety and Security", "Administrative" ] }, { "slug": "gambling-dealers", "socCode": "39-3011", "title": "Gambling Dealers", "category": "personal-care", "riskScore": 76, "freyOsborneProb": 0.96, "employment": 82980, "medianWage": 33280, "wage10th": 22340, "wage90th": 73530, "projectedGrowthPct": -0.6, "genaiExposure": 95, "topRiskFactors": [ "Robotic massage and physical therapy devices", "Automated data interpretation and insight generation", "AI-powered research and literature review tools", "AI summarization replacing manual report compilation", "Automated booking and client management platforms" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Adapting techniques to individual body types and preferences", "Building trust and rapport with repeat clients", "Personalized hands-on service requiring tactile skill" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Tour and Travel Guides", "slug": "tour-and-travel-guides", "riskScore": 27, "medianWage": 36660, "skillsOverlap": 83 }, { "title": "Concierges", "slug": "concierges", "riskScore": 29, "medianWage": 37320, "skillsOverlap": 79 }, { "title": "Social Workers, All Other", "slug": "social-workers-all-other", "riskScore": 22, "medianWage": 69480, "skillsOverlap": 53 } ], "topTasks": [ "Pay winnings or collect losing bets as established by the rules and procedures of a specific game.", "Greet customers and make them feel welcome.", "Exchange paper currency for playing chips or coin money.", "Check to ensure that all players have placed bets before play begins.", "Inspect cards and equipment to be used in games to ensure that they are in good condition." ], "topSkills": [ "Data base management system software", "Business intelligence and data analysis software", "Electronic mail software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "Mathematics", "English Language", "Administration and Management", "Public Safety and Security" ] }, { "slug": "gambling-managers", "socCode": "11-9071", "title": "Gambling Managers", "category": "management", "riskScore": 38, "freyOsborneProb": 0.091, "employment": 4620, "medianWage": 85580, "wage10th": 51670, "wage90th": 165220, "projectedGrowthPct": 1.2, "genaiExposure": 84, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI strategic decision-support dashboards", "Automated performance 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suspected cheaters, such as card counters or other players who may have systems that shift the odds of winning to their favor.", "Track supplies of money to tables and perform any required paperwork.", "Explain and interpret house rules, such as game rules or betting limits.", "Prepare work schedules and station arrangements and keep attendance records." ], "topSkills": [ "Calendar and scheduling software", "Human resources software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software", "Electronic mail software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "English Language", "Administration and Management", "Mathematics", "Personnel and Human Resources" ] }, { "slug": "gambling-service-workers-all-other", "socCode": "39-3019", "title": "Gambling Service Workers, All Other", "category": "personal-care", "riskScore": 53, "freyOsborneProb": 0.91, "employment": 14920, "medianWage": 34530, "wage10th": 22880, "wage90th": 56740, "projectedGrowthPct": -0.6, "genaiExposure": 35, "topRiskFactors": [ "Automated booking and client management platforms", "Virtual try-on technology reducing in-person consultations", "Robotic massage and physical therapy devices", "AI-powered skincare and beauty recommendation apps" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Adapting techniques to individual body types and preferences", "Emotional support and active listening during sessions", "Personalized hands-on service requiring tactile skill", "Creative aesthetic judgment for individual clients" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Tour and Travel Guides", "slug": "tour-and-travel-guides", "riskScore": 27, "medianWage": 36660, "skillsOverlap": 82 }, { "title": "Concierges", "slug": "concierges", "riskScore": 29, "medianWage": 37320, "skillsOverlap": 78 }, { "title": "Social Workers, All Other", "slug": "social-workers-all-other", "riskScore": 22, "medianWage": 69480, "skillsOverlap": 67 } ], "topTasks": [], "topSkills": [], "topKnowledge": [] }, { "slug": "gambling-surveillance-officers-and-gambling-investigators", "socCode": "33-9031", "title": "Gambling Surveillance Officers and Gambling Investigators", "category": "protective-service", "riskScore": 70, "freyOsborneProb": 0.95, "employment": 10000, "medianWage": 43900, "wage10th": 34020, "wage90th": 62360, "projectedGrowthPct": 0.3, "genaiExposure": 74, "topRiskFactors": [ "Large language model automation of analysis tasks", "Chatbot displacement of customer-facing interactions", "AI-generated written content replacing manual drafting", "Drone-based perimeter monitoring and response" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "De-escalation of volatile interpersonal confrontations", "Community relationship-building and trust development", "Split-second judgment in life-threatening situations" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Education Administrators, All Other", "slug": "education-administrators-all-other", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 89040, "skillsOverlap": 63 }, { "title": "Social Workers, All 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"Electronic mail software", "Graphics or photo imaging software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "English Language", "Public Safety and Security", "Computers and Electronics", "Mathematics", "Administrative" ] }, { "slug": "gas-compressor-and-gas-pumping-station-operators", "socCode": "53-7071", "title": "Gas Compressor and Gas Pumping Station Operators", "category": "transportation", "riskScore": 63, "freyOsborneProb": 0.91, "employment": 5110, "medianWage": 71510, "wage10th": 43950, "wage90th": 98350, "projectedGrowthPct": -1.3, "genaiExposure": 53, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI traffic management and fleet coordination", "Autonomous vehicle and self-driving truck technology", "AI route optimization reducing dispatcher roles", "Predictive maintenance reducing manual inspection needs" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Navigating unpredictable road and weather conditions", "Customer interaction and conflict resolution during delivery", "Manual loading of irregular and fragile cargo" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Transportation and Material Moving Workers, Except Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-transportation-and-material-moving-workers-except-aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 61890, "skillsOverlap": 81 }, { "title": "Air Transportation Workers", "slug": "air-transportation-workers", "riskScore": 31, "medianWage": 106500, "skillsOverlap": 79 }, { "title": "Ship Engineers", "slug": "ship-engineers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 101320, "skillsOverlap": 75 } ], "topTasks": [ "Monitor meters and pressure gauges to determine consumption rate variations, temperatures, and pressures.", "Respond to problems by adjusting control room equipment or instructing other personnel to adjust equipment at problem locations or in other control areas.", "Record instrument readings and operational changes in operating logs.", "Adjust valves and equipment to obtain specified performance.", "Move controls and turn valves to start compressor engines, pumps, and auxiliary equipment." ], "topSkills": [ "Facilities management software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software", "Electronic mail software", "Word processing software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Production and Processing", "Mechanical", "Public Safety and Security", "Administration and Management", "Chemistry" ] }, { "slug": "gas-plant-operators", "socCode": "51-8092", "title": "Gas Plant Operators", "category": "production", "riskScore": 63, "freyOsborneProb": 0.78, "employment": 15910, "medianWage": 83400, "wage10th": 59040, "wage90th": 109350, "projectedGrowthPct": -8.8, "genaiExposure": 42, "topRiskFactors": [ "Smart factory scheduling and production optimization", "Predictive maintenance reducing manual inspection roles", "Automated CNC programming and machine operation", "Cobots handling repetitive material handling tasks" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Troubleshooting complex equipment malfunctions", "Coordinating workflow across diverse production teams", "Setup and calibration of custom production runs" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 51 }, { "title": "Electrical Power-Line Installers and Repairers", "slug": "electrical-power-line-installers-and-repairers", "riskScore": 28, "medianWage": 92560, "skillsOverlap": 55 }, { "title": "Architects, Except Landscape and Naval", "slug": "architects-except-landscape-and-naval", "riskScore": 29, "medianWage": 96690, "skillsOverlap": 53 } ], "topTasks": [ "Monitor equipment functioning, observe temperature, level, and flow gauges, and perform regular unit checks to ensure that all equipment is operating as it should.", "Distribute or process gas for utility companies or industrial plants, using panel boards, control boards, and semi-automatic equipment.", "Control operation of compressors, scrubbers, evaporators, and refrigeration equipment to liquefy, compress, or regasify natural gas.", "Control equipment to regulate flow and pressure of gas to feedlines of boilers, furnaces, and related steam-generating or heating equipment.", "Record, review, and compile operations records, test results, and gauge readings such as temperatures, pressures, concentrations, and flows." ], "topSkills": [ "Analytical or scientific software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software", "Electronic mail software", "Presentation software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Public Safety and Security", "Mechanical", "English Language", "Computers and Electronics", "Mathematics" ] }, { "slug": "general-and-operations-managers", "socCode": "11-1021", "title": "General and Operations Managers", "category": "management", "riskScore": 39, "freyOsborneProb": 0.16, "employment": 3584420, "medianWage": 102950, "wage10th": 47420, "wage90th": 0, "projectedGrowthPct": 4.4, "genaiExposure": 88, "topRiskFactors": [ "Chatbot-based employee self-service reducing HR management", "AI-driven 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98340, "skillsOverlap": 77 } ], "topTasks": [ "Analyze records, reports, test results, or examination information to diagnose medical condition of patient.", "Treat internal disorders, such as hypertension, heart disease, diabetes, or problems of the lung, brain, kidney, or gastrointestinal tract.", "Prescribe or administer medication, therapy, and other specialized medical care to treat or prevent illness, disease, or injury.", "Manage and treat common health problems, such as infections, influenza or pneumonia, as well as serious, chronic, and complex illnesses, in adolescents, adults, and the elderly.", "Provide and manage long-term, comprehensive medical care, including diagnosis and nonsurgical treatment of diseases, for adult patients in an office or hospital." ], "topSkills": [ "Medical software", "Accounting software", "Electronic mail software", "Information retrieval or search software", "Spreadsheet software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Medicine and Dentistry", "Biology", "Therapy 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"projectedGrowthPct": -5.4, "genaiExposure": 95, "topRiskFactors": [ "Automated data interpretation and insight generation", "Robotic sorting and packing of produce", "AI summarization replacing manual report compilation", "Chatbot displacement of customer-facing interactions" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Operating in unstructured and remote environments", "Managing livestock behavior and welfare", "Sustainable land management judgment calls" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Social Scientists and Related Workers", "slug": "social-scientists-and-related-workers", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 92900, "skillsOverlap": 51 }, { "title": "Occupational Health and Safety Specialists and Technicians", "slug": "occupational-health-and-safety-specialists-and-technicians", "riskScore": 26, "medianWage": 78900, "skillsOverlap": 61 }, { "title": "Supervisors of Farming, Fishing, and Forestry Workers", "slug": "supervisors-of-farming-fishing-and-forestry-workers", "riskScore": 35, "medianWage": 59330, "skillsOverlap": 73 } ], "topTasks": [ "Place products in containers according to grade and mark grades on containers.", "Weigh products or estimate their weight, visually or by feel.", "Discard inferior or defective products or foreign matter, and place acceptable products in containers for further processing.", "Grade and sort products according to factors such as color, species, length, width, appearance, feel, smell, and quality to ensure correct processing and usage.", "Record grade or identification numbers on tags or on shipping, receiving, or sales sheets." ], "topSkills": [ "Data base user interface and query software", "Web platform development software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software", "Electronic mail software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Production and Processing", "English Language", "Mechanical", "Food Production", "Education and Training" ] }, { "slug": "graphic-designers", "socCode": "27-1024", "title": "Graphic Designers", "category": "arts-media", 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"riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 99800, "skillsOverlap": 82 } ], "topTasks": [ "Key information into computer equipment to create layouts for client or supervisor.", "Review final layouts and suggest improvements, as needed.", "Determine size and arrangement of illustrative material and copy, and select style and size of type.", "Develop graphics and layouts for product illustrations, company logos, and Web sites.", "Create designs, concepts, and sample layouts, based on knowledge of layout principles and esthetic design concepts." ], "topSkills": [ "Document management software", "Development environment software", "Video creation and editing software", "Web platform development software", "Graphics or photo imaging software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Design", "Computers and Electronics", "Fine Arts", "Communications and Media", "English Language" ] }, { "slug": "grinding-and-polishing-workers-hand", "socCode": "51-9022", "title": "Grinding and Polishing Workers, Hand", "category": 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"first-line-supervisors-of-transportation-and-material-moving-workers-except-aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 61890, "skillsOverlap": 67 }, { "title": "Fabric and Apparel Patternmakers", "slug": "fabric-and-apparel-patternmakers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 67670, "skillsOverlap": 76 } ], "topTasks": [ "Verify quality of finished workpieces by inspecting them, comparing them to templates, measuring their dimensions, or testing them in working machinery.", "Grind, sand, clean, or polish objects or parts to correct defects or to prepare surfaces for further finishing, using hand tools and power tools.", "Measure and mark equipment, objects, or parts to ensure grinding and polishing standards are met.", "Trim, scrape, or deburr objects or parts, using chisels, scrapers, and other hand tools and equipment.", "Mark defects, such as knotholes, cracks, and splits, for repair." ], "topSkills": [ "Spreadsheet software", "Word processing software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Production and Processing", "Mechanical", "English Language", "Mathematics", "Education and Training" ] }, { "slug": "grinding-lapping-polishing-and-buffing-machine-tool-setters-operators-and-tenders-metal-and-plastic", "socCode": "51-4033", "title": "Grinding, Lapping, Polishing, and Buffing Machine Tool Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic", "category": "production", "riskScore": 69, "freyOsborneProb": 0.95, "employment": 70110, "medianWage": 45190, "wage10th": 34980, "wage90th": 61550, "projectedGrowthPct": -12, "genaiExposure": 10, "topRiskFactors": [ "Industrial robotics replacing manual assembly tasks", "AI quality inspection via computer vision systems", "Cobots handling repetitive material handling tasks", "Smart factory scheduling and production optimization" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Coordinating workflow across diverse production teams", "Troubleshooting complex equipment malfunctions", "Quality judgment requiring tactile and visual inspection" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 63 }, { "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Transportation and Material Moving Workers, Except Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-transportation-and-material-moving-workers-except-aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 61890, "skillsOverlap": 53 }, { "title": "Fabric and Apparel Patternmakers", "slug": "fabric-and-apparel-patternmakers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 67670, "skillsOverlap": 72 } ], "topTasks": [ "Inspect or measure finished workpieces to determine conformance to specifications, using measuring instruments, such as gauges or micrometers.", "Measure workpieces and lay out work, using precision measuring devices.", "Observe machine operations to detect any problems, making necessary adjustments to correct problems.", "Move machine controls to index workpieces, and to adjust 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[ "Tenant and occupant relationship management", "Hands-on troubleshooting of building systems", "Judgment calls on repair vs. replacement decisions", "Physical work in diverse and unstructured environments" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Transportation and Material Moving Workers, Except Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-transportation-and-material-moving-workers-except-aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 61890, "skillsOverlap": 69 }, { "title": "Electrical Power-Line Installers and Repairers", "slug": "electrical-power-line-installers-and-repairers", "riskScore": 28, "medianWage": 92560, "skillsOverlap": 63 }, { "title": "Supervisors of Building and Grounds Cleaning and Maintenance Workers", "slug": "supervisors-of-building-and-grounds-cleaning-and-maintenance-workers", "riskScore": 36, "medianWage": 49990, "skillsOverlap": 77 } ], "topTasks": [], "topSkills": [], "topKnowledge": [] }, { "slug": "grounds-maintenance-workers-all-other", "socCode": "37-3019", "title": "Grounds Maintenance Workers, All Other", "category": "maintenance", "riskScore": 53, "freyOsborneProb": 0.97, "employment": 13580, "medianWage": 43410, "wage10th": 30790, "wage90th": 76090, "projectedGrowthPct": 2.4, "genaiExposure": 35, "topRiskFactors": [ "Remote monitoring reducing on-site maintenance staff", "IoT-based predictive maintenance scheduling", "Automated grounds-keeping and landscaping equipment", "Robotic cleaning and facility maintenance systems" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Judgment calls on repair vs. replacement decisions", "Responding to unpredictable facility emergencies", "Physical work in diverse and unstructured environments", "Tenant and occupant relationship management" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Transportation and Material Moving Workers, Except Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": 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"health-specialties-teachers-postsecondary", "socCode": "25-1071", "title": "Health Specialties Teachers, Postsecondary", "category": "education", "riskScore": 52, "freyOsborneProb": 0.4, "employment": 229720, "medianWage": 105620, "wage10th": 51760, "wage90th": 0, "projectedGrowthPct": 17.3, "genaiExposure": 95, "topRiskFactors": [ "Generative AI producing marketing and creative copy", "AI-powered research and literature review tools", "Automated grading and assessment tools", "Virtual classroom platforms reducing instructor demand" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Mentoring students through personal and academic challenges", "Developing creative and engaging hands-on lessons", "Adapting instruction to individual learning needs in real-time", "Managing classroom dynamics and student behavior" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Dentists, All Other Specialists", "slug": "dentists-all-other-specialists", "riskScore": 13, "medianWage": 225770, "skillsOverlap": 63 }, { "title": "Advertising, 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"topTasks": [ "Document patients' histories, including identifying data, chief complaints, illnesses, previous medical or family histories, or psychosocial characteristics.", "Educate patients about health care management.", "Advise patients about therapeutic exercise and nutritional medicine regimens.", "Conduct physical examinations and physiological function tests for diagnostic purposes.", "Administer, dispense, or prescribe natural medicines, such as food or botanical extracts, herbs, dietary supplements, vitamins, nutraceuticals, and amino acids." ], "topSkills": [ "Medical software", "Accounting software", "Label making software", "Spreadsheet software", "Information retrieval or search software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Medicine and Dentistry", "Biology", "Psychology", "Therapy and Counseling", "Customer and Personal Service" ] }, { "slug": "healthcare-practitioners-and-technical-workers-all-other", "socCode": "29-9099", "title": "Healthcare Practitioners and Technical Workers, 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"medianWage": 98340, "skillsOverlap": 80 } ], "topTasks": [ "Monitor maternal condition during labor by checking vital signs, monitoring uterine contractions, or performing physical examinations.", "Identify tubal and ectopic pregnancies and refer patients for treatments.", "Provide necessary medical care for infants at birth, including emergency care such as resuscitation.", "Conduct ongoing prenatal health assessments, tracking changes in physical and emotional health.", "Monitor fetal growth and well-being through heartbeat detection, body measurement, and palpation." ], "topSkills": [ "Data base user interface and query software", "Electronic mail software", "Enterprise resource planning ERP software", "Enterprise application integration software", "Medical software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "Medicine and Dentistry", "Psychology", "Therapy and Counseling", "English Language" ] }, { "slug": "healthcare-social-workers", "socCode": "21-1022", "title": "Healthcare Social Workers", "category": "community-social", "riskScore": 35, "freyOsborneProb": 0.004, "employment": 185940, "medianWage": 68090, "wage10th": 45030, "wage90th": 100870, "projectedGrowthPct": 7.7, "genaiExposure": 78, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI translation and accessibility tools reducing interpreter needs", "AI-powered research and literature review tools", "AI-generated written content replacing manual drafting" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Cultural sensitivity in diverse community contexts", "Navigating complex family and community dynamics", "Deep empathetic engagement with vulnerable populations", "Advocacy and relationship-building with institutions" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Social Workers, All Other", "slug": "social-workers-all-other", "riskScore": 22, "medianWage": 69480, "skillsOverlap": 71 }, { "title": "Dentists, All Other Specialists", "slug": "dentists-all-other-specialists", "riskScore": 13, "medianWage": 225770, "skillsOverlap": 54 }, { "title": "Substance Abuse, Behavioral Disorder, and Mental Health Counselors", "slug": "substance-abuse-behavioral-disorder-and-mental-health-counselors", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 59190, "skillsOverlap": 74 } ], "topTasks": [ "Advocate for clients or patients to resolve crises.", "Educate clients about end-of-life symptoms and options to assist them in making informed decisions.", "Collaborate with other professionals to evaluate patients' medical or physical condition and to assess client needs.", "Refer patient, client, or family to community resources to assist in recovery from mental or physical illness and to provide access to services such as financial assistance, legal aid, housing, job placement or education.", "Utilize consultation data and social work experience to plan and coordinate client or patient care and rehabilitation, following through to ensure service efficacy." ], "topSkills": [ "Desktop publishing software", "Medical software", "Calendar and scheduling software", 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"Occupational Therapy and Physical Therapist Assistants and Aides", "slug": "occupational-therapy-and-physical-therapist-assistants-and-aides", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 61730, "skillsOverlap": 84 }, { "title": "Dentists, All Other Specialists", "slug": "dentists-all-other-specialists", "riskScore": 13, "medianWage": 225770, "skillsOverlap": 54 }, { "title": "Social Workers, All Other", "slug": "social-workers-all-other", "riskScore": 22, "medianWage": 69480, "skillsOverlap": 51 } ], "topTasks": [ "Document clients' progress toward meeting established treatment objectives.", "Implement treatment plans or protocols as directed by speech-language pathologists.", "Collect and compile data to document clients' performance or assess program quality.", "Perform support duties, such as preparing materials, keeping records, maintaining supplies, and scheduling activities.", "Assist speech-language pathologists in the remediation or development of speech and language skills." ], "topSkills": [ "Music or sound editing software", "Medical software", "Electronic mail software", "Analytical or scientific software", "Spreadsheet software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "English Language", "Education and Training", "Therapy and Counseling", "Psychology", "Customer and Personal Service" ] }, { "slug": "hearing-aid-specialists", "socCode": "29-2092", "title": "Hearing Aid Specialists", "category": "healthcare", "riskScore": 32, "freyOsborneProb": 0.004, "employment": 10580, "medianWage": 61560, "wage10th": 36950, "wage90th": 91000, "projectedGrowthPct": 18.4, "genaiExposure": 74, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI-powered research and literature review tools", "Chatbot displacement of customer-facing interactions", "AI-assisted diagnostic imaging reducing radiologist workload" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Ethical decision-making in end-of-life situations", "Empathetic patient communication and bedside manner", "Emergency triage requiring rapid human judgment", "Hands-on physical examination and procedures" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Dentists, All Other Specialists", "slug": "dentists-all-other-specialists", "riskScore": 13, "medianWage": 225770, "skillsOverlap": 83 }, { "title": "Dentists, General", "slug": "dentists-general", "riskScore": 24, "medianWage": 172790, "skillsOverlap": 76 }, { "title": "Occupational Therapists", "slug": "occupational-therapists", "riskScore": 28, "medianWage": 98340, "skillsOverlap": 83 } ], "topTasks": [ "Train clients to use hearing aids or other augmentative communication devices.", "Counsel patients and families on communication strategies and the effects of hearing loss.", "Select and administer tests to evaluate hearing or related disabilities.", "Administer basic hearing tests including air conduction, bone conduction, or speech audiometry tests.", "Maintain or repair hearing aids or other communication devices." ], "topSkills": [ "Medical software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software", "Electronic mail software", 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"slug": "supervisors-of-installation-maintenance-and-repair-workers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 78300, "skillsOverlap": 83 } ], "topTasks": [ "Test electrical circuits or components for continuity, using electrical test equipment.", "Comply with all applicable standards, policies, or procedures, such as safety procedures or the maintenance of a clean work area.", "Study blueprints, design specifications, or manufacturers' recommendations to ascertain the configuration of heating or cooling equipment components and to ensure the proper installation of components.", "Discuss heating or cooling system malfunctions with users to isolate problems or to verify that repairs corrected malfunctions.", "Connect heating or air conditioning equipment to fuel, water, or refrigerant source to form complete circuit." ], "topSkills": [ "Document management software", "Industrial control software", "Word processing software", "Computer aided design CAD software", "Facilities management software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Mechanical", "Building and Construction", "Customer and Personal Service", "Engineering and Technology", "Computers and Electronics" ] }, { "slug": "heavy-and-tractor-trailer-truck-drivers", "socCode": "53-3032", "title": "Heavy and Tractor-Trailer Truck Drivers", "category": "transportation", "riskScore": 58, "freyOsborneProb": 0.79, "employment": 2070480, "medianWage": 57440, "wage10th": 38640, "wage90th": 78800, "projectedGrowthPct": 4, "genaiExposure": 48, "topRiskFactors": [ "Autonomous vehicle and self-driving truck technology", "AI traffic management and fleet coordination", "AI route optimization reducing dispatcher roles", "Predictive maintenance reducing manual inspection needs" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Customer interaction and conflict resolution during delivery", "Emergency situation response and quick decision-making", "Navigating complex urban environments with obstacles", "Navigating unpredictable road and weather conditions" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Transportation and Material Moving Workers, Except Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-transportation-and-material-moving-workers-except-aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 61890, "skillsOverlap": 81 }, { "title": "Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 29, "medianWage": 63940, "skillsOverlap": 73 }, { "title": "Air Transportation Workers", "slug": "air-transportation-workers", "riskScore": 31, "medianWage": 106500, "skillsOverlap": 84 } ], "topTasks": [ "Check all load-related documentation for completeness and accuracy.", "Inspect loads to ensure that cargo is secure.", "Check vehicles to ensure that mechanical, safety, and emergency equipment is in good working order.", "Crank trailer landing gear up or down to safely secure vehicles.", "Obtain receipts or signatures for delivered goods and collect payment for services 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"helpers-extraction-workers", "socCode": "47-5081", "title": "Helpers--Extraction Workers", "category": "construction", "riskScore": 41, "freyOsborneProb": 0.37, "employment": 6720, "medianWage": 48400, "wage10th": 35770, "wage90th": 68240, "projectedGrowthPct": -1.7, "genaiExposure": 10, "topRiskFactors": [ "Autonomous heavy equipment operation", "3D printing of building components", "AI project scheduling and resource optimization", "BIM-integrated automated progress tracking" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Real-time safety judgment in hazardous conditions", "Fine motor craftsmanship in custom installations", "Adapting to unique building configurations on-site", "Physical work in confined or elevated spaces" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 67 }, { "title": "Extraction Workers", "slug": "extraction-workers", "riskScore": 29, "medianWage": 56020, "skillsOverlap": 84 }, { "title": "Electricians", "slug": "electricians", "riskScore": 32, "medianWage": 62350, "skillsOverlap": 78 } ], "topTasks": [ "Observe and monitor equipment operation during the extraction process to detect any problems.", "Drive moving equipment to transport materials and parts to excavation sites.", "Unload materials, devices, and machine parts, using hand tools.", "Set up and adjust equipment used to excavate geological materials.", "Organize materials to prepare for use." ], "topSkills": [ "Enterprise resource planning ERP software", "Word processing software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software", "Electronic mail software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Mechanical", "English Language", "Transportation", "Mathematics", "Administration and Management" ] }, { "slug": "helpers-installation-maintenance-and-repair-workers", "socCode": "49-9098", "title": "Helpers--Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Workers", "category": "repair", "riskScore": 51, "freyOsborneProb": 0.79, "employment": 97540, "medianWage": 38860, 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"supervisors-of-installation-maintenance-and-repair-workers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 78300, "skillsOverlap": 81 } ], "topTasks": [ "Install or replace machinery, equipment, and new or replacement parts and instruments, using hand or power tools.", "Examine and test machinery, equipment, components, and parts for defects to ensure proper functioning.", "Tend and observe equipment and machinery to verify efficient and safe operation.", "Adjust, connect, or disconnect wiring, piping, tubing, and other parts, using hand or power tools.", "Clean or lubricate vehicles, machinery, equipment, instruments, tools, work areas, and other objects, using hand tools, power tools, and cleaning equipment." ], "topSkills": [ "Word processing software", "Industrial control software", "Computer aided design CAD software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Facilities management software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Mechanical", "Building and Construction", "Customer and Personal Service", 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"Helpers--Pipelayers, Plumbers, Pipefitters, and Steamfitters", "category": "construction", "riskScore": 46, "freyOsborneProb": 0.57, "employment": 43640, "medianWage": 39270, "wage10th": 31050, "wage90th": 54860, "projectedGrowthPct": 4.9, "genaiExposure": 10, "topRiskFactors": [ "Robotic bricklaying and prefabrication automation", "Drone-based site surveying and inspection", "AI project scheduling and resource optimization", "Autonomous heavy equipment operation" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Navigating unpredictable and unstructured job sites", "Physical work in confined or elevated spaces", "Fine motor craftsmanship in custom installations", "Real-time safety judgment in hazardous conditions" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 57 }, { "title": "Extraction Workers", "slug": "extraction-workers", "riskScore": 29, "medianWage": 56020, "skillsOverlap": 79 }, { "title": "Electricians", "slug": "electricians", "riskScore": 32, "medianWage": 62350, "skillsOverlap": 73 } ], "topTasks": [ "Measure, cut, thread and assemble new pipe, placing the assembled pipe in hangers or other supports.", "Cut or drill holes in walls or floors to accommodate the passage of pipes.", "Perform rough-ins, repair and replace fixtures and water heaters, and locate, repair, or remove leaking or broken pipes.", "Assist pipe fitters in the layout, assembly, and installation of piping for air, ammonia, gas, and water systems.", "Cut pipe and lift up to fitters." ], "topSkills": [ "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software", "Word processing software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Building and Construction", "Customer and Personal Service", "Mechanical", "Mathematics", "English Language" ] }, { "slug": "helpers-production-workers", "socCode": "51-9198", "title": "Helpers--Production Workers", "category": "production", "riskScore": 64, "freyOsborneProb": 0.66, "employment": 167490, "medianWage": 38220, "wage10th": 30060, "wage90th": 52120, "projectedGrowthPct": -8.9, "genaiExposure": 42, "topRiskFactors": [ "Industrial robotics replacing manual assembly tasks", "Predictive maintenance reducing manual inspection roles", "Smart factory scheduling and production optimization", "AI quality inspection via computer vision systems" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Coordinating workflow across diverse production teams", "Setup and calibration of custom production runs", "Handling non-standard materials and configurations" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 53 }, { "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Transportation and Material Moving Workers, Except Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-transportation-and-material-moving-workers-except-aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 61890, "skillsOverlap": 63 }, { "title": "Fabric and Apparel Patternmakers", "slug": "fabric-and-apparel-patternmakers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 67670, "skillsOverlap": 77 } ], "topTasks": [ "Load and unload items from machines, conveyors, and conveyances.", "Operate machinery used in the production process, or assist machine operators.", "Place products in equipment or on work surfaces for further processing, inspecting, or wrapping.", "Examine products to verify conformance to quality standards.", "Start machines or equipment to begin production processes." ], "topSkills": [ "Document management software", "Desktop publishing software", "Graphics or photo imaging software", "Computer aided design CAD software", "Enterprise resource planning ERP software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Mechanical", "Production and Processing", "Mathematics", "English Language", "Public Safety and Security" ] }, { "slug": "helpers-roofers", "socCode": "47-3016", "title": "Helpers--Roofers", "category": "construction", "riskScore": 50, "freyOsborneProb": 0.72, "employment": 5170, 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judgment in hazardous conditions", "Adapting to unique building configurations on-site", "Fine motor craftsmanship in custom installations", "Physical work in confined or elevated spaces" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 59 }, { "title": "Extraction Workers", "slug": "extraction-workers", "riskScore": 29, "medianWage": 56020, "skillsOverlap": 76 }, { "title": "Electricians", "slug": "electricians", "riskScore": 32, "medianWage": 62350, "skillsOverlap": 70 } ], "topTasks": [], "topSkills": [], "topKnowledge": [] }, { "slug": "helpers-construction-trades-all-other", "socCode": "47-3019", "title": "Helpers, Construction Trades, All Other", "category": "construction", "riskScore": 49, "freyOsborneProb": 0.83, "employment": 25510, "medianWage": 40760, "wage10th": 31200, "wage90th": 59280, "projectedGrowthPct": 4.4, "genaiExposure": 35, "topRiskFactors": [ "Robotic bricklaying and prefabrication 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"skillsOverlap": 79 }, { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 61 } ], "topTasks": [ "Prepare course materials, such as syllabi, homework assignments, and handouts.", "Prepare and deliver lectures to undergraduate or graduate students on topics such as ancient history, postwar civilizations, and the history of third-world countries.", "Initiate, facilitate, and moderate classroom discussions.", "Keep abreast of developments in the field by reading current literature, talking with colleagues, and participating in professional conferences.", "Conduct research in a particular field of knowledge and publish findings in professional journals, books, or electronic media." ], "topSkills": [ "Computer based training software", "Calendar and scheduling software", "Word processing software", "Data base user 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[ { "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Transportation and Material Moving Workers, Except Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-transportation-and-material-moving-workers-except-aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 61890, "skillsOverlap": 76 }, { "title": "Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 29, "medianWage": 63940, "skillsOverlap": 83 }, { "title": "Air Transportation Workers", "slug": "air-transportation-workers", "riskScore": 31, "medianWage": 106500, "skillsOverlap": 79 } ], "topTasks": [ "Move levers, pedals, and throttles to stop, start, and regulate speeds of hoist or winch drums in response to hand, bell, buzzer, telephone, loud-speaker, or whistle signals, or by observing dial indicators or cable marks.", "Start engines of hoists or winches and use levers and pedals to wind or unwind cable on drums.", "Observe equipment gauges and indicators and 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"transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Occupational Therapy and Physical Therapist Assistants and Aides", "slug": "occupational-therapy-and-physical-therapist-assistants-and-aides", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 61730, "skillsOverlap": 78 }, { "title": "Dentists, All Other Specialists", "slug": "dentists-all-other-specialists", "riskScore": 13, "medianWage": 225770, "skillsOverlap": 58 }, { "title": "Social Workers, All Other", "slug": "social-workers-all-other", "riskScore": 22, "medianWage": 69480, "skillsOverlap": 55 } ], "topTasks": [], "topSkills": [], "topKnowledge": [] }, { "slug": "hosts-and-hostesses-restaurant-lounge-and-coffee-shop", "socCode": "35-9031", "title": "Hosts and Hostesses, Restaurant, Lounge, and Coffee Shop", "category": "food-service", "riskScore": 69, "freyOsborneProb": 0.97, "employment": 427150, "medianWage": 30380, "wage10th": 22010, "wage90th": 42600, "projectedGrowthPct": -1.5, "genaiExposure": 53, "topRiskFactors": [ "Automated food preparation and cooking 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so that servers receive an appropriate number of seatings.", "Greet guests and seat them at tables or in waiting areas.", "Answer telephone calls and respond to inquiries or transfer calls.", "Operate cash registers to accept payments for food and beverages." ], "topSkills": [ "Data base user interface and query software", "Web page creation and editing software", "Point of sale POS software", "Calendar and scheduling software", "Spreadsheet software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "English Language", "Food Production", "Sales and Marketing", "Mathematics" ] }, { "slug": "hotel-motel-and-resort-desk-clerks", "socCode": "43-4081", "title": "Hotel, Motel, and Resort Desk Clerks", "category": "office-admin", "riskScore": 70, "freyOsborneProb": 0.94, "employment": 261430, "medianWage": 34270, "wage10th": 26600, "wage90th": 44720, "projectedGrowthPct": 3.7, "genaiExposure": 76, "topRiskFactors": [ "Large language model automation of analysis tasks", "Automated invoice 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"genaiExposure": 95, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI summarization replacing manual report compilation", "AI-generated written content replacing manual drafting", "Intelligent document processing and OCR automation", "Chatbot displacement of customer-facing interactions", "AI coding assistants reducing developer demand" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Coordinating complex multi-party events and logistics", "Building trust-based relationships with executives", "Managing sensitive interpersonal workplace situations" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Supervisors of Office and Administrative Support Workers", "slug": "supervisors-of-office-and-administrative-support-workers", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 66140, "skillsOverlap": 82 }, { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 51 }, { "title": "Lawyers, Judges, and Related 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"medianWage": 78900, "skillsOverlap": 78 } ], "topTasks": [ "Analyze ecological data about the impact of pollution, erosion, floods, and other environmental problems on bodies of water.", "Answer technical questions from hydrologists, policymakers, or other customers developing water conservation plans.", "Apply research findings to minimize the environmental impacts of pollution, waterborne diseases, erosion, or sedimentation.", "Assist in designing programs to ensure the proper sealing of abandoned wells.", "Collect water and soil samples to test for physical, chemical, or biological properties, such as pH, oxygen level, temperature, and pollution." ], "topSkills": [ "Document management software", "Analytical or scientific software", "Electronic mail software", "Geographic information system", "Data base user interface and query software" ], "topKnowledge": [] }, { "slug": "hydrologists", "socCode": "19-2043", "title": "Hydrologists", "category": "science", "riskScore": 33, 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"medianWage": 139380, "skillsOverlap": 76 } ], "topTasks": [ "Prepare written and oral reports describing research results, using illustrations, maps, appendices, and other information.", "Design and conduct scientific hydrogeological investigations to ensure that accurate and appropriate information is available for use in water resource management decisions.", "Measure and graph phenomena such as lake levels, stream flows, and changes in water volumes.", "Conduct research and communicate information to promote the conservation and preservation of water resources.", "Coordinate and supervise the work of professional and technical staff, including research assistants, technologists, and technicians." ], "topSkills": [ "Computer aided design CAD software", "Graphics or photo imaging software", "Analytical or scientific software", "Object or component oriented development software", "Data base user interface and query software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Mathematics", "Physics", "Engineering 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"social-scientists-and-related-workers", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 92900, "skillsOverlap": 57 }, { "title": "Architects, Except Landscape and Naval", "slug": "architects-except-landscape-and-naval", "riskScore": 29, "medianWage": 96690, "skillsOverlap": 76 } ], "topTasks": [ "Test selected products at specified stages in the production process for performance characteristics or adherence to specifications.", "Compile and evaluate statistical data to determine and maintain quality and reliability of products.", "Study time, motion, methods, or speed involved in maintenance, production, or other operations to establish standard production rate or improve efficiency.", "Read worker logs, product processing sheets, or specification sheets to verify that records adhere to quality assurance specifications.", "Verify that equipment is being operated and maintained according to quality assurance standards by observing worker performance." ], "topSkills": [ "Materials requirements planning 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review" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 73 }, { "title": "Electronics Engineers, Except Computer", "slug": "electronics-engineers-except-computer", "riskScore": 29, "medianWage": 127590, "skillsOverlap": 70 }, { "title": "Chemical Engineers", "slug": "chemical-engineers", "riskScore": 30, "medianWage": 121860, "skillsOverlap": 83 } ], "topTasks": [ "Estimate production costs, cost saving methods, and the effects of product design changes on expenditures for management review, action, and control.", "Plan and establish sequence of operations to fabricate and assemble parts or products and to promote efficient utilization.", "Analyze statistical data and product specifications to determine standards and establish quality and reliability objectives of finished product.", "Confer with clients, vendors, staff, and management personnel regarding purchases, product and production specifications, 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adjust parts, equipment, or machinery.", "Disassemble machinery or equipment to remove parts and make repairs.", "Reassemble equipment after completion of inspections, testing, or repairs." ], "topSkills": [ "Industrial control software", "Computer aided design CAD software", "Computer aided manufacturing CAM software", "Inventory management software", "Facilities management software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Mechanical", "English Language", "Production and Processing", "Engineering and Technology", "Design" ] }, { "slug": "industrial-production-managers", "socCode": "11-3051", "title": "Industrial Production Managers", "category": "management", "riskScore": 33, "freyOsborneProb": 0.03, "employment": 234380, "medianWage": 121440, "wage10th": 74900, "wage90th": 197310, "projectedGrowthPct": 1.9, "genaiExposure": 68, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI coding assistants reducing developer demand", "Automated performance analytics and reporting", "AI strategic decision-support dashboards" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Strategic vision-setting in uncertain markets", "Navigating complex interpersonal and political dynamics", "Inspiring and leading teams through organizational change", "Conflict resolution and mediation across departments" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 79 }, { "title": "Architectural and Engineering Managers", "slug": "architectural-and-engineering-managers", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 167740, "skillsOverlap": 80 }, { "title": "Fundraising Managers", "slug": "fundraising-managers", "riskScore": 24, "medianWage": 123480, "skillsOverlap": 78 } ], "topTasks": [ "Set and monitor product standards, examining samples of raw products or directing testing during processing, to ensure finished products are of prescribed quality.", "Direct or coordinate production, processing, distribution, or marketing activities of industrial organizations.", "Review processing schedules or production orders to make decisions concerning inventory requirements, staffing requirements, work procedures, or duty assignments, considering budgetary limitations and time constraints.", "Review operations and confer with technical or administrative staff to resolve production or processing problems.", "Hire, train, evaluate, or discharge staff or resolve personnel grievances." ], "topSkills": [ "Facilities management software", "Document management software", "Video creation and editing software", "Desktop publishing software", "Graphics or photo imaging software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Production and Processing", "Mechanical", "Administration and Management", "Engineering and Technology", "Education and Training" ] }, { "slug": "industrial-truck-and-tractor-operators", "socCode": "53-7051", "title": "Industrial Truck and Tractor Operators", "category": 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}, { "title": "Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 29, "medianWage": 63940, "skillsOverlap": 71 }, { "title": "Air Transportation Workers", "slug": "air-transportation-workers", "riskScore": 31, "medianWage": 106500, "skillsOverlap": 82 } ], "topTasks": [ "Move levers or controls that operate lifting devices, such as forklifts, lift beams with swivel-hooks, hoists, or elevating platforms, to load, unload, transport, or stack material.", "Move controls to drive gasoline- or electric-powered trucks, cars, or tractors and transport materials between loading, processing, and storage areas.", "Manually or mechanically load or unload materials from pallets, skids, platforms, cars, lifting devices, or other transport vehicles.", "Position lifting devices under, over, or around loaded pallets, skids, or boxes and secure material or products for transport to designated areas.", "Inspect product load for accuracy and safely move it 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to assess skills, abilities, and interests for the purpose of employee selection, placement, or promotion.", "Observe and interview workers to obtain information about the physical, mental, and educational requirements of jobs, as well as information about aspects such as job satisfaction." ], "topSkills": [ "Document management software", "Analytical or scientific software", "Spreadsheet software", "Human resources software", "Web platform development software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Personnel and Human Resources", "Psychology", "Education and Training", "Administration and Management", "Mathematics" ] }, { "slug": "information-and-record-clerks", "socCode": "43-4000", "title": "Information and Record Clerks", "category": "office-admin", "riskScore": 40, "freyOsborneProb": 0.4, "employment": 5311310, "medianWage": 41600, "wage10th": 29990, "wage90th": 62190, "projectedGrowthPct": -3.8, "genaiExposure": 35, "topRiskFactors": [ "Intelligent document processing and OCR automation", "Smart 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"topKnowledge": [] }, { "slug": "information-and-record-clerks-all-other", "socCode": "43-4199", "title": "Information and Record Clerks, All Other", "category": "office-admin", "riskScore": 36, "freyOsborneProb": 0.4, "employment": 143910, "medianWage": 48360, "wage10th": 34170, "wage90th": 68850, "projectedGrowthPct": -0.2, "genaiExposure": 35, "topRiskFactors": [ "Intelligent document processing and OCR automation", "Automated invoice and expense processing", "Robotic process automation of data entry workflows" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Exercising discretion in ambiguous administrative decisions", "Coordinating complex multi-party events and logistics", "Handling confidential and politically sensitive information", "Building trust-based relationships with executives" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Supervisors of Office and Administrative Support Workers", "slug": "supervisors-of-office-and-administrative-support-workers", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 66140, "skillsOverlap": 71 }, { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 65 }, { "title": "Lawyers, Judges, and Related Workers", "slug": "lawyers-judges-and-related-workers", "riskScore": 17, "medianWage": 144040, "skillsOverlap": 63 } ], "topTasks": [], "topSkills": [], "topKnowledge": [] }, { "slug": "information-security-analysts", "socCode": "15-1212", "title": "Information Security Analysts", "category": "technology", "riskScore": 42, "freyOsborneProb": 0.21, "employment": 179430, "medianWage": 124910, "wage10th": 69660, "wage90th": 186420, "projectedGrowthPct": 28.5, "genaiExposure": 84, "topRiskFactors": [ "Generative AI producing marketing and creative copy", "AI pair-programming and code generation tools", "Chatbot displacement of customer-facing interactions", "AI-powered research and literature review tools" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Ethical AI oversight and bias auditing", "Cross-functional collaboration on ambiguous problems", "Stakeholder negotiation and requirements elicitation", "Crisis debugging of complex production incidents" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 57 }, { "title": "Mathematicians", "slug": "mathematicians", "riskScore": 24, "medianWage": 121680, "skillsOverlap": 71 }, { "title": "Computer and Information Research Scientists", "slug": "computer-and-information-research-scientists", "riskScore": 30, "medianWage": 140910, "skillsOverlap": 84 } ], "topTasks": [ "Develop plans to safeguard computer files against accidental or unauthorized modification, destruction, or disclosure and to meet emergency data processing needs.", "Monitor current reports of computer viruses to determine when to update virus protection systems.", "Encrypt data transmissions and erect firewalls to conceal confidential information as it is being transmitted and to keep out tainted digital transfers.", "Perform risk assessments and execute tests of data processing system to ensure functioning of data processing activities and security measures.", "Modify computer security files to incorporate new software, correct errors, or change individual access status." ], "topSkills": [ "Word processing software", "Access software", "Network monitoring software", "Internet directory services software", "Development environment software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Computers and Electronics", "English Language", "Administration and Management", "Engineering and Technology", "Telecommunications" ] }, { "slug": "inspectors-testers-sorters-samplers-and-weighers", "socCode": "51-9061", "title": "Inspectors, Testers, Sorters, Samplers, and Weighers", "category": "production", "riskScore": 68, "freyOsborneProb": 0.98, "employment": 591180, "medianWage": 47460, "wage10th": 34590, "wage90th": 75510, "projectedGrowthPct": 0, "genaiExposure": 63, "topRiskFactors": [ "Automated data interpretation and insight generation", "Industrial robotics replacing manual assembly tasks", "Large language model automation of analysis tasks", "AI summarization replacing manual report compilation" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Troubleshooting complex equipment malfunctions", "Quality judgment requiring tactile and visual inspection", "Setup and calibration of custom production runs" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 61 }, { "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Transportation and Material Moving Workers, Except Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-transportation-and-material-moving-workers-except-aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 61890, "skillsOverlap": 51 }, { "title": "Fabric and Apparel Patternmakers", "slug": "fabric-and-apparel-patternmakers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 67670, "skillsOverlap": 70 } ], "topTasks": [ "Discard or reject products, materials, or equipment not meeting specifications.", "Mark items with details, such as grade or acceptance-rejection status.", "Measure dimensions of products to verify conformance to specifications, using measuring instruments, such as rulers, calipers, gauges, or micrometers.", "Notify supervisors or other personnel of production problems.", "Inspect, test, or measure materials, products, installations, or work for conformance to specifications." ], "topSkills": [ "Data base management system software", "Content workflow software", "Computer aided design CAD software", "Computer aided manufacturing CAM software", "Industrial control software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Production and Processing", "English Language", "Customer and Personal Service", "Mechanical", "Mathematics" ] }, { "slug": "installation-maintenance-and-repair-workers-all-other", "socCode": "49-9099", "title": "Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Workers, All Other", "category": "repair", "riskScore": 62, "freyOsborneProb": 0.94, "employment": 183690, "medianWage": 48640, "wage10th": 35270, "wage90th": 77150, "projectedGrowthPct": 2.4, "genaiExposure": 53, "topRiskFactors": [ "Augmented reality-guided remote diagnostics", "Predictive maintenance AI reducing reactive repair needs", "AI parts inventory and supply chain optimization", "Automated fault detection via IoT sensor networks" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Diagnosing novel equipment failures through physical inspection", "Customer communication about technical issues", "Hands-on fine motor work in intricate machinery" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 69 }, { "title": "Electrical Power-Line Installers and Repairers", "slug": "electrical-power-line-installers-and-repairers", "riskScore": 28, "medianWage": 92560, "skillsOverlap": 83 }, { "title": "Supervisors of Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Workers", "slug": "supervisors-of-installation-maintenance-and-repair-workers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 78300, "skillsOverlap": 73 } ], "topTasks": [ "Monitor and adjust operations of geothermal power plant equipment or systems.", "Prepare and maintain logs, reports, or other documentation of work performed.", "Identify and correct malfunctions of geothermal plant equipment, electrical systems, instrumentation, or controls.", "Collect and record data associated with operating geothermal power plants or well fields.", "Determine whether emergency or auxiliary systems will be needed to keep properties heated or cooled in extreme weather conditions." ], "topSkills": [ "Computer aided design CAD software", "Analytical or scientific software", "Industrial control software", "Electronic mail software", "Geographic information system" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Mechanical", "English Language", "Physics", "Education and Training", "Public Safety and Security" ] }, { "slug": "instructional-coordinators", "socCode": "25-9031", "title": "Instructional Coordinators", "category": "education", "riskScore": 34, "freyOsborneProb": 0.004, "employment": 210850, "medianWage": 74720, "wage10th": 46560, "wage90th": 115410, "projectedGrowthPct": 1.3, "genaiExposure": 81, "topRiskFactors": [ "Automated data interpretation and insight generation", "Virtual classroom platforms reducing instructor demand", "AI summarization replacing manual report compilation" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Mentoring students through personal and academic challenges", "Inspiring and motivating students through personal connection", "Developing creative and engaging hands-on lessons", "Adapting instruction to individual learning needs in real-time" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Postsecondary Teachers", "slug": "postsecondary-teachers", "riskScore": 22, "medianWage": 81600, "skillsOverlap": 84 }, { "title": "Postsecondary Teachers, All Other", "slug": "postsecondary-teachers-all-other", "riskScore": 22, "medianWage": 78490, "skillsOverlap": 84 }, { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 61 } ], "topTasks": [ "Observe work of teaching staff to evaluate performance and to recommend changes that could strengthen teaching skills.", "Plan and conduct teacher training programs and conferences dealing with new classroom procedures, instructional materials and equipment, and teaching aids.", "Interpret and enforce provisions of state education codes and rules and regulations of state education boards.", "Conduct or participate in workshops, committees, and conferences designed to promote the intellectual, social, and physical welfare of students.", "Advise teaching and administrative staff in curriculum development, use of materials and equipment, and implementation of state and federal programs and procedures." ], "topSkills": [ "Document management software", "Development environment software", "Video creation and editing software", "Computer based training software", "Network conferencing software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Education and Training", "English Language", "Administration and Management", "Mathematics", "Computers and Electronics" ] }, { "slug": "insulation-workers-floor-ceiling-and-wall", "socCode": "47-2131", "title": "Insulation Workers, Floor, Ceiling, and Wall", "category": "construction", "riskScore": 53, "freyOsborneProb": 0.83, "employment": 38610, "medianWage": 48680, "wage10th": 35950, "wage90th": 77160, "projectedGrowthPct": 3.8, "genaiExposure": 10, "topRiskFactors": [ "Autonomous heavy equipment operation", "AI project scheduling and resource optimization", "3D printing of building components", "Drone-based site surveying and inspection" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Physical work in confined or elevated spaces", "Navigating unpredictable and unstructured job sites", "Real-time safety judgment in hazardous conditions", "Fine motor craftsmanship in custom installations" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 51 }, { "title": "Extraction Workers", "slug": "extraction-workers", "riskScore": 29, "medianWage": 56020, "skillsOverlap": 78 }, { "title": "Electricians", "slug": "electricians", "riskScore": 32, "medianWage": 62350, "skillsOverlap": 72 } ], "topTasks": [ "Measure and cut insulation for covering surfaces, using tape measures, handsaws, power saws, knives, or scissors.", "Fit, wrap, staple, or glue insulating materials to structures or surfaces, using hand tools or wires.", "Cover and line structures with blown or rolled forms of materials to insulate against cold, heat, or moisture, using saws, knives, rasps, trowels, blowers, or other tools and implements.", "Distribute insulating materials evenly into small spaces within floors, ceilings, or walls, using blowers and hose attachments, or cement mortars.", "Move controls, buttons, or levers to start blowers and regulate flow of materials through nozzles." ], "topSkills": [ "Data base user interface and query software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software", "Electronic mail software", "Operating system software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Building and Construction", "Customer and Personal Service", "Mechanical", "English Language", "Administration and Management" ] }, { "slug": "insulation-workers-mechanical", "socCode": "47-2132", "title": "Insulation Workers, Mechanical", "category": "construction", "riskScore": 46, "freyOsborneProb": 0.64, "employment": 25640, "medianWage": 57250, "wage10th": 39450, "wage90th": 94110, "projectedGrowthPct": 4.7, "genaiExposure": 10, "topRiskFactors": [ "Autonomous 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equipment, pipes, ductwork, or other mechanical systems such as heat exchangers, tanks, and vessels, to help control noise and maintain temperatures.", "Select appropriate insulation, such as fiberglass, Styrofoam, or cork, based on the heat retaining or excluding characteristics of the material.", "Fit insulation around obstructions, and shape insulating materials and protective coverings as required.", "Determine the amounts and types of insulation needed, and methods of installation, based on factors such as location, surface shape, and equipment use." ], "topSkills": [ "Data base user interface and query software", "Enterprise resource planning ERP software", "Analytical or scientific software", "Project management software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Building and Construction", "Customer and Personal Service", "Mechanical", "Administration and Management", "Education and Training" ] }, { "slug": "insurance-appraisers-auto-damage", "socCode": "13-1032", "title": "Insurance Appraisers, 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"riskScore": 17, "medianWage": 144040, "skillsOverlap": 65 }, { "title": "Business Operations Specialists", "slug": "business-operations-specialists", "riskScore": 28, "medianWage": 80410, "skillsOverlap": 78 } ], "topTasks": [ "Evaluate practicality of repair as opposed to payment of market value of vehicle before accident.", "Review repair cost estimates with automobile repair shop to secure agreement on cost of repairs.", "Examine damaged vehicle to determine extent of structural, body, mechanical, electrical, or interior damage.", "Prepare insurance forms to indicate repair cost estimates and recommendations.", "Estimate parts and labor to repair damage, using standard automotive labor and parts cost manuals and knowledge of automotive repair." ], "topSkills": [ "Graphics or photo imaging software", "Document management software", "Project management software", "Compiler and decompiler software", "Electronic mail software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "English Language", "Computers and Electronics", "Mechanical", "Administrative" ] }, { "slug": "insurance-claims-and-policy-processing-clerks", "socCode": "43-9041", "title": "Insurance Claims and Policy Processing Clerks", "category": "office-admin", "riskScore": 76, "freyOsborneProb": 0.98, "employment": 229070, "medianWage": 48450, "wage10th": 36900, "wage90th": 73100, "projectedGrowthPct": -3.7, "genaiExposure": 86, "topRiskFactors": [ "Robotic process automation of data entry workflows", "AI-generated written content replacing manual drafting", "Chatbot displacement of customer-facing interactions", "Smart form extraction replacing manual data processing", "Generative AI producing marketing and creative copy" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Exercising discretion in ambiguous administrative decisions", "Coordinating complex multi-party events and logistics", "Handling confidential and politically sensitive information" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Supervisors of Office and Administrative Support Workers", "slug": "supervisors-of-office-and-administrative-support-workers", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 66140, "skillsOverlap": 76 }, { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 65 }, { "title": "Lawyers, Judges, and Related Workers", "slug": "lawyers-judges-and-related-workers", "riskScore": 17, "medianWage": 144040, "skillsOverlap": 63 } ], "topTasks": [ "Prepare insurance claim forms or related documents, and review them for completeness.", "Calculate amount of claim.", "Post or attach information to claim file.", "Transmit claims for payment or further investigation.", "Contact insured or other involved persons to obtain missing information." ], "topSkills": [ "Accounting software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Instant messaging software", "Medical software", "Electronic mail software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "Administrative", "English Language", "Computers and Electronics", "Mathematics" ] }, { "slug": "insurance-sales-agents", "socCode": "41-3021", "title": "Insurance Sales Agents", "category": "sales", "riskScore": 63, "freyOsborneProb": 0.92, "employment": 469480, "medianWage": 60370, "wage10th": 36390, "wage90th": 135660, "projectedGrowthPct": 3.7, "genaiExposure": 70, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI-powered product recommendation engines", "Chatbot and virtual assistant sales displacement", "E-commerce automation reducing in-store sales staff", "Dynamic pricing algorithms replacing pricing roles" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Building long-term client relationships and trust", "Consultative selling for complex or high-value products", "Reading customer emotional cues and adapting approach" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 59 }, { "title": "Education Administrators, All Other", "slug": "education-administrators-all-other", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 89040, "skillsOverlap": 69 }, { "title": "Architectural and Engineering Managers", "slug": "architectural-and-engineering-managers", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 167740, "skillsOverlap": 65 } ], "topTasks": [ "Customize insurance programs to suit individual customers, often covering a variety of risks.", "Sell various types of insurance policies to businesses and individuals on behalf of insurance companies, including automobile, fire, life, property, medical and dental insurance, or specialized policies, such as marine, farm/crop, and medical malpractice.", "Explain features, advantages, and disadvantages of various policies to promote sale of insurance plans.", "Perform administrative tasks, such as maintaining records and handling policy renewals.", "Seek out new clients and develop clientele by networking to find new customers and generate lists of prospective clients." ], "topSkills": [ "Video creation and editing software", "Enterprise resource planning ERP software", "Customer relationship management CRM software", "Document management software", "Financial analysis software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "Sales and Marketing", "English Language", "Mathematics", "Law and Government" ] }, { "slug": "insurance-underwriters", "socCode": "13-2053", "title": "Insurance Underwriters", "category": "business-finance", "riskScore": 74, "freyOsborneProb": 0.99, "employment": 107820, "medianWage": 79880, "wage10th": 51640, "wage90th": 138020, "projectedGrowthPct": -2.6, "genaiExposure": 95, "topRiskFactors": [ "Large language model automation of analysis tasks", "AI-generated written content replacing manual drafting", "Automated data interpretation and insight generation", "Automated tax preparation and compliance tools", "AI-powered research and literature review tools" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Ethical judgment in fiduciary and advisory roles", "Crisis financial decision-making under uncertainty", "Stakeholder management in complex organizational settings" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 61 }, { "title": "Lawyers, Judges, and Related Workers", "slug": "lawyers-judges-and-related-workers", "riskScore": 17, "medianWage": 144040, "skillsOverlap": 59 }, { "title": "Business Operations Specialists", "slug": "business-operations-specialists", "riskScore": 28, "medianWage": 80410, "skillsOverlap": 77 } ], "topTasks": [ "Examine documents to determine degree of risk from factors such as applicant health, financial standing and value, and condition of property.", "Decline excessive risks.", "Write to field representatives, medical personnel, or others to obtain further information, quote rates, or explain company underwriting policies.", "Evaluate possibility of losses due to catastrophe or excessive insurance.", "Review company records to determine amount of insurance in force on single risk or group of closely related risks." ], "topSkills": [ "Enterprise resource planning ERP software", "Object or component oriented development software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Financial analysis software", "Document management software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "English Language", "Customer and Personal Service", "Mathematics", "Sales and Marketing", "Administrative" ] }, { "slug": "interior-designers", "socCode": "27-1025", "title": "Interior Designers", "category": "arts-media", "riskScore": 33, "freyOsborneProb": 0.022, "employment": 69580, "medianWage": 63490, "wage10th": 38480, "wage90th": 106090, "projectedGrowthPct": 3.2, "genaiExposure": 74, "topRiskFactors": [ "Large language model automation of analysis tasks", "Generative AI creating visual art and design assets", "Generative AI producing marketing and creative copy" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Physical artistry and hands-on creative execution", "Emotionally resonant storytelling and narrative craft", "Collaborative creative ideation and brainstorming", "Cultural interpretation and contextual sensitivity" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Artists and Related Workers, All Other", "slug": "artists-and-related-workers-all-other", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 72760, "skillsOverlap": 80 }, { "title": "Fashion Designers", "slug": "fashion-designers", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 80690, "skillsOverlap": 80 }, { "title": "Special Effects Artists and Animators", "slug": "special-effects-artists-and-animators", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 99800, "skillsOverlap": 76 } ], "topTasks": [ "Design plans to be safe and to be compliant with the American Disabilities Act (ADA).", "Use computer-aided drafting (CAD) and related software to produce construction documents.", "Research health and safety code requirements to inform design.", "Confer with client to determine factors affecting planning of interior environments, such as budget, architectural preferences, purpose, and function.", "Advise client on interior design factors, such as space planning, layout and use of furnishings or equipment, and color coordination." ], "topSkills": [ "Computer aided design CAD software", "Document management software", "Graphics or photo imaging software", "Desktop publishing software", "Video creation and editing software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Design", "Customer and Personal Service", "Building and Construction", "English Language", "Sales and Marketing" ] }, { "slug": "interpreters-and-translators", "socCode": "27-3091", "title": "Interpreters and Translators", "category": "arts-media", "riskScore": 48, "freyOsborneProb": 0.38, "employment": 53360, "medianWage": 59440, "wage10th": 35630, "wage90th": 99830, "projectedGrowthPct": 1.7, "genaiExposure": 95, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI music composition and audio production", "Large language model automation of analysis tasks", "Text-to-image tools displacing graphic design work", "AI copywriting tools reducing editorial demand" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Emotionally resonant storytelling and narrative craft", "Original creative vision and artistic direction", "Cultural interpretation and contextual sensitivity", "Physical artistry and hands-on creative execution" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Artists and Related Workers, All Other", "slug": "artists-and-related-workers-all-other", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 72760, "skillsOverlap": 80 }, { "title": "Fashion Designers", "slug": "fashion-designers", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 80690, "skillsOverlap": 80 }, { "title": "Special Effects Artists and Animators", "slug": "special-effects-artists-and-animators", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 99800, "skillsOverlap": 76 } ], "topTasks": [ "Follow ethical codes that protect the confidentiality of information.", "Translate messages simultaneously or consecutively into specified languages, orally or by using hand signs, maintaining message content, context, and style as much as possible.", "Listen to speakers' statements to determine meanings and to prepare translations, using electronic listening systems as necessary.", "Compile terminology and information to be used in translations, including technical terms such as those for legal or medical material.", "Refer to reference materials, such as dictionaries, lexicons, encyclopedias, and computerized terminology banks, as needed to ensure translation accuracy." ], "topSkills": [ "Foreign language software", "Dictionary software", "Web platform development software", "Mobile messaging service software", "Data base user interface and query software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "English Language", "Foreign Language", "Customer and Personal Service", "Education and Training", "Administrative" ] }, { "slug": "interviewers-except-eligibility-and-loan", "socCode": "43-4111", "title": "Interviewers, Except Eligibility and Loan", "category": "office-admin", "riskScore": 85, "freyOsborneProb": 0.94, "employment": 157310, "medianWage": 43830, "wage10th": 31980, "wage90th": 60960, "projectedGrowthPct": -11.6, "genaiExposure": 95, "topRiskFactors": [ "Intelligent document processing and OCR automation", "AI scheduling and calendar management assistants", "Generative AI producing marketing and creative copy", "Large language model automation of analysis tasks", "Robotic process automation of data entry workflows" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Handling confidential and politically sensitive information", "Exercising discretion in ambiguous administrative decisions", "Building trust-based relationships with executives" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Supervisors of Office and Administrative Support Workers", "slug": "supervisors-of-office-and-administrative-support-workers", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 66140, "skillsOverlap": 79 }, { "title": "Education Administrators, All Other", "slug": "education-administrators-all-other", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 89040, "skillsOverlap": 53 }, { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 68 } ], "topTasks": [ "Ask questions in accordance with instructions to obtain various specified information, such as person's name, address, age, religious preference, or state of residency.", "Identify and report problems in obtaining valid data.", "Ensure payment for services by verifying benefits with the person's insurance provider or working out financing options.", "Perform office duties, such as telemarketing or customer service inquiries, maintaining staff records, billing 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"AI-driven building management and energy optimization" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Responding to unpredictable facility emergencies", "Physical work in diverse and unstructured environments", "Judgment calls on repair vs. replacement decisions", "Tenant and occupant relationship management" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Transportation and Material Moving Workers, Except Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-transportation-and-material-moving-workers-except-aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 61890, "skillsOverlap": 53 }, { "title": "Electrical Power-Line Installers and Repairers", "slug": "electrical-power-line-installers-and-repairers", "riskScore": 28, "medianWage": 92560, "skillsOverlap": 67 }, { "title": "Supervisors of Building and Grounds Cleaning and Maintenance Workers", "slug": "supervisors-of-building-and-grounds-cleaning-and-maintenance-workers", "riskScore": 36, "medianWage": 49990, "skillsOverlap": 71 } ], "topTasks": [ "Service, clean, or supply restrooms.", "Gather and empty trash.", "Clean building floors by sweeping, mopping, scrubbing, or vacuuming.", "Monitor building security and safety by performing tasks such as locking doors after operating hours or checking electrical appliance use to ensure that hazards are not created.", "Notify managers concerning the need for major repairs or additions to building operating systems." ], "topSkills": [ "Desktop communications software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software", "Electronic mail software", "Word processing software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Public Safety and Security", "Administration and Management", "English Language", "Customer and Personal Service", "Transportation" ] }, { "slug": "jewelers-and-precious-stone-and-metal-workers", "socCode": "51-9071", "title": "Jewelers and Precious Stone and Metal Workers", "category": "production", "riskScore": 70, "freyOsborneProb": 0.95, "employment": 23420, "medianWage": 49140, "wage10th": 33890, "wage90th": 81610, "projectedGrowthPct": -5.5, "genaiExposure": 61, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI coding assistants reducing developer demand", "Cobots handling repetitive material handling tasks", "Industrial robotics replacing manual assembly tasks", "AI-generated written content replacing manual drafting" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Troubleshooting complex equipment malfunctions", "Quality judgment requiring tactile and visual inspection", "Setup and calibration of custom production runs" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 65 }, { "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Transportation and Material Moving Workers, Except Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-transportation-and-material-moving-workers-except-aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 61890, "skillsOverlap": 55 }, { "title": "Fabric and Apparel Patternmakers", "slug": "fabric-and-apparel-patternmakers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 67670, "skillsOverlap": 74 } ], "topTasks": [ "Position stones and metal pieces, and set, mount, and secure items in place, using setting and hand tools.", "Smooth soldered joints and rough spots, using hand files and emery paper, and polish smoothed areas with polishing wheels or buffing wire.", "Create jewelry from materials such as gold, silver, platinum, and precious or semiprecious stones.", "Make repairs, such as enlarging or reducing ring sizes, soldering pieces of jewelry together, and replacing broken clasps and mountings.", "Clean and polish metal items and jewelry pieces, using jewelers' tools, polishing wheels, and chemical baths." ], "topSkills": [ "Graphics or photo imaging software", "Computer aided design CAD software", "Customer relationship management CRM software", "Accounting software", "Inventory management software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "Production and Processing", "Design", "Mechanical", "English Language" ] }, { "slug": "judges-magistrate-judges-and-magistrates", "socCode": "23-1023", "title": "Judges, Magistrate Judges, and Magistrates", "category": "legal", "riskScore": 43, "freyOsborneProb": 0.4, "employment": 25580, "medianWage": 156210, "wage10th": 46520, "wage90th": 216540, "projectedGrowthPct": 2.5, "genaiExposure": 95, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI coding assistants reducing developer demand", "Generative AI producing marketing and creative copy", "E-discovery AI reducing paralegal review needs", "AI compliance monitoring and regulatory analysis" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Ethical judgment in adversarial situations", "Courtroom advocacy and persuasive oral argument", "Client counseling on sensitive and complex matters", "Nuanced legal strategy in novel or precedent-setting cases" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Lawyers, Judges, and Related Workers", "slug": "lawyers-judges-and-related-workers", "riskScore": 17, "medianWage": 144040, "skillsOverlap": 72 }, { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 69 }, { "title": "Architectural and Engineering Managers", "slug": "architectural-and-engineering-managers", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 167740, "skillsOverlap": 65 } ], "topTasks": [ "Sentence defendants in criminal cases, on conviction by jury, according to applicable government statutes.", "Monitor proceedings to ensure that all applicable rules and procedures are followed.", "Instruct juries on applicable laws, direct juries to deduce the facts from the evidence presented, and hear their verdicts.", "Write decisions on cases.", "Read documents on pleadings and motions to ascertain facts and issues." ], "topSkills": [ "Document management software", "Legal management software", "Electronic mail 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[ { "title": "Lawyers, Judges, and Related Workers", "slug": "lawyers-judges-and-related-workers", "riskScore": 17, "medianWage": 144040, "skillsOverlap": 77 }, { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 69 }, { "title": "Education Administrators, All Other", "slug": "education-administrators-all-other", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 89040, "skillsOverlap": 59 } ], "topTasks": [ "Prepare briefs, legal memoranda, or statements of issues involved in cases, including appropriate suggestions or recommendations.", "Research laws, court decisions, documents, opinions, briefs, or other information related to cases before the court.", "Draft or proofread judicial opinions, decisions, or citations.", "Confer with judges concerning legal questions, construction of documents, or granting of orders.", "Review 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students through personal and academic challenges", "Inspiring and motivating students through personal connection", "Developing creative and engaging hands-on lessons", "Managing classroom dynamics and student behavior" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Postsecondary Teachers", "slug": "postsecondary-teachers", "riskScore": 22, "medianWage": 81600, "skillsOverlap": 73 }, { "title": "Postsecondary Teachers, All Other", "slug": "postsecondary-teachers-all-other", "riskScore": 22, "medianWage": 78490, "skillsOverlap": 73 }, { "title": "Teachers and Instructors, All Other", "slug": "teachers-and-instructors-all-other", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 64690, "skillsOverlap": 71 } ], "topTasks": [ "Establish and enforce rules for behavior and policies and procedures to maintain order among students.", "Prepare children for later grades by encouraging them to explore learning opportunities and to persevere with challenging tasks.", "Instruct students individually and in groups, adapting teaching methods to meet students' varying needs and interests.", "Teach basic skills, such as color, shape, number and letter recognition, personal hygiene, and social skills.", "Demonstrate activities to children." ], "topSkills": [ "Desktop communications software", "Computer based training software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software", "Electronic mail software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Education and Training", "English Language", "Psychology", "Mathematics", "Customer and Personal Service" ] }, { "slug": "labor-relations-specialists", "socCode": "13-1075", "title": "Labor Relations Specialists", "category": "business-finance", "riskScore": 44, "freyOsborneProb": 0.31, "employment": 64590, "medianWage": 93500, "wage10th": 49880, "wage90th": 153440, "projectedGrowthPct": -0.1, "genaiExposure": 87, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI credit scoring and underwriting models", "AI coding assistants reducing developer demand", "AI-driven fraud detection replacing manual review", "Automated 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1.5, "genaiExposure": 18, "topRiskFactors": [ "Drone delivery displacing last-mile logistics workers", "AI traffic management and fleet coordination", "Predictive maintenance reducing manual inspection needs", "AI route optimization reducing dispatcher roles" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Manual loading of irregular and fragile cargo", "Navigating complex urban environments with obstacles", "Emergency situation response and quick decision-making", "Customer interaction and conflict resolution during delivery" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Transportation and Material Moving Workers, Except Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-transportation-and-material-moving-workers-except-aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 61890, "skillsOverlap": 73 }, { "title": "Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 29, "medianWage": 63940, "skillsOverlap": 80 }, { "title": "Air Transportation Workers", "slug": "air-transportation-workers", "riskScore": 31, "medianWage": 106500, "skillsOverlap": 76 } ], "topTasks": [ "Maintain equipment storage areas to ensure that inventory is protected.", "Read work orders or receive oral instructions to determine work assignments or material or equipment needs.", "Move freight, stock, or other materials to and from storage or production areas, loading docks, delivery vehicles, ships, or containers, by hand or using trucks, tractors, or other equipment.", "Sort materials, such as metals, glass, wood, paper or plastics, into appropriate containers for recycling.", "Clean recycling yard by sweeping, raking, picking up broken glass and loose paper debris, or moving barrels and bins." ], "topSkills": [ "Computer aided design CAD software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Video conferencing software", "Word processing software", "Operating system software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Production and 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"medianWage": 69480, "skillsOverlap": 69 }, { "title": "Substance Abuse, Behavioral Disorder, and Mental Health Counselors", "slug": "substance-abuse-behavioral-disorder-and-mental-health-counselors", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 59190, "skillsOverlap": 67 } ], "topTasks": [ "Patrol or monitor recreational areas, such as trails, slopes, or swimming areas, on foot, in vehicles, or from towers.", "Rescue distressed persons, using rescue techniques and equipment.", "Contact emergency medical personnel in case of serious injury.", "Examine injured persons and administer first aid or cardiopulmonary resuscitation, if necessary, using training and medical supplies and equipment.", "Warn recreational participants of inclement weather, unsafe areas, or illegal conduct." ], "topSkills": [ "Instant messaging software", "Spreadsheet software", "Electronic mail software", "Presentation software", "Desktop publishing software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "Public Safety 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"Check supplies to ensure adequate availability, and order new supplies when necessary.", "Monitor patrons' facility use to ensure that rules and regulations are followed, and safety and order are maintained.", "Clean facilities such as floors or locker rooms." ], "topSkills": [ "Web page creation and editing software", "Spreadsheet software", "Inventory management software", "Office suite software", "Word processing software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "English Language", "Public Safety and Security", "Education and Training", "Sales and Marketing" ] }, { "slug": "locksmiths-and-safe-repairers", "socCode": "49-9094", "title": "Locksmiths and Safe Repairers", "category": "repair", "riskScore": 64, "freyOsborneProb": 0.77, "employment": 15550, "medianWage": 50490, "wage10th": 34750, "wage90th": 79340, "projectedGrowthPct": -8.3, "genaiExposure": 34, "topRiskFactors": [ "Predictive maintenance AI reducing reactive repair needs", "Augmented reality-guided remote 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other parts, using hand tools.", "Cut new or duplicate keys, using impressions or code key machines.", "Open safe locks by drilling.", "Install door hardware, such as locks and closers." ], "topSkills": [ "Data base user interface and query software", "Accounting software", "Inventory management software", "Map creation software", "Spreadsheet software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Mechanical", "Customer and Personal Service", "Public Safety and Security", "English Language", "Sales and Marketing" ] }, { "slug": "locomotive-engineers", "socCode": "53-4011", "title": "Locomotive Engineers", "category": "transportation", "riskScore": 61, "freyOsborneProb": 0.96, "employment": 31990, "medianWage": 77400, "wage10th": 60980, "wage90th": 100690, "projectedGrowthPct": 0.7, "genaiExposure": 42, "topRiskFactors": [ "Drone delivery displacing last-mile logistics workers", "AI route optimization reducing dispatcher roles", "Automated warehouse sorting and loading systems", "Autonomous vehicle and self-driving truck technology" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Emergency situation response and quick decision-making", "Navigating unpredictable road and weather conditions", "Customer interaction and conflict resolution during delivery" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Air Transportation Workers", "slug": "air-transportation-workers", "riskScore": 31, "medianWage": 106500, "skillsOverlap": 75 }, { "title": "Ship Engineers", "slug": "ship-engineers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 101320, "skillsOverlap": 71 }, { "title": "Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 29, "medianWage": 63940, "skillsOverlap": 84 } ], "topTasks": [ "Interpret train orders, signals, or railroad rules and regulations that govern the operation of locomotives.", "Confer with conductors or traffic control center personnel via radiophones to issue or receive information concerning stops, delays, or oncoming trains.", "Receive starting signals from conductors and use controls such as throttles or air brakes to drive electric, diesel-electric, steam, or gas turbine-electric locomotives.", "Monitor gauges or meters that measure speed, amperage, battery charge, or air pressure in brake lines or in main reservoirs.", "Observe tracks to detect obstructions." ], "topSkills": [ "Expert system software", "Spreadsheet software", "Word processing software", "Route navigation software", "Time accounting software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Transportation", "Public Safety and Security", "English Language", "Education and Training", "Customer and Personal Service" ] }, { "slug": "lodging-managers", "socCode": "11-9081", "title": "Lodging Managers", "category": "management", "riskScore": 38, "freyOsborneProb": 0.004, "employment": 41350, "medianWage": 68130, "wage10th": 39490, "wage90th": 126990, "projectedGrowthPct": 3.4, "genaiExposure": 67, "topRiskFactors": [ "Chatbot displacement of customer-facing interactions", "AI summarization replacing manual report compilation", "Chatbot-based employee self-service reducing HR management" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Conflict resolution and mediation across departments", "Strategic vision-setting in uncertain markets", "Navigating complex interpersonal and political dynamics", "Building organizational culture and employee engagement" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 74 }, { "title": "Education Administrators, All Other", "slug": "education-administrators-all-other", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 89040, "skillsOverlap": 79 }, { "title": "Architectural and Engineering Managers", "slug": "architectural-and-engineering-managers", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 167740, "skillsOverlap": 75 } ], "topTasks": [ "Answer inquiries pertaining to hotel policies and services, and resolve occupants' complaints.", "Participate in financial activities, such as the setting of room rates, the establishment of budgets, and the allocation of funds to departments.", "Confer and cooperate with other managers to ensure coordination of hotel activities.", "Greet and register guests.", "Monitor the revenue activity of the hotel or facility." ], "topSkills": [ "Accounting software", "Facilities management software", "Financial analysis software", "Electronic mail software", "Customer relationship management CRM software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "English Language", "Administration and Management", "Personnel and Human Resources", "Customer and Personal Service", "Mathematics" ] }, { "slug": "log-graders-and-scalers", "socCode": "45-4023", "title": "Log Graders and Scalers", "category": "agriculture", "riskScore": 69, "freyOsborneProb": 0.97, "employment": 3310, "medianWage": 46710, "wage10th": 35050, "wage90th": 63370, "projectedGrowthPct": -0.7, "genaiExposure": 67, "topRiskFactors": [ "Autonomous harvesting and planting machinery", "Drone crop monitoring and precision spraying", "Generative AI producing marketing and creative copy", "Robotic sorting and packing of produce" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Adapting to variable weather and terrain conditions", "Managing livestock behavior and welfare", "Operating in unstructured and remote environments" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Social Scientists and Related Workers", "slug": "social-scientists-and-related-workers", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 92900, "skillsOverlap": 61 }, { "title": "Political Scientists", "slug": "political-scientists", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 139380, "skillsOverlap": 53 }, { "title": "Occupational Health and Safety Specialists and Technicians", "slug": "occupational-health-and-safety-specialists-and-technicians", "riskScore": 26, "medianWage": 78900, "skillsOverlap": 51 } ], "topTasks": [ "Evaluate log characteristics and determine grades, using established criteria.", "Record data about individual trees or load volumes into tally books or hand-held collection terminals.", "Measure felled logs or loads of pulpwood to calculate volume, weight, dimensions, and marketable value, using measuring devices and conversion tables.", "Paint identification marks of specified colors on logs to identify grades or species, using spray cans, or call out grades to log markers.", "Jab logs with metal ends of scale sticks, and inspect logs to ascertain characteristics or defects such as water damage, splits, knots, broken ends, rotten areas, twists, and curves." ], "topSkills": [ "Data base user interface and query software", "Inventory management software", "Customer relationship management CRM software", "Enterprise resource planning ERP software", "Spreadsheet software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Production and Processing", "Mathematics", "Customer and Personal Service", "Administration and Management", "Mechanical" ] }, { "slug": "logging-equipment-operators", "socCode": "45-4022", "title": "Logging Equipment Operators", "category": "agriculture", "riskScore": 57, "freyOsborneProb": 0.79, "employment": 22520, "medianWage": 49210, "wage10th": 35050, "wage90th": 72280, "projectedGrowthPct": -1.4, "genaiExposure": 31, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI-driven irrigation and soil analysis systems", "Drone crop monitoring and precision spraying", "Satellite and sensor-based yield prediction models", "Autonomous harvesting and planting machinery" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Assessing crop health through hands-on field inspection", "Adapting to variable weather and terrain conditions", "Managing livestock behavior and welfare", "Operating in unstructured and remote environments" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Social Scientists and Related Workers", "slug": "social-scientists-and-related-workers", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 92900, "skillsOverlap": 57 }, { "title": "Political Scientists", "slug": "political-scientists", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 139380, "skillsOverlap": 69 }, { "title": "Occupational Health and Safety Specialists and Technicians", "slug": "occupational-health-and-safety-specialists-and-technicians", "riskScore": 26, "medianWage": 78900, "skillsOverlap": 67 } ], "topTasks": [ "Inspect equipment for safety prior to use, and perform necessary basic maintenance tasks.", "Control hydraulic tractors equipped with tree clamps and booms to lift, swing, and bunch sheared trees.", "Grade logs according to characteristics such as knot size and straightness, and according to established industry or company standards.", "Drive straight or articulated tractors equipped with accessories such as bulldozer blades, grapples, logging arches, cable winches, and crane booms to skid, load, unload, or stack logs, pull stumps, or clear brush.", "Drive crawler or wheeled tractors to drag or transport logs from felling sites to log landing areas for processing and loading." ], "topSkills": [ "Data base user interface and query software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software", "Electronic mail software", "Word processing software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Mechanical", "Public Safety and Security", "Production and Processing", "Transportation", "Administration and Management" ] }, { "slug": "logging-workers-all-other", "socCode": "45-4029", "title": "Logging Workers, All Other", "category": "agriculture", "riskScore": 52, "freyOsborneProb": 0.79, "employment": 2160, "medianWage": 52000, "wage10th": 37260, "wage90th": 72070, "projectedGrowthPct": -4.7, "genaiExposure": 35, "topRiskFactors": [ "Autonomous harvesting and planting machinery", "Robotic sorting and packing of produce", "Drone crop monitoring and precision spraying", "AI-driven irrigation and soil analysis systems" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Managing livestock behavior and welfare", "Operating in unstructured and remote environments", "Adapting to variable weather and terrain conditions", "Assessing crop health through hands-on field inspection" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Social Scientists and Related Workers", "slug": "social-scientists-and-related-workers", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 92900, "skillsOverlap": 67 }, { "title": "Political Scientists", "slug": "political-scientists", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 139380, "skillsOverlap": 59 }, { "title": "Occupational Health and Safety Specialists and Technicians", "slug": "occupational-health-and-safety-specialists-and-technicians", "riskScore": 26, "medianWage": 78900, "skillsOverlap": 57 } ], "topTasks": [], "topSkills": [], "topKnowledge": [] }, { "slug": "logisticians", "socCode": "13-1081", "title": "Logisticians", "category": "business-finance", "riskScore": 36, "freyOsborneProb": 0.012, "employment": 235640, "medianWage": 80880, "wage10th": 49260, "wage90th": 132110, "projectedGrowthPct": 16.7, "genaiExposure": 80, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI-powered research and literature review tools", "Automated financial reporting and reconciliation", "Large language model automation of analysis tasks" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Crisis financial decision-making under uncertainty", "Navigating regulatory ambiguity and compliance judgment", "Strategic advisory requiring deep client relationship knowledge", "Stakeholder management in complex organizational settings" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 65 }, { "title": "Lawyers, Judges, and Related Workers", "slug": "lawyers-judges-and-related-workers", "riskScore": 17, "medianWage": 144040, "skillsOverlap": 63 }, { "title": "Education Administrators, All Other", "slug": "education-administrators-all-other", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 89040, "skillsOverlap": 55 } ], "topTasks": [ "Maintain and develop positive business relationships with a customer's key personnel involved in, or directly relevant to, a logistics activity.", "Develop an understanding of customers' needs and take actions to ensure that such needs are met.", "Manage subcontractor activities, reviewing proposals, developing performance specifications, and serving as liaisons between subcontractors and organizations.", "Develop proposals that include documentation for estimates.", "Review logistics performance with customers against targets, benchmarks, and service agreements." ], "topSkills": [ "Computer aided design CAD software", "Customer relationship management CRM software", "Enterprise resource planning ERP software", "Business intelligence and data analysis software", "Enterprise system management software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Transportation", "Engineering and Technology", "English Language", "Mathematics", "Administration and Management" ] }, { "slug": "machine-feeders-and-offbearers", "socCode": "53-7063", "title": "Machine Feeders and Offbearers", "category": "transportation", "riskScore": 78, "freyOsborneProb": 0.93, "employment": 46690, "medianWage": 39700, "wage10th": 31480, "wage90th": 57010, "projectedGrowthPct": -13, "genaiExposure": 53, "topRiskFactors": [ "Autonomous vehicle and self-driving truck technology", "Drone delivery displacing last-mile logistics workers", "AI route optimization reducing dispatcher roles", "AI traffic management and fleet coordination", "Automated warehouse sorting and loading systems" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Manual loading of irregular and fragile cargo", "Navigating unpredictable road and weather conditions", "Customer interaction and conflict resolution during delivery" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Transportation and Material Moving Workers, Except Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-transportation-and-material-moving-workers-except-aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 61890, "skillsOverlap": 76 }, { "title": "Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 29, "medianWage": 63940, "skillsOverlap": 83 }, { "title": "Air Transportation Workers", "slug": "air-transportation-workers", "riskScore": 31, "medianWage": 106500, "skillsOverlap": 79 } ], "topTasks": [ "Inspect materials and products for defects, and to ensure conformance to specifications.", "Record production and operational data, such as amount of materials processed.", "Push dual control buttons and move controls to start, stop, or adjust machinery and equipment.", "Weigh or measure materials or products to ensure conformance to specifications.", "Identify and mark materials, products, and samples, following instructions." ], "topSkills": [ "Industrial control software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software", "Electronic mail software", "Time accounting software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Production and Processing", "Mechanical", "Mathematics", "English Language", "Public Safety and Security" ] }, { "slug": "machinists", "socCode": "51-4041", "title": "Machinists", "category": "production", "riskScore": 51, "freyOsborneProb": 0.65, "employment": 298790, "medianWage": 56150, "wage10th": 38100, "wage90th": 78760, "projectedGrowthPct": 0, "genaiExposure": 44, "topRiskFactors": [ "Cobots handling repetitive material handling tasks", "Smart factory scheduling and production optimization", "Predictive maintenance reducing manual inspection roles", "Industrial robotics replacing manual assembly tasks" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Handling non-standard materials and configurations", "Troubleshooting complex equipment malfunctions", "Quality judgment requiring tactile and visual inspection", "Setup and calibration of custom production runs" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 67 }, { "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Transportation and Material Moving Workers, Except Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-transportation-and-material-moving-workers-except-aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 61890, "skillsOverlap": 57 }, { "title": "Fabric and Apparel Patternmakers", "slug": "fabric-and-apparel-patternmakers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 67670, "skillsOverlap": 81 } ], "topTasks": [ "Calculate dimensions or tolerances, using instruments, such as micrometers or vernier calipers.", "Machine parts to specifications, using machine tools, such as lathes, milling machines, shapers, or grinders.", "Measure, examine, or test completed units to check for defects and ensure conformance to specifications, using precision instruments, such as micrometers.", "Set up, adjust, or operate basic or specialized machine tools used to perform precision machining operations.", "Program computers or electronic instruments, such as numerically controlled machine tools." ], "topSkills": [ "Computer aided design CAD software", "Analytical or scientific software", "Computer aided manufacturing CAM software", "Industrial control software", "Enterprise resource planning ERP software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Mathematics", "Mechanical", "Production and Processing", "Design", "Engineering and Technology" ] }, { "slug": "magnetic-resonance-imaging-technologists", "socCode": "29-2035", "title": "Magnetic Resonance Imaging Technologists", "category": "healthcare", "riskScore": 42, "freyOsborneProb": 0.23, "employment": 41530, "medianWage": 88180, "wage10th": 64910, "wage90th": 121420, "projectedGrowthPct": 7.1, "genaiExposure": 76, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI clinical decision-support tools guiding treatment", "Large language model automation of analysis tasks", "AI-powered research and literature review tools", "Administrative automation of medical billing and coding" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Ethical decision-making in end-of-life situations", "Interdisciplinary care coordination", "Hands-on physical examination and procedures", "Emergency triage requiring rapid human judgment" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Dentists, All Other Specialists", "slug": "dentists-all-other-specialists", "riskScore": 13, "medianWage": 225770, "skillsOverlap": 73 }, { "title": "Dentists, General", "slug": "dentists-general", "riskScore": 24, "medianWage": 172790, "skillsOverlap": 81 }, { "title": "Occupational Therapists", "slug": "occupational-therapists", "riskScore": 28, "medianWage": 98340, "skillsOverlap": 73 } ], "topTasks": [ "Review physicians' orders to confirm prescribed exams.", "Conduct screening interviews of patients to identify contraindications, such as ferrous objects, pregnancy, prosthetic heart valves, cardiac pacemakers, or tattoos.", "Select appropriate imaging techniques or coils to produce required images.", "Operate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanners.", "Provide headphones or earplugs to patients to improve comfort and reduce unpleasant noise." ], "topSkills": [ "Calendar and scheduling software", "Medical software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software", "Word processing software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "English Language", "Physics", "Computers and Electronics", "Medicine and Dentistry" ] }, { "slug": "maids-and-housekeeping-cleaners", "socCode": "37-2012", "title": "Maids and Housekeeping Cleaners", "category": "maintenance", "riskScore": 55, "freyOsborneProb": 0.69, "employment": 854910, "medianWage": 34660, "wage10th": 26800, "wage90th": 47590, "projectedGrowthPct": 0.4, "genaiExposure": 38, "topRiskFactors": [ "Automated grounds-keeping and landscaping equipment", "Remote monitoring reducing on-site maintenance staff", "AI-driven building management and energy optimization", "Robotic cleaning and facility maintenance systems" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Tenant and occupant relationship management", "Hands-on troubleshooting of building systems", "Judgment calls on repair vs. replacement decisions", "Physical work in diverse and unstructured environments" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Transportation and Material Moving Workers, Except Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-transportation-and-material-moving-workers-except-aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 61890, "skillsOverlap": 65 }, { "title": "Electrical Power-Line Installers and Repairers", "slug": "electrical-power-line-installers-and-repairers", "riskScore": 28, "medianWage": 92560, "skillsOverlap": 59 }, { "title": "Supervisors of Building and Grounds Cleaning and Maintenance Workers", "slug": "supervisors-of-building-and-grounds-cleaning-and-maintenance-workers", "riskScore": 36, "medianWage": 49990, "skillsOverlap": 83 } ], "topTasks": [ "Keep storage areas and carts well-stocked, clean, and tidy.", "Carry linens, towels, toilet items, and cleaning supplies, using wheeled carts.", "Clean rooms, hallways, lobbies, lounges, restrooms, corridors, elevators, stairways, locker rooms, and other work areas so that health standards are met.", "Empty wastebaskets, empty and clean ashtrays, and transport other trash and waste to disposal areas.", "Sweep, scrub, wax, or polish floors, using brooms, mops, or powered scrubbing and waxing machines." ], "topSkills": [ "Instant messaging software", "Materials requirements planning logistics and supply chain software", "Facilities management software", "Desktop communications software", "Electronic mail software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "English Language", "Public Safety and Security", "Administration and Management", "Chemistry" ] }, { "slug": "mail-clerks-and-mail-machine-operators-except-postal-service", "socCode": "43-9051", "title": "Mail Clerks and Mail Machine Operators, Except Postal Service", "category": "office-admin", "riskScore": 72, "freyOsborneProb": 0.94, "employment": 62730, "medianWage": 38150, "wage10th": 29460, "wage90th": 52150, "projectedGrowthPct": -6.6, "genaiExposure": 61, "topRiskFactors": [ "Robotic process automation of data entry workflows", "AI-generated written content replacing manual drafting", "AI coding assistants reducing developer demand", "Generative AI producing marketing and creative copy", "Automated invoice and expense processing" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Handling confidential and politically sensitive information", "Building trust-based relationships with executives", "Managing sensitive interpersonal workplace situations" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Supervisors of Office and Administrative Support Workers", "slug": "supervisors-of-office-and-administrative-support-workers", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 66140, "skillsOverlap": 83 }, { "title": "Education Administrators, All Other", "slug": "education-administrators-all-other", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 89040, "skillsOverlap": 67 }, { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 62 } ], "topTasks": [ "Wrap packages or bundles by hand, or by using tying machines.", "Verify that items are addressed correctly, marked with the proper postage, and in suitable condition for processing.", "Remove containers of sorted mail or parcels and transfer them to designated areas according to established procedures.", "Sort and route incoming mail, and collect outgoing mail, using carts as necessary.", "Affix postage to packages or letters by hand, or stamp materials, using postage meters." ], "topSkills": [ "Document management software", "Electronic mail software", "Accounting software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Spreadsheet software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "English Language", "Mathematics", "Law and Government", "Education and Training" ] }, { "slug": "maintenance-and-repair-workers-general", "socCode": "49-9071", "title": "Maintenance and Repair Workers, General", "category": "repair", "riskScore": 49, "freyOsborneProb": 0.64, "employment": 1531700, "medianWage": 48620, "wage10th": 33860, "wage90th": 76110, "projectedGrowthPct": 3.8, "genaiExposure": 34, "topRiskFactors": [ "Robotic inspection of hard-to-reach equipment", "Automated fault detection via IoT sensor networks", "AI parts inventory and supply chain optimization", "Augmented reality-guided remote diagnostics" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Hands-on fine motor work in intricate machinery", "Customer communication about technical issues", "Adapting repairs to non-standard or legacy equipment", "Working in confined, elevated, or hazardous spaces" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 63 }, { "title": "Electrical Power-Line Installers and Repairers", "slug": "electrical-power-line-installers-and-repairers", "riskScore": 28, "medianWage": 92560, "skillsOverlap": 72 }, { "title": "Supervisors of Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Workers", "slug": "supervisors-of-installation-maintenance-and-repair-workers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 78300, "skillsOverlap": 77 } ], "topTasks": [ "Perform routine maintenance, such as inspecting drives, motors, or belts, checking fluid levels, replacing filters, or doing other preventive maintenance actions.", "Inspect, operate, or test machinery or equipment to diagnose machine malfunctions.", "Adjust functional parts of devices or control instruments, using hand tools, levels, plumb bobs, or straightedges.", "Repair machines, equipment, or structures, using tools such as hammers, hoists, saws, drills, wrenches, or equipment such as precision measuring instruments or electrical or electronic testing devices.", "Order parts, supplies, or equipment from catalogs or suppliers." ], "topSkills": [ "Operating system software", "Computer aided design CAD software", "Facilities management software", "Calendar and scheduling software", "Data base user interface and query software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Mechanical", "English Language", "Building and Construction", "Mathematics", "Production and Processing" ] }, { "slug": "maintenance-workers-machinery", "socCode": "49-9043", "title": "Maintenance Workers, Machinery", "category": "repair", "riskScore": 58, "freyOsborneProb": 0.86, "employment": 56540, "medianWage": 60500, "wage10th": 40080, "wage90th": 83560, "projectedGrowthPct": -2.8, "genaiExposure": 24, "topRiskFactors": [ "Augmented reality-guided remote diagnostics", "Predictive maintenance AI reducing reactive repair needs", "AI parts inventory and supply chain optimization", "Automated fault detection via IoT sensor networks" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Adapting repairs to non-standard or legacy equipment", "Customer communication about technical issues", "Working in confined, elevated, or hazardous spaces", "Diagnosing novel equipment failures through physical inspection" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 61 }, { "title": "Electrical Power-Line Installers and Repairers", "slug": "electrical-power-line-installers-and-repairers", "riskScore": 28, "medianWage": 92560, "skillsOverlap": 75 }, { "title": "Supervisors of Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Workers", "slug": "supervisors-of-installation-maintenance-and-repair-workers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 78300, "skillsOverlap": 80 } ], "topTasks": [ "Dismantle machines and remove parts for repair, using hand tools, chain falls, jacks, cranes, or hoists.", "Reassemble machines after the completion of repair or maintenance work.", "Record production, repair, and machine maintenance information.", "Lubricate or apply adhesives or other materials to machines, machine parts, or other equipment according to specified procedures.", "Install, replace, or change machine parts and attachments, according to 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emergencies", "Adapting to individual patient emotional needs", "Compassionate hands-on patient care and comfort" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Occupational Therapy and Physical Therapist Assistants and Aides", "slug": "occupational-therapy-and-physical-therapist-assistants-and-aides", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 61730, "skillsOverlap": 82 }, { "title": "Dentists, All Other Specialists", "slug": "dentists-all-other-specialists", "riskScore": 13, "medianWage": 225770, "skillsOverlap": 62 }, { "title": "Social Workers, All Other", "slug": "social-workers-all-other", "riskScore": 22, "medianWage": 69480, "skillsOverlap": 59 } ], "topTasks": [ "Interview patients to obtain medical information and measure their vital signs, weight, and height.", "Clean and sterilize instruments and dispose of contaminated supplies.", "Record patients' medical history, vital statistics, or information such as test results in medical records.", "Explain treatment procedures, medications, diets, or physicians' instructions to patients.", "Prepare treatment rooms for patient examinations, keeping the rooms neat and clean." ], "topSkills": [ "Calendar and scheduling software", "Accounting software", "Office suite software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Categorization or classification software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "English Language", "Customer and Personal Service", "Medicine and Dentistry", "Administrative", "Computers and Electronics" ] }, { "slug": "medical-dosimetrists", "socCode": "29-2036", "title": "Medical Dosimetrists", "category": "healthcare", "riskScore": 38, "freyOsborneProb": 0.23, "employment": 3970, "medianWage": 138110, "wage10th": 103760, "wage90th": 176360, "projectedGrowthPct": 3.5, "genaiExposure": 74, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI-assisted diagnostic imaging reducing radiologist workload", "Automated patient monitoring and alert systems", "AI-powered research and literature review tools" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Emergency triage requiring rapid human judgment", "Ethical decision-making in end-of-life situations", "Hands-on physical examination and procedures", "Empathetic patient communication and bedside manner" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Dentists, All Other Specialists", "slug": "dentists-all-other-specialists", "riskScore": 13, "medianWage": 225770, "skillsOverlap": 80 }, { "title": "Dentists, General", "slug": "dentists-general", "riskScore": 24, "medianWage": 172790, "skillsOverlap": 73 }, { "title": "Podiatrists", "slug": "podiatrists", "riskScore": 28, "medianWage": 152800, "skillsOverlap": 80 } ], "topTasks": [ "Design the arrangement of radiation fields to reduce exposure to critical patient structures, such as organs, using computers, manuals, and guides.", "Plan the use of beam modifying devices, such as compensators, shields, and wedge filters, to ensure safe and effective delivery of radiation treatment.", "Identify and outline bodily structures, using imaging procedures, such as x-ray, magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, or positron emission tomography.", "Calculate the delivery of radiation treatment, such as the amount or extent of radiation per session, based on the prescribed course of radiation therapy.", "Calculate, or verify calculations of, prescribed radiation doses." ], "topSkills": [ "Development environment software", "Medical software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Mathematics", "Physics", "Computers and Electronics", "Biology", "Medicine and Dentistry" ] }, { "slug": "medical-equipment-preparers", "socCode": "31-9093", "title": "Medical Equipment Preparers", "category": "healthcare-support", "riskScore": 58, "freyOsborneProb": 0.78, "employment": 72760, "medianWage": 46490, "wage10th": 35400, "wage90th": 67070, "projectedGrowthPct": 10, "genaiExposure": 42, "topRiskFactors": [ "Administrative automation of health records management", "AI-driven vital sign monitoring and alerting", "Automated patient scheduling and intake systems", "Telehealth reducing in-person support staffing needs" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Building rapport with patients and families", "Compassionate hands-on patient care and comfort", "Adapting to individual patient emotional needs", "Responding to unpredictable patient emergencies" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Occupational Therapy and Physical Therapist Assistants and Aides", "slug": "occupational-therapy-and-physical-therapist-assistants-and-aides", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 61730, "skillsOverlap": 70 }, { "title": "Dentists, All Other Specialists", "slug": "dentists-all-other-specialists", "riskScore": 13, "medianWage": 225770, "skillsOverlap": 60 }, { "title": "Social Workers, All Other", "slug": "social-workers-all-other", "riskScore": 22, "medianWage": 69480, "skillsOverlap": 57 } ], "topTasks": [ "Operate and maintain steam autoclaves, keeping records of loads completed, items in loads, and maintenance procedures performed.", "Clean instruments to prepare them for sterilization.", "Record sterilizer test results.", "Organize and assemble routine or specialty surgical instrument trays or other sterilized supplies, filling special requests as needed.", "Examine equipment to detect leaks, worn or loose parts, or other indications of disrepair." ], "topSkills": [ "Calendar and scheduling software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Medical software", "Electronic mail software", "Inventory management software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "English Language", "Biology", "Production and Processing", "Public Safety and Security" ] }, { "slug": "medical-equipment-repairers", "socCode": "49-9062", "title": "Medical Equipment Repairers", "category": "repair", "riskScore": 42, "freyOsborneProb": 0.27, "employment": 60830, "medianWage": 62630, "wage10th": 39060, "wage90th": 99290, "projectedGrowthPct": 12.9, "genaiExposure": 44, "topRiskFactors": [ "Predictive maintenance AI reducing reactive repair needs", "Augmented reality-guided remote diagnostics", "Automated fault detection via IoT sensor networks", "Robotic inspection of hard-to-reach equipment" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Diagnosing novel equipment failures through physical inspection", "Working in confined, elevated, or hazardous spaces", "Adapting repairs to non-standard or legacy equipment", "Customer communication about technical issues" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 69 }, { "title": "Electrical Power-Line Installers and Repairers", "slug": "electrical-power-line-installers-and-repairers", "riskScore": 28, "medianWage": 92560, "skillsOverlap": 73 }, { "title": "Supervisors of Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Workers", "slug": "supervisors-of-installation-maintenance-and-repair-workers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 78300, "skillsOverlap": 78 } ], "topTasks": [ "Test or calibrate components or equipment, following manufacturers' manuals and troubleshooting techniques, using hand tools, power tools, or measuring devices.", "Perform preventive maintenance or service, such as cleaning, lubricating, or adjusting equipment.", "Inspect, test, or troubleshoot malfunctioning medical or related equipment, following manufacturers' specifications and using test and analysis instruments.", "Keep records of maintenance, repair, and required updates of equipment.", "Disassemble malfunctioning equipment and remove, repair, or replace defective parts, such as motors, clutches, or transformers." ], "topSkills": [ "Facilities management software", "Video conferencing software", "Medical software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Mechanical", "Computers and Electronics", "Customer and Personal Service", "English Language", "Engineering and Technology" ] }, { "slug": "medical-records-specialists", "socCode": "29-2072", "title": "Medical Records Specialists", "category": "healthcare", "riskScore": 69, "freyOsborneProb": 0.91, "employment": 187910, "medianWage": 50250, "wage10th": 35780, "wage90th": 80950, "projectedGrowthPct": 7.1, "genaiExposure": 79, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI clinical decision-support tools guiding treatment", "AI-assisted diagnostic imaging reducing radiologist workload", "AI coding assistants reducing developer demand", "Generative AI producing marketing and creative copy" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Empathetic patient communication and bedside manner", "Complex clinical judgment in ambiguous presentations", "Ethical decision-making in end-of-life situations" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Dentists, All Other Specialists", "slug": "dentists-all-other-specialists", "riskScore": 13, "medianWage": 225770, "skillsOverlap": 82 }, { "title": "Occupational Therapists", "slug": "occupational-therapists", "riskScore": 28, "medianWage": 98340, "skillsOverlap": 82 }, { "title": "Orthotists and Prosthetists", "slug": "orthotists-and-prosthetists", "riskScore": 28, "medianWage": 78310, "skillsOverlap": 82 } ], "topTasks": [ "Assign the patient to diagnosis-related groups (DRGs), using appropriate computer software.", "Compile and maintain patients' medical records to document condition and treatment and to provide data for research or cost control and care improvement efforts.", "Consult classification manuals to locate information about disease processes.", "Enter data, such as demographic characteristics, history and extent of disease, diagnostic procedures, or treatment into computer.", "Identify, compile, abstract, and code patient data, using standard classification systems." ], "topSkills": [ "Categorization or classification software", "Medical software", "Accounting software", "Information retrieval or search software", "Office suite software" ], "topKnowledge": [] }, { "slug": "medical-scientists-except-epidemiologists", "socCode": "19-1042", "title": "Medical Scientists, Except Epidemiologists", "category": "science", "riskScore": 38, "freyOsborneProb": 0.005, "employment": 156300, "medianWage": 100590, "wage10th": 61860, "wage90th": 168210, "projectedGrowthPct": 8.7, "genaiExposure": 83, "topRiskFactors": [ "Large language model automation of analysis tasks", "AI-accelerated data analysis and pattern recognition", "AI coding assistants reducing developer demand" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Designing novel experiments and research methodologies", "Interpreting ambiguous results with domain expertise", "Fieldwork in unstructured natural environments", "Ethical oversight of research involving human subjects" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Dentists, All Other Specialists", "slug": "dentists-all-other-specialists", "riskScore": 13, "medianWage": 225770, "skillsOverlap": 55 }, { "title": "Political Scientists", "slug": "political-scientists", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 139380, "skillsOverlap": 71 }, { "title": "Social Scientists and Related Workers", "slug": "social-scientists-and-related-workers", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 92900, "skillsOverlap": 84 } ], "topTasks": [ "Follow strict safety procedures when handling toxic materials to avoid contamination.", "Evaluate effects of drugs, gases, pesticides, parasites, and microorganisms at various levels.", "Plan and direct studies to investigate human or animal disease, preventive methods, and treatments for disease.", "Prepare and analyze organ, tissue, and cell samples to identify toxicity, bacteria, or microorganisms or to study cell structure.", "Conduct research to develop methodologies, instrumentation, and procedures for medical application, analyzing data and presenting findings to the scientific audience and general public." ], "topSkills": [ "Graphics or photo imaging software", "Analytical or scientific software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Geographic information system", "Electronic mail software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Biology", "English Language", "Medicine and Dentistry", "Chemistry", "Mathematics" ] }, { "slug": "medical-secretaries-and-administrative-assistants", "socCode": "43-6013", "title": "Medical Secretaries and Administrative Assistants", "category": "office-admin", "riskScore": 67, "freyOsborneProb": 0.81, "employment": 830760, "medianWage": 44640, "wage10th": 35050, "wage90th": 60050, "projectedGrowthPct": 4.2, "genaiExposure": 83, "topRiskFactors": [ "Generative AI producing marketing and creative copy", "Automated data interpretation and insight generation", "Large language model automation of analysis tasks", "Automated invoice and expense processing" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Coordinating complex multi-party events and logistics", "Building trust-based relationships with executives", "Managing sensitive interpersonal workplace situations" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Supervisors of Office and Administrative Support Workers", "slug": "supervisors-of-office-and-administrative-support-workers", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 66140, "skillsOverlap": 73 }, { "title": "Education Administrators, All Other", "slug": "education-administrators-all-other", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 89040, "skillsOverlap": 57 }, { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 52 } ], "topTasks": [ "Answer telephones and direct calls to appropriate staff.", "Schedule and confirm patient diagnostic appointments, surgeries, or medical consultations.", "Complete insurance or other claim forms.", "Greet visitors, ascertain purpose of visit, and direct them to appropriate staff.", "Transmit correspondence or medical records by mail, e-mail, or fax." ], "topSkills": [ "Accounting software", "Word processing software", "Medical software", "Office suite software", "Data base user interface and query software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "English Language", "Administrative", "Medicine and Dentistry", "Personnel and Human Resources" ] }, { "slug": "medical-transcriptionists", "socCode": "31-9094", "title": "Medical Transcriptionists", "category": "healthcare-support", "riskScore": 75, "freyOsborneProb": 0.89, "employment": 43070, "medianWage": 37550, "wage10th": 26370, "wage90th": 53890, "projectedGrowthPct": -4.9, "genaiExposure": 84, "topRiskFactors": [ "Telehealth reducing in-person support staffing needs", "Administrative automation of health records management", "Chatbot displacement of customer-facing interactions", "Generative AI producing marketing and creative copy", "AI-generated written content replacing manual drafting" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Responding to unpredictable patient emergencies", "Building rapport with patients and families", "Physical repositioning and mobility assistance" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Occupational Therapy and Physical Therapist Assistants and Aides", "slug": "occupational-therapy-and-physical-therapist-assistants-and-aides", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 61730, "skillsOverlap": 74 }, { "title": "Dentists, All Other Specialists", "slug": "dentists-all-other-specialists", "riskScore": 13, "medianWage": 225770, "skillsOverlap": 54 }, { "title": "Social Workers, All Other", "slug": "social-workers-all-other", "riskScore": 22, "medianWage": 69480, "skillsOverlap": 51 } ], "topTasks": [ "Return dictated reports in printed or electronic form for physician's review, signature, and corrections and for inclusion in patients' medical records.", "Produce medical reports, correspondence, records, patient-care information, statistics, medical research, and administrative material.", "Identify mistakes in reports and check with doctors to obtain the correct information.", "Review and edit transcribed reports or dictated material for spelling, grammar, clarity, consistency, and proper medical terminology.", "Transcribe dictation for a variety of medical reports, such as patient histories, physical examinations, emergency room visits, operations, chart reviews, consultation, or discharge summaries." ], "topSkills": [ "Medical software", "Word processing software", "Calendar and scheduling software", "Office suite software", "Voice recognition software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "English Language", "Administrative", "Computers and Electronics", "Medicine and Dentistry", "Customer and Personal Service" ] }, { "slug": "meeting-convention-and-event-planners", "socCode": "13-1121", "title": "Meeting, Convention, and Event Planners", "category": "business-finance", "riskScore": 37, "freyOsborneProb": 0.037, "employment": 134670, "medianWage": 59440, "wage10th": 35990, "wage90th": 101310, "projectedGrowthPct": 4.8, "genaiExposure": 78, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI coding assistants reducing developer demand", "Large language model automation of analysis tasks", "Automated tax preparation and compliance tools" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Crisis financial decision-making under uncertainty", "Stakeholder management in complex organizational settings", "Navigating regulatory ambiguity and compliance judgment", "Strategic advisory requiring deep client relationship knowledge" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 67 }, { "title": "Lawyers, Judges, and Related Workers", "slug": "lawyers-judges-and-related-workers", "riskScore": 17, "medianWage": 144040, "skillsOverlap": 65 }, { "title": "Business Operations Specialists", "slug": "business-operations-specialists", "riskScore": 28, "medianWage": 80410, "skillsOverlap": 78 } ], "topTasks": [ "Consult with customers to determine objectives and requirements for events, such as meetings, conferences, and conventions.", "Review event bills for accuracy and approve payment.", "Coordinate services for events, such as accommodation and transportation for participants, facilities, catering, signage, displays, special needs requirements, printing and event security.", "Arrange the availability of audio-visual equipment, transportation, displays, and other event needs.", "Confer with staff at a chosen event site to coordinate details." ], "topSkills": [ "Project management software", "Graphics or photo imaging software", "Desktop publishing software", "Customer relationship management CRM software", "Data base user interface and query software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "English Language", "Communications and Media", "Administrative", "Administration and Management" ] }, { "slug": "mental-health-and-substance-abuse-social-workers", "socCode": "21-1023", "title": "Mental Health and Substance Abuse Social Workers", "category": "community-social", "riskScore": 36, "freyOsborneProb": 0.003, "employment": 125910, "medianWage": 60060, "wage10th": 39620, "wage90th": 104130, "projectedGrowthPct": 9.7, "genaiExposure": 81, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI-driven case management and resource matching", "AI coding assistants reducing developer demand", "Data analytics optimizing community program delivery" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Cultural sensitivity in diverse community contexts", "Navigating complex family and community dynamics", "Deep empathetic engagement with vulnerable populations", "Crisis intervention requiring immediate human judgment" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Social Workers, All Other", "slug": "social-workers-all-other", "riskScore": 22, "medianWage": 69480, "skillsOverlap": 73 }, { "title": "Dentists, All Other Specialists", "slug": "dentists-all-other-specialists", "riskScore": 13, "medianWage": 225770, "skillsOverlap": 56 }, { "title": "Substance Abuse, Behavioral Disorder, and Mental Health Counselors", "slug": "substance-abuse-behavioral-disorder-and-mental-health-counselors", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 59190, "skillsOverlap": 76 } ], "topTasks": [ "Counsel clients in individual or group sessions to assist them in dealing with substance abuse, mental or physical illness, poverty, unemployment, or physical abuse.", "Collaborate with counselors, physicians, or nurses to plan or coordinate treatment, drawing on social work experience and patient needs.", "Monitor, evaluate, and record client progress with respect to treatment goals.", "Interview clients, review records, conduct assessments, or confer with other professionals to evaluate the mental or physical condition of clients or patients.", "Supervise or direct other workers who provide services to clients or patients." ], "topSkills": [ "Document management software", "Desktop publishing software", "Medical software", "Office suite software", "Data base user interface and query software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Therapy and Counseling", "Psychology", "English Language", "Customer and Personal Service", "Education and Training" ] }, { "slug": "merchandise-displayers-and-window-trimmers", "socCode": "27-1026", "title": "Merchandise Displayers and Window Trimmers", "category": "arts-media", "riskScore": 47, "freyOsborneProb": 0.48, "employment": 192480, "medianWage": 37350, "wage10th": 30050, "wage90th": 53800, "projectedGrowthPct": 3.2, "genaiExposure": 46, "topRiskFactors": [ "Automated content curation and social media management", "AI copywriting tools reducing editorial demand", "AI music composition and audio production", "Text-to-image tools displacing graphic design work" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Physical artistry and hands-on creative execution", "Original creative vision and artistic direction", "Live performance and audience engagement", "Collaborative creative ideation and brainstorming" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Artists and Related Workers, All Other", "slug": "artists-and-related-workers-all-other", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 72760, "skillsOverlap": 78 }, { "title": "Fashion Designers", "slug": "fashion-designers", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 80690, "skillsOverlap": 78 }, { "title": "Special Effects Artists and Animators", "slug": "special-effects-artists-and-animators", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 99800, "skillsOverlap": 74 } ], "topTasks": [ "Plan commercial displays to entice and appeal to customers.", "Arrange properties, furniture, merchandise, backdrops, or other accessories, as shown in prepared sketches.", "Change or rotate window displays, interior display areas, or signage to reflect changes in inventory or promotion.", "Place prices or descriptive signs on backdrops, fixtures, merchandise, or floor.", "Consult with store managers, buyers, sales associates, housekeeping staff, or engineering staff to determine appropriate placement of displays or products." ], "topSkills": [ "Document management software", "Graphics or photo imaging software", "Desktop publishing software", "Operating system software", "Computer aided design CAD software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "Sales and Marketing", "English Language", "Administration and Management", "Design" ] }, { "slug": "metal-workers-and-plastic-workers", "socCode": "51-4000", "title": "Metal Workers and Plastic Workers", "category": "production", "riskScore": 39, "freyOsborneProb": 0.4, "employment": 1599780, "medianWage": 48660, "wage10th": 35940, "wage90th": 73550, "projectedGrowthPct": -3.5, "genaiExposure": 35, "topRiskFactors": [ "Automated CNC programming and machine operation", "AI quality inspection via computer vision systems", "Cobots handling repetitive material handling tasks" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Setup and calibration of custom production runs", "Quality judgment requiring tactile and visual inspection", "Troubleshooting complex equipment malfunctions", "Coordinating workflow across diverse production teams" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 63 }, { "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Transportation and Material Moving Workers, Except Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-transportation-and-material-moving-workers-except-aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 61890, "skillsOverlap": 53 }, { "title": "Fabric and Apparel Patternmakers", "slug": "fabric-and-apparel-patternmakers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 67670, "skillsOverlap": 72 } ], "topTasks": [], "topSkills": [], "topKnowledge": [] }, { "slug": "metal-workers-and-plastic-workers-all-other", "socCode": "51-4199", "title": "Metal Workers and Plastic Workers, All Other", "category": "production", "riskScore": 61, "freyOsborneProb": 0.92, "employment": 20270, "medianWage": 42750, "wage10th": 33850, "wage90th": 62800, "projectedGrowthPct": -9.5, "genaiExposure": 35, "topRiskFactors": [ "Cobots handling repetitive material handling tasks", "Smart factory scheduling and production optimization", "AI quality inspection via computer vision systems", "Predictive maintenance reducing manual inspection roles" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Handling non-standard materials and configurations", "Troubleshooting complex equipment malfunctions", "Coordinating workflow across diverse production teams" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 67 }, { "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Transportation and Material Moving Workers, Except Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-transportation-and-material-moving-workers-except-aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 61890, "skillsOverlap": 57 }, { "title": "Fabric and Apparel Patternmakers", "slug": "fabric-and-apparel-patternmakers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 67670, "skillsOverlap": 71 } ], "topTasks": [], "topSkills": [], "topKnowledge": [] }, { "slug": "metal-refining-furnace-operators-and-tenders", "socCode": "51-4051", "title": "Metal-Refining Furnace Operators and Tenders", "category": "production", "riskScore": 63, "freyOsborneProb": 0.88, "employment": 20330, "medianWage": 55770, "wage10th": 38760, "wage90th": 80280, "projectedGrowthPct": -2.3, "genaiExposure": 46, "topRiskFactors": [ "Industrial robotics replacing manual assembly tasks", "AI quality inspection via computer vision systems", "Automated CNC programming and machine operation", "Predictive maintenance reducing manual inspection roles" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Troubleshooting complex equipment malfunctions", "Quality judgment requiring tactile and visual inspection", "Coordinating workflow across diverse production teams" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 51 }, { "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Transportation and Material Moving Workers, Except Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-transportation-and-material-moving-workers-except-aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 61890, "skillsOverlap": 61 }, { "title": "Fabric and Apparel Patternmakers", "slug": "fabric-and-apparel-patternmakers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 67670, "skillsOverlap": 75 } ], "topTasks": [ "Regulate supplies of fuel and air, or control flow of electric current and water coolant to heat furnaces and adjust temperatures.", "Draw smelted metal samples from furnaces or kettles for analysis, and calculate types and amounts of materials needed to ensure that materials meet specifications.", "Weigh materials to be charged into furnaces, using scales.", "Record production data, and maintain production logs.", "Observe air and temperature gauges or metal color and fluidity, and turn fuel valves or adjust controls to maintain required temperatures." ], "topSkills": [ "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software", "Industrial control software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Inventory management software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Production and Processing", "Mechanical", "Public Safety and Security", "Administration and Management", "Education and Training" ] }, { "slug": "meter-readers-utilities", "socCode": "43-5041", "title": "Meter Readers, Utilities", "category": "office-admin", "riskScore": 74, "freyOsborneProb": 0.85, "employment": 19620, "medianWage": 49180, "wage10th": 33980, "wage90th": 86480, "projectedGrowthPct": -12, "genaiExposure": 53, "topRiskFactors": [ "Intelligent document processing and OCR automation", "Smart form extraction replacing manual data processing", "AI scheduling and calendar management assistants", "Robotic process automation of data entry workflows", "Automated invoice and expense processing" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Building trust-based relationships with executives", "Coordinating complex multi-party events and logistics", "Managing sensitive interpersonal workplace 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"milling-and-planing-machine-setters-operators-and-tenders-metal-and-plastic", "socCode": "51-4035", "title": "Milling and Planing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic", "category": "production", "riskScore": 78, "freyOsborneProb": 0.98, "employment": 13810, "medianWage": 48310, "wage10th": 36810, "wage90th": 75000, "projectedGrowthPct": -14.4, "genaiExposure": 44, "topRiskFactors": [ "Industrial robotics replacing manual assembly tasks", "Predictive maintenance reducing manual inspection roles", "AI quality inspection via computer vision systems", "Smart factory scheduling and production optimization", "Cobots handling repetitive material handling tasks" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Troubleshooting complex equipment malfunctions", "Quality judgment requiring tactile and visual inspection", "Setup and calibration of custom production runs" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 61 }, { 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"supervisors-of-installation-maintenance-and-repair-workers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 78300, "skillsOverlap": 71 } ], "topTasks": [ "Repair and replace damaged or worn parts.", "Test mechanical products and equipment after repair or assembly to ensure proper performance and compliance with manufacturers' specifications.", "Operate and inspect machines or heavy equipment to diagnose defects.", "Read and understand operating manuals, blueprints, and technical drawings.", "Dismantle and reassemble heavy equipment using hoists and hand tools." ], "topSkills": [ "Data base user interface and query software", "Materials requirements planning logistics and supply chain software", "Facilities management software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Mechanical", "Customer and Personal Service", "Mathematics", "Computers and Electronics", "Public Safety and Security" ] }, { "slug": "model-makers-metal-and-plastic", "socCode": "51-4061", "title": "Model 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"Supervisors of Production Workers", "slug": "supervisors-of-production-workers", "riskScore": 34, "medianWage": 71190, "skillsOverlap": 73 } ], "topTasks": [ "Study blueprints, drawings, and sketches to determine material dimensions, required equipment, and operations sequences.", "Inspect and test products to verify conformance to specifications, using precision measuring instruments or circuit testers.", "Drill, countersink, and ream holes in parts and assemblies for bolts, screws, and other fasteners, using power tools.", "Cut, shape, and form metal parts, using lathes, power saws, snips, power brakes and shears, files, and mallets.", "Set up and operate machines, such as lathes, drill presses, punch presses, or bandsaws, to fabricate prototypes or models." ], "topSkills": [ "Computer aided manufacturing CAM software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software", "Word processing software", "Computer aided design CAD software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Design", "Mathematics", 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{ "title": "Social Workers, All Other", "slug": "social-workers-all-other", "riskScore": 22, "medianWage": 69480, "skillsOverlap": 53 }, { "title": "Occupational Therapy and Physical Therapist Assistants and Aides", "slug": "occupational-therapy-and-physical-therapist-assistants-and-aides", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 61730, "skillsOverlap": 51 }, { "title": "Substance Abuse, Behavioral Disorder, and Mental Health Counselors", "slug": "substance-abuse-behavioral-disorder-and-mental-health-counselors", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 59190, "skillsOverlap": 51 } ], "topTasks": [ "Monitor operations to ensure that standards for sound and image projection quality are met.", "Start projectors and open shutters to project images onto screens.", "Open and close facilities according to rules and schedules.", "Operate equipment to show films in a number of theaters simultaneously.", "Perform regular maintenance tasks, such as rotating or replacing xenon bulbs, cleaning projectors and lenses, 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"riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 67670, "skillsOverlap": 75 } ], "topTasks": [ "Inspect workpieces for defects, and measure workpieces to determine accuracy of machine operation, using rules, templates, or other measuring instruments.", "Position, adjust, and secure stock material or workpieces against stops, on arbors, or in chucks, fixtures, or automatic feeding mechanisms, manually or using hoists.", "Read blueprints or job orders to determine product specifications and tooling instructions and to plan operational sequences.", "Select, install, and adjust alignment of drills, cutters, dies, guides, and holding devices, using templates, measuring instruments, and hand tools.", "Observe machine operation to detect workpiece defects or machine malfunctions, adjusting machines as necessary." ], "topSkills": [ "Computer aided design CAD software", "Electronic mail software", "Enterprise resource planning ERP software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Production and Processing", "Mechanical", "Mathematics", "English Language", "Design" ] }, { "slug": "museum-technicians-and-conservators", "socCode": "25-4013", "title": "Museum Technicians and Conservators", "category": "education", "riskScore": 50, "freyOsborneProb": 0.59, "employment": 13070, "medianWage": 47460, "wage10th": 30720, "wage90th": 82790, "projectedGrowthPct": 5.4, "genaiExposure": 55, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI tutoring systems providing personalized instruction", "Virtual classroom platforms reducing instructor demand", "Automated grading and assessment tools", "AI-generated curriculum and lesson plan content" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Inspiring and motivating students through personal connection", "Developing creative and engaging hands-on lessons", "Adapting instruction to individual learning needs in real-time", "Mentoring students through personal and academic challenges" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Postsecondary Teachers", "slug": "postsecondary-teachers", 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electronic tuning devices.", "Reassemble instruments following repair, using hand tools and power tools and glue, hair, yarn, resin, or clamps, and lubricate instruments as necessary.", "Disassemble instruments and parts for repair and adjustment.", "Repair or replace musical instrument parts and components, such as strings, bridges, felts, and keys, using hand and power tools." ], "topSkills": [ "Analytical or scientific software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "Mechanical", "Fine Arts", "English Language", "Administration and Management" ] }, { "slug": "musicians-and-singers", "socCode": "27-2042", "title": "Musicians and Singers", "category": "arts-media", "riskScore": 39, "freyOsborneProb": 0.074, "employment": 38350, "medianWage": 50000, "wage10th": 0, "wage90th": 0, "projectedGrowthPct": 1.1, "genaiExposure": 95, "topRiskFactors": [ "Large language model automation of analysis tasks", "Automated content curation and social media management", "AI-powered 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strategic decision-support dashboards" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Navigating complex interpersonal and political dynamics", "Inspiring and leading teams through organizational change", "Building organizational culture and employee engagement", "Conflict resolution and mediation across departments", "Strategic vision-setting in uncertain markets" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 72 }, { "title": "Architectural and Engineering Managers", "slug": "architectural-and-engineering-managers", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 167740, "skillsOverlap": 83 }, { "title": "Education Administrators, All Other", "slug": "education-administrators-all-other", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 89040, "skillsOverlap": 82 } ], "topTasks": [ "Hire, supervise, or evaluate engineers, technicians, researchers, or other staff.", "Design or coordinate successive phases of problem analysis, solution proposals, or testing.", "Plan or direct research, development, or production activities.", "Review project activities and prepare and review research, testing, or operational reports.", "Confer with scientists, engineers, regulators, or others to plan or review projects or to provide technical assistance." ], "topSkills": [ "Document management software", "Graphics or photo imaging software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Geographic information system", "Spreadsheet software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Engineering and Technology", "Customer and Personal Service", "Mathematics", "Biology", "English Language" ] }, { "slug": "network-and-computer-systems-administrators", "socCode": "15-1244", "title": "Network and Computer Systems Administrators", "category": "technology", "riskScore": 39, "freyOsborneProb": 0.03, "employment": 318570, "medianWage": 96800, "wage10th": 60320, "wage90th": 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computer networks and related computing environments, including computer hardware, systems software, applications software, and all configurations.", "Perform data backups and disaster recovery operations.", "Diagnose, troubleshoot, and resolve hardware, software, or other network and system problems, and replace defective components when necessary.", "Configure, monitor, and maintain email applications or virus protection software.", "Operate master consoles to monitor the performance of computer systems and networks and to coordinate computer network access and use." ], "topSkills": [ "Access software", "Internet directory services software", "Enterprise resource planning ERP software", "Document management software", "Development environment software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Computers and Electronics", "English Language", "Customer and Personal Service", "Engineering and Technology", "Telecommunications" ] }, { "slug": "neurologists", "socCode": "29-1217", "title": "Neurologists", "category": "healthcare", "riskScore": 50, "freyOsborneProb": 0.4, "employment": 7700, "medianWage": 239200, "wage10th": 83500, "wage90th": 0, "projectedGrowthPct": 5.4, "genaiExposure": 83, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI-assisted diagnostic imaging reducing radiologist workload", "AI clinical decision-support tools guiding treatment", "Telehealth platforms automating triage and intake", "Administrative automation of medical billing and coding" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Hands-on physical examination and procedures", "Complex clinical judgment in ambiguous presentations", "Emergency triage requiring rapid human judgment", "Interdisciplinary care coordination" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Dentists, All Other Specialists", "slug": "dentists-all-other-specialists", "riskScore": 13, "medianWage": 225770, "skillsOverlap": 74 }, { "title": "Dentists, General", "slug": "dentists-general", "riskScore": 24, "medianWage": 172790, "skillsOverlap": 82 }, { "title": "Prosthodontists", "slug": "prosthodontists", "riskScore": 34, "medianWage": 0, "skillsOverlap": 77 } ], "topTasks": [ "Interview patients to obtain information, such as complaints, symptoms, medical histories, and family histories.", "Examine patients to obtain information about functional status of areas, such as vision, physical strength, coordination, reflexes, sensations, language skills, cognitive abilities, and mental status.", "Perform or interpret the outcomes of procedures or diagnostic tests, such as lumbar punctures, electroencephalography, electromyography, and nerve conduction velocity tests.", "Order or interpret results of laboratory analyses of patients' blood or cerebrospinal fluid.", "Diagnose neurological conditions based on interpretation of examination findings, histories, or test results." ], "topSkills": [ "Medical software", "Electronic mail software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software", "Presentation software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Medicine and Dentistry", "English 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"supervisors-of-office-and-administrative-support-workers", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 66140, "skillsOverlap": 81 }, { "title": "Education Administrators, All Other", "slug": "education-administrators-all-other", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 89040, "skillsOverlap": 55 }, { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 50 } ], "topTasks": [ "Perform teller duties as required.", "Compile information about new accounts, enter account information into computers, and file related forms or other documents.", "Collect and record customer deposits and fees and issue receipts, using computers.", "Inform customers of procedures for applying for services, such as ATM cards, direct deposit of checks, and certificates of deposit.", "Answer customers' questions and explain available services, such as deposit accounts, 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"Original creative vision and artistic direction", "Live performance and audience engagement", "Physical artistry and hands-on creative execution" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Artists and Related Workers, All Other", "slug": "artists-and-related-workers-all-other", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 72760, "skillsOverlap": 80 }, { "title": "Fashion Designers", "slug": "fashion-designers", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 80690, "skillsOverlap": 80 }, { "title": "Special Effects Artists and Animators", "slug": "special-effects-artists-and-animators", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 99800, "skillsOverlap": 76 } ], "topTasks": [ "Write commentaries, columns, or scripts, using computers.", "Coordinate and serve as an anchor on news broadcast programs.", "Examine news items of local, national, and international significance to determine topics to address, or obtain assignments from editorial staff members.", "Analyze and interpret news and information received from various sources to 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], "topSafeTasks": [ "Complex clinical judgment in ambiguous presentations", "Ethical decision-making in end-of-life situations", "Empathetic patient communication and bedside manner", "Interdisciplinary care coordination" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Dentists, All Other Specialists", "slug": "dentists-all-other-specialists", "riskScore": 13, "medianWage": 225770, "skillsOverlap": 84 }, { "title": "Dentists, General", "slug": "dentists-general", "riskScore": 24, "medianWage": 172790, "skillsOverlap": 77 }, { "title": "Occupational Therapists", "slug": "occupational-therapists", "riskScore": 28, "medianWage": 98340, "skillsOverlap": 84 } ], "topTasks": [ "Administer radiopharmaceuticals or radiation intravenously to detect or treat diseases, using radioisotope equipment, under direction of a physician.", "Detect and map radiopharmaceuticals in patients' bodies, using a camera to produce photographic or computer images.", "Process cardiac function studies, using computer.", "Calculate, measure, and record radiation dosage or radiopharmaceuticals received, used, and disposed, using computer and following physician's prescription.", "Record and process results of procedures." ], "topSkills": [ "Medical software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software", "Electronic mail software", "Presentation software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "Biology", "English Language", "Physics", "Medicine and Dentistry" ] }, { "slug": "nuclear-power-reactor-operators", "socCode": "51-8011", "title": "Nuclear Power Reactor Operators", "category": "production", "riskScore": 79, "freyOsborneProb": 0.95, "employment": 5720, "medianWage": 122610, "wage10th": 99300, "wage90th": 152690, "projectedGrowthPct": -15.3, "genaiExposure": 76, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI-powered research and literature review tools", "Predictive maintenance reducing manual inspection roles", "Industrial robotics replacing manual assembly tasks", "Generative AI producing marketing 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"topRiskFactors": [ "AI-generated written content replacing manual drafting", "AI-accelerated data analysis and pattern recognition", "AI-powered research and literature review tools", "Generative AI producing marketing and creative copy" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Designing novel experiments and research methodologies", "Ethical oversight of research involving human subjects", "Interpreting ambiguous results with domain expertise" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Dentists, All Other Specialists", "slug": "dentists-all-other-specialists", "riskScore": 13, "medianWage": 225770, "skillsOverlap": 53 }, { "title": "Political Scientists", "slug": "political-scientists", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 139380, "skillsOverlap": 84 }, { "title": "Social Scientists and Related Workers", "slug": "social-scientists-and-related-workers", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 92900, "skillsOverlap": 82 } ], "topTasks": [ "Follow nuclear equipment operational policies and procedures that ensure environmental safety.", "Conduct surveillance testing to determine safety of nuclear equipment.", "Monitor nuclear reactor equipment performance to identify operational inefficiencies, hazards, or needs for maintenance or repair.", "Test plant equipment to ensure it is operating properly.", "Apply safety tags to equipment needing maintenance." ], "topSkills": [ "Data base user interface and query software", "Operating system software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software", "Presentation software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Public Safety and Security", "Mechanical", "Physics", "Engineering and Technology", "Education and Training" ] }, { "slug": "nurse-anesthetists", "socCode": "29-1151", "title": "Nurse Anesthetists", "category": "healthcare", "riskScore": 36, "freyOsborneProb": 0.4, "employment": 50350, "medianWage": 223210, "wage10th": 137230, "wage90th": 0, "projectedGrowthPct": 8.6, "genaiExposure": 46, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI clinical decision-support tools guiding treatment", "Automated 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management, administering emergency fluids or drugs, or using basic or advanced cardiac life support techniques.", "Monitor patients' responses, including skin color, pupil dilation, pulse, heart rate, blood pressure, respiration, ventilation, or urine output, using invasive and noninvasive techniques.", "Select, order, or administer anesthetics, adjuvant drugs, accessory drugs, fluids or blood products as necessary.", "Select, prepare, or use equipment, monitors, supplies, or drugs for the administration of anesthetics." ], "topSkills": [ "Medical software", "Word processing software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Medicine and Dentistry", "Customer and Personal Service", "Biology", "Chemistry", "Mathematics" ] }, { "slug": "nurse-midwives", "socCode": "29-1161", "title": "Nurse Midwives", "category": "healthcare", "riskScore": 48, "freyOsborneProb": 0.4, "employment": 8280, "medianWage": 128790, "wage10th": 74670, "wage90th": 177040, "projectedGrowthPct": 11.1, "genaiExposure": 86, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI-generated written content replacing manual drafting", "Large language model automation of analysis tasks", "Generative AI producing marketing and creative copy", "Automated data interpretation and insight generation" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Emergency triage requiring rapid human judgment", "Hands-on physical examination and procedures", "Complex clinical judgment in ambiguous presentations", "Empathetic patient communication and bedside manner" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Dentists, All Other Specialists", "slug": "dentists-all-other-specialists", "riskScore": 13, "medianWage": 225770, "skillsOverlap": 70 }, { "title": "Dentists, General", "slug": "dentists-general", "riskScore": 24, "medianWage": 172790, "skillsOverlap": 78 }, { "title": "Podiatrists", "slug": "podiatrists", "riskScore": 28, "medianWage": 152800, "skillsOverlap": 70 } ], "topTasks": [ "Provide prenatal, intrapartum, postpartum, or newborn care to patients.", "Monitor fetal development by listening to fetal heartbeat, taking external uterine measurements, identifying fetal position, or estimating fetal size and weight.", "Document patients' health histories, symptoms, physical conditions, or other diagnostic information.", "Provide patients with direct family planning services, such as inserting intrauterine devices, dispensing oral contraceptives, and fitting cervical barriers, including cervical caps or diaphragms.", "Prescribe medications as permitted by state regulations." ], "topSkills": [ "Medical software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Medicine and Dentistry", "Psychology", "Customer and Personal Service", "English Language", "Biology" ] }, { "slug": "nurse-practitioners", "socCode": "29-1171", "title": "Nurse Practitioners", "category": "healthcare", "riskScore": 42, "freyOsborneProb": 0.4, "employment": 307390, "medianWage": 129210, "wage10th": 97960, "wage90th": 169950, "projectedGrowthPct": 40.1, "genaiExposure": 74, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI-assisted diagnostic imaging reducing radiologist workload", "Natural language processing for clinical documentation", "Telehealth platforms automating triage and intake", "Generative AI producing marketing and creative copy" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Complex clinical judgment in ambiguous presentations", "Emergency triage requiring rapid human judgment", "Interdisciplinary care coordination", "Empathetic patient communication and bedside manner" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Dentists, All Other Specialists", "slug": "dentists-all-other-specialists", "riskScore": 13, "medianWage": 225770, "skillsOverlap": 73 }, { "title": "Dentists, General", "slug": "dentists-general", "riskScore": 24, "medianWage": 172790, "skillsOverlap": 81 }, { "title": "Podiatrists", "slug": "podiatrists", "riskScore": 28, "medianWage": 152800, "skillsOverlap": 73 } ], "topTasks": [ "Maintain complete and detailed records of patients' health care plans and prognoses.", "Develop treatment plans, based on scientific rationale, standards of care, and professional practice guidelines.", "Provide patients with information needed to promote health, reduce risk factors, or prevent disease or disability.", "Analyze and interpret patients' histories, symptoms, physical findings, or diagnostic information to develop appropriate diagnoses.", "Diagnose or treat complex, unstable, comorbid, episodic, or emergency conditions in collaboration with other health care providers as necessary." ], "topSkills": [ "Medical software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Spreadsheet software", "Internet browser software", "Office suite software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Medicine and Dentistry", "English Language", "Biology", "Psychology", "Customer and Personal Service" ] }, { "slug": "nursing-assistants", "socCode": "31-1131", "title": "Nursing Assistants", "category": "healthcare-support", "riskScore": 48, "freyOsborneProb": 0.4, "employment": 1388430, "medianWage": 39530, "wage10th": 31390, "wage90th": 50140, "projectedGrowthPct": 2.3, "genaiExposure": 49, "topRiskFactors": [ "Automated patient scheduling and intake systems", "Telehealth reducing in-person support staffing needs", "Robotic assistance in patient mobility and care", "Administrative automation of health records management" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Responding to unpredictable patient emergencies", "Compassionate hands-on patient care and comfort", "Adapting to individual patient emotional needs", "Physical repositioning and mobility assistance" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Occupational Therapy and Physical Therapist Assistants and Aides", "slug": "occupational-therapy-and-physical-therapist-assistants-and-aides", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 61730, "skillsOverlap": 80 }, { "title": "Dentists, All Other Specialists", "slug": "dentists-all-other-specialists", "riskScore": 13, "medianWage": 225770, "skillsOverlap": 60 }, { "title": "Social Workers, All Other", "slug": "social-workers-all-other", "riskScore": 22, "medianWage": 69480, "skillsOverlap": 57 } ], "topTasks": [ "Turn or reposition bedridden patients.", "Answer patient call signals, signal lights, bells, or intercom systems to determine patients' needs.", "Feed patients or assist patients to eat or drink.", "Measure and record food and liquid intake or urinary and fecal output, reporting changes to medical or nursing staff.", "Provide physical support to assist patients to perform daily living activities, such as getting out of bed, bathing, dressing, using the toilet, standing, walking, or exercising." ], "topSkills": [ "Business intelligence and data analysis software", "Accounting software", "Medical software", "Video conferencing software", "Data base user interface and query software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "Administration and Management", "English Language", "Public Safety and Security", "Medicine and Dentistry" ] }, { "slug": "nursing-instructors-and-teachers-postsecondary", "socCode": "25-1072", "title": "Nursing Instructors and Teachers, Postsecondary", "category": "education", "riskScore": 47, "freyOsborneProb": 0.4, "employment": 74250, "medianWage": 79940, "wage10th": 47950, "wage90th": 130040, "projectedGrowthPct": 16.8, "genaiExposure": 83, "topRiskFactors": [ "Adaptive learning technology replacing remedial roles", "Automated data interpretation and insight generation", "AI coding assistants reducing developer demand", "AI summarization replacing manual report compilation" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Inspiring and motivating students through personal connection", "Adapting instruction to individual learning needs in real-time", "Mentoring students through personal and academic challenges", "Developing creative and engaging hands-on lessons" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Dentists, All Other Specialists", "slug": "dentists-all-other-specialists", "riskScore": 13, "medianWage": 225770, "skillsOverlap": 53 }, { "title": "Postsecondary Teachers", "slug": "postsecondary-teachers", "riskScore": 22, "medianWage": 81600, "skillsOverlap": 80 }, { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 67 } ], "topTasks": [ "Evaluate and grade students' class work, laboratory and clinic work, assignments, and papers.", "Supervise students' laboratory and clinical work.", "Initiate, facilitate, and moderate classroom discussions.", "Assess clinical education needs and patient and client teaching needs using a variety of methods.", "Compile, administer, and grade examinations, or assign this work to others." ], "topSkills": [ "Computer based training software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Calendar and scheduling software", "Word processing software", "Information retrieval or search software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Medicine and Dentistry", "Education and Training", "Psychology", "English Language", "Biology" ] }, { "slug": "obstetricians-and-gynecologists", "socCode": "29-1218", "title": "Obstetricians and Gynecologists", "category": "healthcare", "riskScore": 54, "freyOsborneProb": 0.4, "employment": 19900, "medianWage": 239200, "wage10th": 94750, "wage90th": 0, "projectedGrowthPct": 1.2, "genaiExposure": 86, "topRiskFactors": [ "Chatbot displacement of customer-facing interactions", "Large language model automation of analysis tasks", "Generative AI producing marketing and creative copy", "Telehealth platforms automating triage and intake" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Empathetic patient communication and bedside manner", "Complex clinical judgment in ambiguous presentations", "Emergency triage requiring rapid human judgment", "Hands-on physical examination and procedures" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Dentists, All Other Specialists", "slug": "dentists-all-other-specialists", "riskScore": 13, 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"slug": "other-production-occupations", "socCode": "51-9000", "title": "Other Production Occupations", "category": "production", "riskScore": 37, "freyOsborneProb": 0.4, "employment": 2562640, "medianWage": 45970, "wage10th": 33560, "wage90th": 69270, "projectedGrowthPct": -0.8, "genaiExposure": 35, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI quality inspection via computer vision systems", "Predictive maintenance reducing manual inspection roles", "Automated CNC programming and machine operation" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Quality judgment requiring tactile and visual inspection", "Coordinating workflow across diverse production teams", "Setup and calibration of custom production runs", "Handling non-standard materials and configurations" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 59 }, { "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Transportation and Material Moving Workers, Except Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": 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"supervisors-of-installation-maintenance-and-repair-workers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 78300, "skillsOverlap": 75 } ], "topTasks": [ "Record repairs made, time spent, and parts used.", "Test and inspect engines to determine malfunctions, to locate missing and broken parts, and to verify repairs, using diagnostic instruments.", "Dismantle engines, using hand tools, and examine parts for defects.", "Repair and maintain gasoline engines used to power equipment such as portable saws, lawn mowers, generators, and compressors.", "Adjust points, valves, carburetors, distributors, and spark plug gaps, using feeler gauges." ], "topSkills": [ "Data base user interface and query software", "Analytical or scientific software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software", "Point of sale POS software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Mechanical", "Customer and Personal Service", "English Language", "Engineering and Technology", "Education and Training" ] }, { "slug": 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"genaiExposure": 10, "topRiskFactors": [ "Industrial robotics replacing manual assembly tasks", "Cobots handling repetitive material handling tasks", "AI quality inspection via computer vision systems", "Predictive maintenance reducing manual inspection roles" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Coordinating workflow across diverse production teams", "Quality judgment requiring tactile and visual inspection", "Setup and calibration of custom production runs", "Handling non-standard materials and configurations" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 53 }, { "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Transportation and Material Moving Workers, Except Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-transportation-and-material-moving-workers-except-aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 61890, "skillsOverlap": 63 }, { "title": "Fabric and Apparel Patternmakers", "slug": "fabric-and-apparel-patternmakers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 67670, "skillsOverlap": 72 } ], "topTasks": [ "Examine completed work to detect defects and verify conformance to work orders, and adjust machinery as necessary to correct production problems.", "Observe operation of various machines to detect and correct machine malfunctions such as improper forming, glue flow, or pasteboard tension.", "Start machines and move controls to regulate tension on pressure rolls, to synchronize speed of machine components, and to adjust temperatures of glue or paraffin.", "Disassemble machines to maintain, repair, or replace broken or worn parts, using hand or power tools.", "Install attachments to machines for gluing, folding, printing, or cutting." ], "topSkills": [ "Document management software", "Graphics or photo imaging software", "Desktop publishing software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Production and Processing", "Mechanical", "Mathematics", 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"electricians", "riskScore": 32, "medianWage": 62350, "skillsOverlap": 77 } ], "topTasks": [ "Smooth strips or sections of paper with brushes or rollers to remove wrinkles and bubbles and to smooth joints.", "Trim rough edges from strips, using straightedges and trimming knives.", "Trim excess material at ceilings or baseboards, using knives.", "Check finished wallcoverings for proper alignment, pattern matching, and neatness of seams.", "Mark vertical guidelines on walls to align strips, using plumb bobs and chalk lines." ], "topSkills": [ "Accounting software", "Project management software", "Graphics or photo imaging software", "Enterprise application integration software", "Word processing software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "Building and Construction", "Mathematics", "Mechanical", "Administration and Management" ] }, { "slug": "paralegals-and-legal-assistants", "socCode": "23-2011", "title": "Paralegals and Legal Assistants", "category": "legal", 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"title": "Education Administrators, All Other", "slug": "education-administrators-all-other", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 89040, "skillsOverlap": 61 } ], "topTasks": [ "Prepare affidavits or other documents, such as legal correspondence, and organize and maintain documents in paper or electronic filing system.", "Prepare, edit, or review legal documents, including legislation, briefs, pleadings, appeals, wills, contracts, and real estate closing statements.", "Investigate facts and law of cases and search pertinent sources, such as public records and internet sources, to determine causes of action and to prepare cases.", "Prepare for trial by performing tasks such as organizing exhibits.", "Meet with clients and other professionals to discuss details of case." ], "topSkills": [ "Analytical or scientific software", "Document management software", "Information retrieval or search software", "Desktop publishing software", "Categorization or classification software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Law and Government", "English Language", "Administrative", "Computers and Electronics", "Customer and Personal Service" ] }, { "slug": "paramedics", "socCode": "29-2043", "title": "Paramedics", "category": "healthcare", "riskScore": 37, "freyOsborneProb": 0.049, "employment": 99530, "medianWage": 58410, "wage10th": 40130, "wage90th": 82420, "projectedGrowthPct": 5, "genaiExposure": 53, "topRiskFactors": [ "Administrative automation of medical billing and coding", "Telehealth platforms automating triage and intake", "Automated patient monitoring and alert systems" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Hands-on physical examination and procedures", "Complex clinical judgment in ambiguous presentations", "Empathetic patient communication and bedside manner", "Emergency triage requiring rapid human judgment" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Dentists, All Other Specialists", "slug": "dentists-all-other-specialists", "riskScore": 13, "medianWage": 225770, "skillsOverlap": 78 }, { "title": "Dentists, 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"transportation", "riskScore": 59, "freyOsborneProb": 0.87, "employment": 134650, "medianWage": 34600, "wage10th": 24960, "wage90th": 43840, "projectedGrowthPct": 3, "genaiExposure": 31, "topRiskFactors": [ "Autonomous vehicle and self-driving truck technology", "AI route optimization reducing dispatcher roles", "AI traffic management and fleet coordination", "Predictive maintenance reducing manual inspection needs" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Manual loading of irregular and fragile cargo", "Emergency situation response and quick decision-making", "Customer interaction and conflict resolution during delivery", "Navigating unpredictable road and weather conditions" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Transportation and Material Moving Workers, Except Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-transportation-and-material-moving-workers-except-aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 61890, "skillsOverlap": 83 }, { "title": "Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 29, "medianWage": 63940, "skillsOverlap": 75 }, { "title": "Ambulance Drivers and Attendants, Except Emergency Medical Technicians", "slug": "ambulance-drivers-and-attendants-except-emergency-medical-technicians", "riskScore": 28, "medianWage": 34330, "skillsOverlap": 82 } ], "topTasks": [ "Take numbered tags from customers, locate vehicles, and deliver vehicles, or provide customers with instructions for locating vehicles.", "Inspect vehicles to detect any damage.", "Greet customers and open their car doors.", "Issue ticket stubs or place numbered tags on windshields, log tags or attach tag to customers' keys, and give customers matching tags for locating parked vehicles.", "Perform cash handling tasks, such as making change, balancing and recording cash drawer, or distributing tips." ], "topSkills": [ "Point of sale POS software", "Electronic mail software", "Spreadsheet 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"education-administrators-all-other", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 89040, "skillsOverlap": 59 }, { "title": "Social Workers, All Other", "slug": "social-workers-all-other", "riskScore": 22, "medianWage": 69480, "skillsOverlap": 57 }, { "title": "Substance Abuse, Behavioral Disorder, and Mental Health Counselors", "slug": "substance-abuse-behavioral-disorder-and-mental-health-counselors", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 59190, "skillsOverlap": 55 } ], "topTasks": [ "Enter and retrieve information pertaining to vehicle registration, identification, and status, using hand-held computers.", "Patrol an assigned area by vehicle or on foot to ensure public compliance with existing parking ordinance.", "Write warnings and citations for illegally parked vehicles.", "Appear in court at hearings regarding contested traffic citations.", "Maintain assigned equipment and supplies, such as hand-held citation computers, citation books, rain gear, tire-marking chalk, and street cones." ], "topSkills": [ "Data base user interface and query software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software", "Electronic mail software", "Presentation software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "English Language", "Public Safety and Security", "Law and Government", "Computers and Electronics", "Education and Training" ] }, { "slug": "parts-salespersons", "socCode": "41-2022", "title": "Parts Salespersons", "category": "sales", "riskScore": 68, "freyOsborneProb": 0.98, "employment": 265060, "medianWage": 37440, "wage10th": 27770, "wage90th": 61750, "projectedGrowthPct": 3.1, "genaiExposure": 61, "topRiskFactors": [ "Automated data interpretation and insight generation", "Chatbot and virtual assistant sales displacement", "AI coding assistants reducing developer demand", "Self-checkout and cashierless store technology" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Resolving novel customer complaints with empathy", "Building long-term client relationships and trust", "Negotiating bespoke deals with multiple stakeholders" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Education Administrators, All Other", "slug": "education-administrators-all-other", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 89040, "skillsOverlap": 59 }, { "title": "Supervisors of Office and Administrative Support Workers", "slug": "supervisors-of-office-and-administrative-support-workers", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 66140, "skillsOverlap": 55 }, { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 54 } ], "topTasks": [ "Receive payment or obtain credit authorization.", "Assist customers, such as responding to customer complaints and updating them about back-ordered parts.", "Fill customer orders from stock, and place orders when requested items are out of stock.", "Receive and fill telephone orders for parts.", "Locate and label parts, and maintain inventory of stock." ], "topSkills": [ "Document management software", "Customer relationship management CRM software", "Inventory management software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "Sales and Marketing", "Administration and Management", "Administrative", "Computers and Electronics" ] }, { "slug": "passenger-attendants", "socCode": "53-6061", "title": "Passenger Attendants", "category": "transportation", "riskScore": 60, "freyOsborneProb": 0.75, "employment": 25340, "medianWage": 37560, "wage10th": 29120, "wage90th": 49510, "projectedGrowthPct": 4.7, "genaiExposure": 53, "topRiskFactors": [ "Drone delivery displacing last-mile logistics workers", "Automated warehouse sorting and loading systems", "Autonomous vehicle and self-driving truck technology", "AI route optimization reducing dispatcher roles" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Emergency situation response and quick decision-making", "Manual loading of irregular and fragile cargo", "Customer interaction and 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"socCode": "47-2071", "title": "Paving, Surfacing, and Tamping Equipment Operators", "category": "construction", "riskScore": 56, "freyOsborneProb": 0.83, "employment": 45680, "medianWage": 51650, "wage10th": 38030, "wage90th": 90110, "projectedGrowthPct": 3.2, "genaiExposure": 29, "topRiskFactors": [ "Autonomous heavy equipment operation", "BIM-integrated automated progress tracking", "Robotic bricklaying and prefabrication automation", "3D printing of building components" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Real-time safety judgment in hazardous conditions", "Adapting to unique building configurations on-site", "Physical work in confined or elevated spaces", "Client-facing consultation on custom project needs" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 57 }, { "title": "Extraction Workers", "slug": "extraction-workers", "riskScore": 29, "medianWage": 56020, "skillsOverlap": 84 }, { "title": "Electricians", "slug": "electricians", "riskScore": 32, "medianWage": 62350, "skillsOverlap": 78 } ], "topTasks": [ "Start machine, engage clutch, and push and move levers to guide machine along forms or guidelines and to control the operation of machine attachments.", "Fill tanks, hoppers, or machines with paving materials.", "Control paving machines to push dump trucks and to maintain a constant flow of asphalt or other material into hoppers or screeds.", "Observe distribution of paving material to adjust machine settings or material flow, and indicate low spots for workers to add material.", "Coordinate truck dumping." ], "topSkills": [ "Computer aided design CAD software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Electronic mail software", "Project management software", "Spreadsheet software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Building and Construction", "Mechanical", "Mathematics", "Physics", "Public Safety and Security" ] }, { "slug": "payroll-and-timekeeping-clerks", "socCode": "43-3051", "title": "Payroll 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"title": "Dentists, General", "slug": "dentists-general", "riskScore": 24, "medianWage": 172790, "skillsOverlap": 78 }, { "title": "Prosthodontists", "slug": "prosthodontists", "riskScore": 34, "medianWage": 0, "skillsOverlap": 73 } ], "topTasks": [ "Analyze patient's medical history, medication allergies, physical condition, and examination results to verify operation's necessity and to determine best procedure.", "Conduct research to develop and test surgical techniques that can improve operating procedures and outcomes.", "Consult with patient's other medical care specialists, such as cardiologist and endocrinologist, to determine if surgery is necessary.", "Describe preoperative and postoperative treatments and procedures, such as sedatives, diets, antibiotics, or preparation and treatment of the patient's operative area, to parents or guardians of the patient.", "Direct and coordinate activities of nurses, assistants, specialists, residents, and other medical staff." ], "topSkills": [ "Graphics or photo imaging software", "Medical software", "Human resources software", "Operating system software" ], "topKnowledge": [], "wageNote": "Exceeds BLS reporting threshold" }, { "slug": "pediatricians-general", "socCode": "29-1221", "title": "Pediatricians, General", "category": "healthcare", "riskScore": 40, "freyOsborneProb": 0.4, "employment": 42960, "medianWage": 210130, "wage10th": 96240, "wage90th": 0, "projectedGrowthPct": 0.8, "genaiExposure": 64, "topRiskFactors": [ "Natural language processing for clinical documentation", "AI-assisted diagnostic imaging reducing radiologist workload", "AI-powered research and literature review tools" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Empathetic patient communication and bedside manner", "Ethical decision-making in end-of-life situations", "Complex clinical judgment in ambiguous presentations", "Hands-on physical examination and procedures" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Dentists, All Other Specialists", "slug": "dentists-all-other-specialists", "riskScore": 13, "medianWage": 225770, "skillsOverlap": 84 }, { "title": "Dentists, General", "slug": "dentists-general", "riskScore": 24, "medianWage": 172790, "skillsOverlap": 82 }, { "title": "Nurse Anesthetists", "slug": "nurse-anesthetists", "riskScore": 36, "medianWage": 223210, "skillsOverlap": 83 } ], "topTasks": [ "Prescribe or administer treatment, therapy, medication, vaccination, and other specialized medical care to treat or prevent illness, disease, or injury in infants and children.", "Examine children regularly to assess their growth and development.", "Treat children who have minor illnesses, acute and chronic health problems, and growth and development concerns.", "Examine patients or order, perform, and interpret diagnostic tests to obtain information on medical condition and determine diagnosis.", "Advise patients, parents or guardians, and community members concerning diet, activity, hygiene, and disease prevention." ], "topSkills": [ "Medical software", "Information retrieval or search software", "Electronic mail software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Calendar and scheduling software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Medicine and Dentistry", "Therapy and Counseling", "Biology", "Psychology", "Customer and Personal Service" ] }, { "slug": "personal-appearance-workers", "socCode": "39-5000", "title": "Personal Appearance Workers", "category": "personal-care", "riskScore": 37, "freyOsborneProb": 0.4, "employment": 543830, "medianWage": 35310, "wage10th": 25580, "wage90th": 63900, "projectedGrowthPct": 5.9, "genaiExposure": 35, "topRiskFactors": [ "Virtual try-on technology reducing in-person consultations", "AI fitness coaching apps displacing personal trainers", "Robotic massage and physical therapy devices" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Personalized hands-on service requiring tactile skill", "Emotional support and active listening during sessions", "Creative aesthetic judgment for individual 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client management platforms" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Adapting techniques to individual body types and preferences", "Creative aesthetic judgment for individual clients", "Emotional support and active listening during sessions", "Building trust and rapport with repeat clients" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Social Workers, All Other", "slug": "social-workers-all-other", "riskScore": 22, "medianWage": 69480, "skillsOverlap": 55 }, { "title": "Occupational Therapy and Physical Therapist Assistants and Aides", "slug": "occupational-therapy-and-physical-therapist-assistants-and-aides", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 61730, "skillsOverlap": 53 }, { "title": "Substance Abuse, Behavioral Disorder, and Mental Health Counselors", "slug": "substance-abuse-behavioral-disorder-and-mental-health-counselors", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 59190, "skillsOverlap": 53 } ], "topTasks": [], "topSkills": [], "topKnowledge": [] }, { "slug": "personal-financial-advisors", "socCode": "13-2052", "title": "Personal Financial Advisors", "category": "business-finance", "riskScore": 52, "freyOsborneProb": 0.58, "employment": 270480, "medianWage": 102140, "wage10th": 49990, "wage90th": 0, "projectedGrowthPct": 9.6, "genaiExposure": 81, "topRiskFactors": [ "Algorithmic trading and AI portfolio management", "AI-powered research and literature review tools", "Robotic process automation for accounting workflows", "Generative AI producing marketing and creative copy" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Crisis financial decision-making under uncertainty", "Stakeholder management in complex organizational settings", "Ethical judgment in fiduciary and advisory roles", "Strategic advisory requiring deep client relationship knowledge" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 57 }, { "title": "Lawyers, Judges, and Related Workers", "slug": "lawyers-judges-and-related-workers", "riskScore": 17, "medianWage": 144040, "skillsOverlap": 55 }, { "title": "Architectural and Engineering Managers", "slug": "architectural-and-engineering-managers", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 167740, "skillsOverlap": 63 } ], "topTasks": [ "Interview clients to determine their current income, expenses, insurance coverage, tax status, financial objectives, risk tolerance, or other information needed to develop a financial plan.", "Analyze financial information obtained from clients to determine strategies for meeting clients' financial objectives.", "Answer clients' questions about the purposes and details of financial plans and strategies.", "Review clients' accounts and plans regularly to determine whether life changes, economic changes, environmental concerns, or financial performance indicate a need for plan reassessment.", "Manage client portfolios, keeping client plans up-to-date." ], "topSkills": [ "Customer relationship management CRM software", "Financial analysis software", "Word processing software", "Document management software", "Compliance software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "Economics and Accounting", "English Language", "Mathematics", "Psychology" ] }, { "slug": "personal-service-managers-all-other", "socCode": "11-9179", "title": "Personal Service Managers, All Other", "category": "management", "riskScore": 44, "freyOsborneProb": 0.25, "employment": 10490, "medianWage": 61340, "wage10th": 36880, "wage90th": 111130, "projectedGrowthPct": 6.5, "genaiExposure": 75, "topRiskFactors": [ "Chatbot-based employee self-service reducing HR management", "Generative AI producing marketing and creative copy", "AI-driven workforce planning and scheduling", "Chatbot displacement of customer-facing interactions" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Building organizational culture and employee engagement", "Navigating complex interpersonal and political dynamics", "Strategic 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"topTasks": [ "Record work activities performed.", "Inspect premises to identify infestation source and extent of damage to property, wall, or roof porosity and access to infested locations.", "Recommend treatment and prevention methods for pest problems to clients.", "Spray or dust chemical solutions, powders, or gases into rooms, onto clothing, furnishings, or wood, or over marshlands, ditches, or catch basins.", "Clean work site after completion of job." ], "topSkills": [ "Data base user interface and query software", "Electronic mail software", "Accounting software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "Public Safety and Security", "English Language", "Chemistry", "Biology" ] }, { "slug": "pesticide-handlers-sprayers-and-applicators-vegetation", "socCode": "37-3012", "title": "Pesticide Handlers, Sprayers, and Applicators, Vegetation", "category": "maintenance", "riskScore": 46, "freyOsborneProb": 0.97, "employment": 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"Occupational Therapy and Physical Therapist Assistants and Aides", "slug": "occupational-therapy-and-physical-therapist-assistants-and-aides", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 61730, "skillsOverlap": 77 }, { "title": "Dentists, All Other Specialists", "slug": "dentists-all-other-specialists", "riskScore": 13, "medianWage": 225770, "skillsOverlap": 52 }, { "title": "Social Workers, All Other", "slug": "social-workers-all-other", "riskScore": 22, "medianWage": 69480, "skillsOverlap": 69 } ], "topTasks": [ "Clean and organize work area and disinfect equipment after treatment.", "Secure patients into or onto therapy equipment.", "Instruct, motivate, safeguard, or assist patients practicing exercises or functional activities, under direction of medical staff.", "Confer with physical therapy staff or others to discuss and evaluate patient information for planning, modifying, or coordinating treatment.", "Observe patients during treatment to compile and evaluate data on patients' responses and 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rapport with patients and families" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Dentists, All Other Specialists", "slug": "dentists-all-other-specialists", "riskScore": 13, "medianWage": 225770, "skillsOverlap": 50 }, { "title": "Occupational Therapy and Physical Therapist Assistants and Aides", "slug": "occupational-therapy-and-physical-therapist-assistants-and-aides", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 61730, "skillsOverlap": 70 }, { "title": "Social Workers, All Other", "slug": "social-workers-all-other", "riskScore": 22, "medianWage": 69480, "skillsOverlap": 67 } ], "topTasks": [ "Instruct, motivate, safeguard, and assist patients as they practice exercises or functional activities.", "Document patient information, such as notes on their progress.", "Observe patients during treatments to compile and evaluate data on their responses and progress and provide results to physical therapist in person or through progress notes.", "Instruct patients in proper body mechanics and in ways to improve 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"Empathetic patient communication and bedside manner", "Ethical decision-making in end-of-life situations" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Dentists, All Other Specialists", "slug": "dentists-all-other-specialists", "riskScore": 13, "medianWage": 225770, "skillsOverlap": 81 }, { "title": "Dentists, General", "slug": "dentists-general", "riskScore": 24, "medianWage": 172790, "skillsOverlap": 74 }, { "title": "Podiatrists", "slug": "podiatrists", "riskScore": 28, "medianWage": 152800, "skillsOverlap": 81 } ], "topTasks": [ "Plan, prepare, or carry out individually designed programs of physical treatment to maintain, improve, or restore physical functioning, alleviate pain, or prevent physical dysfunction in patients.", "Perform and document an initial exam, evaluating data to identify problems and determine a diagnosis prior to intervention.", "Record prognosis, treatment, response, and progress in patient's chart or enter information into computer.", "Instruct patient and family in 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"topSkills": [ "Medical software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software", "Electronic mail software", "Word processing software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Medicine and Dentistry", "Biology", "English Language", "Psychology", "Therapy and Counseling" ] }, { "slug": "physicians-all-other", "socCode": "29-1229", "title": "Physicians, All Other", "category": "healthcare", "riskScore": 47, "freyOsborneProb": 0.4, "employment": 315360, "medianWage": 239200, "wage10th": 66860, "wage90th": 0, "projectedGrowthPct": 2.5, "genaiExposure": 79, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI summarization replacing manual report compilation", "Administrative automation of medical billing and coding", "Automated patient monitoring and alert systems", "AI-assisted diagnostic imaging reducing radiologist workload" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Complex clinical judgment in ambiguous presentations", "Emergency triage requiring rapid human judgment", "Empathetic patient communication and bedside manner", "Hands-on physical 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"transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Dentists, All Other Specialists", "slug": "dentists-all-other-specialists", "riskScore": 13, "medianWage": 225770, "skillsOverlap": 82 }, { "title": "Dentists, General", "slug": "dentists-general", "riskScore": 24, "medianWage": 172790, "skillsOverlap": 75 }, { "title": "Prosthodontists", "slug": "prosthodontists", "riskScore": 34, "medianWage": 0, "skillsOverlap": 70 } ], "topTasks": [ "Examine microscopic samples to identify diseases or other abnormalities.", "Diagnose diseases or study medical conditions, using techniques such as gross pathology, histology, cytology, cytopathology, clinical chemistry, immunology, flow cytometry, or molecular biology.", "Write pathology reports summarizing analyses, results, and conclusions.", "Communicate pathologic findings to surgeons or other physicians.", "Identify the etiology, pathogenesis, morphological change, and clinical significance of diseases." ], "topSkills": [ "Accounting software", "Medical software", 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lessons", "Managing classroom dynamics and student behavior" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Dentists, All Other Specialists", "slug": "dentists-all-other-specialists", "riskScore": 13, "medianWage": 225770, "skillsOverlap": 55 }, { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 69 }, { "title": "Postsecondary Teachers", "slug": "postsecondary-teachers", "riskScore": 22, "medianWage": 81600, "skillsOverlap": 72 } ], "topTasks": [ "Evaluate and grade students' class work, laboratory work, assignments, and papers.", "Prepare course materials, such as syllabi, homework assignments, and handouts.", "Compile, administer, and grade examinations, or assign this work to others.", "Prepare and deliver lectures to undergraduate or graduate students on topics such as quantum mechanics, particle physics, and optics.", "Maintain regularly scheduled office hours to advise and assist students." ], "topSkills": [ "Computer aided design CAD software", "Computer based training software", "Development environment software", "Object or component oriented development software", "Calendar and scheduling software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Mathematics", "Physics", "Education and Training", "English Language", "Computers and Electronics" ] }, { "slug": "pile-driver-operators", "socCode": "47-2072", "title": "Pile Driver Operators", "category": "construction", "riskScore": 43, "freyOsborneProb": 0.82, "employment": 3040, "medianWage": 70510, "wage10th": 46690, "wage90th": 121990, "projectedGrowthPct": 4.3, "genaiExposure": 10, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI project scheduling and resource optimization", "Drone-based site surveying and inspection", "Robotic bricklaying and prefabrication automation", "Autonomous heavy equipment operation" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Navigating unpredictable and unstructured job sites", "Real-time 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using heavy equipment with a pile driver head.", "Conduct pre-operational checks on equipment to ensure proper functioning.", "Clean, lubricate, and refill equipment." ], "topSkills": [ "Electronic mail software", "Mobile location based services software", "Analytical or scientific software", "Spreadsheet software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Building and Construction", "Mechanical", "Mathematics", "Transportation", "Engineering and Technology" ] }, { "slug": "pipelayers", "socCode": "47-2151", "title": "Pipelayers", "category": "construction", "riskScore": 54, "freyOsborneProb": 0.62, "employment": 33580, "medianWage": 48710, "wage10th": 36840, "wage90th": 80710, "projectedGrowthPct": -4.1, "genaiExposure": 27, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI project scheduling and resource optimization", "Autonomous heavy equipment operation", "Drone-based site surveying and inspection", "Robotic bricklaying and prefabrication automation" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Navigating unpredictable and unstructured job sites", "Adapting to unique building configurations on-site", "Client-facing consultation on custom project needs", "Physical work in confined or elevated spaces" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 53 }, { "title": "Extraction Workers", "slug": "extraction-workers", "riskScore": 29, "medianWage": 56020, "skillsOverlap": 80 }, { "title": "Electricians", "slug": "electricians", "riskScore": 32, "medianWage": 62350, "skillsOverlap": 74 } ], "topTasks": [ "Install or use instruments such as lasers, grade rods, or transit levels.", "Cut pipes to required lengths.", "Connect pipe pieces and seal joints, using welding equipment, cement, or glue.", "Cover pipes with earth or other materials.", "Install or repair sanitary or stormwater sewer structures or pipe systems." ], "topSkills": [ "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software", "Word processing software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Building and Construction", "Mechanical", "Mathematics", "Public Safety and Security", "Design" ] }, { "slug": "plant-and-system-operators", "socCode": "51-8000", "title": "Plant and System Operators", "category": "production", "riskScore": 46, "freyOsborneProb": 0.61, "employment": 287720, "medianWage": 70740, "wage10th": 42950, "wage90th": 112070, "projectedGrowthPct": -5.3, "genaiExposure": 35, "topRiskFactors": [ "Cobots handling repetitive material handling tasks", "Smart factory scheduling and production optimization", "Predictive maintenance reducing manual inspection roles", "Automated CNC programming and machine operation" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Troubleshooting complex equipment malfunctions", "Quality judgment requiring tactile and visual inspection", "Coordinating workflow across diverse production teams", "Handling non-standard materials and configurations" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 57 }, { "title": "Supervisors of Production Workers", "slug": "supervisors-of-production-workers", "riskScore": 34, "medianWage": 71190, "skillsOverlap": 84 }, { "title": "Electrical Power-Line Installers and Repairers", "slug": "electrical-power-line-installers-and-repairers", "riskScore": 28, "medianWage": 92560, "skillsOverlap": 61 } ], "topTasks": [], "topSkills": [], "topKnowledge": [] }, { "slug": "plant-and-system-operators-all-other", "socCode": "51-8099", "title": "Plant and System Operators, All Other", "category": "production", "riskScore": 62, "freyOsborneProb": 0.86, "employment": 15950, "medianWage": 61710, "wage10th": 40250, "wage90th": 92750, "projectedGrowthPct": 1.6, "genaiExposure": 56, "topRiskFactors": [ "Industrial robotics replacing manual assembly tasks", "AI quality inspection via computer vision systems", "Smart factory scheduling and production optimization", "Cobots handling repetitive material handling tasks" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Coordinating workflow across diverse 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laboratory tests or analyses to assess biofuels quality.", "Operate equipment, such as a centrifuge, to extract biofuels products and secondary by-products or reusable fractions." ], "topSkills": [ "Facilities management software", "Analytical or scientific software", "Industrial control software", "Enterprise resource planning ERP software", "Inventory management software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Production and Processing", "Mechanical", "English Language", "Public Safety and Security", "Chemistry" ] }, { "slug": "plasterers-and-stucco-masons", "socCode": "47-2161", "title": "Plasterers and Stucco Masons", "category": "construction", "riskScore": 37, "freyOsborneProb": 0.84, "employment": 20880, "medianWage": 56020, "wage10th": 38610, "wage90th": 92930, "projectedGrowthPct": 4.1, "genaiExposure": 10, "topRiskFactors": [ "3D printing of building components", "Autonomous heavy equipment operation", "BIM-integrated automated progress tracking" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Navigating unpredictable and unstructured job sites", "Real-time safety judgment in hazardous conditions", "Physical work in confined or elevated spaces", "Fine motor craftsmanship in custom installations" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 59 }, { "title": "Extraction Workers", "slug": "extraction-workers", "riskScore": 29, "medianWage": 56020, "skillsOverlap": 76 }, { "title": "Electricians", "slug": "electricians", "riskScore": 32, "medianWage": 62350, "skillsOverlap": 70 } ], "topTasks": [ "Cover surfaces such as windows, doors, or sidewalks to protect from splashing.", "Clean job sites.", "Mix mortar and plaster to desired consistency or direct workers who perform mixing.", "Apply coats of plaster or stucco to walls, ceilings, or partitions of buildings, using trowels, brushes, or spray guns.", "Set up scaffolds." ], "topSkills": [ "Accounting software", "Computer aided design CAD software", "Graphics or photo 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calibration of custom production runs", "Quality judgment requiring tactile and visual inspection" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 57 }, { "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Transportation and Material Moving Workers, Except Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-transportation-and-material-moving-workers-except-aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 61890, "skillsOverlap": 67 }, { "title": "Fabric and Apparel Patternmakers", "slug": "fabric-and-apparel-patternmakers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 67670, "skillsOverlap": 71 } ], "topTasks": [ "Immerse workpieces in coating solutions or liquid metal or plastic for specified times.", "Adjust dials to regulate flow of current and voltage supplied to terminals to control plating processes.", "Inspect coated or plated areas for defects, such as air bubbles or uneven coverage.", "Set up, operate, or tend plating or coating machines to coat metal or plastic products with chromium, zinc, copper, cadmium, nickel, or other metal to protect or decorate surfaces.", "Observe gauges to ensure that machines are operating properly, making adjustments or stopping machines when problems occur." ], "topSkills": [ "Computer aided design CAD software", "Compliance software", "Spreadsheet software", "Electronic mail software", "Word processing software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Production and Processing", "Mathematics", "Chemistry", "English Language", "Mechanical" ] }, { "slug": "plumbers-pipefitters-and-steamfitters", "socCode": "47-2152", "title": "Plumbers, Pipefitters, and Steamfitters", "category": "construction", "riskScore": 41, "freyOsborneProb": 0.35, "employment": 455940, "medianWage": 62970, "wage10th": 40670, "wage90th": 105150, "projectedGrowthPct": 4.5, "genaiExposure": 40, "topRiskFactors": [ "Robotic bricklaying and prefabrication automation", "Autonomous heavy 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connect fixtures and plumbing.", "Assemble pipe sections, tubing, or fittings, using couplings, clamps, screws, bolts, cement, plastic solvent, caulking, or soldering, brazing, or welding equipment.", "Locate and mark the position of pipe installations, connections, passage holes, or fixtures in structures, using measuring instruments such as rulers or levels.", "Cut, thread, or hammer pipes to specifications, using tools such as saws, cutting torches, pipe threaders, or pipe benders." ], "topSkills": [ "Computer aided design CAD software", "Word processing software", "Analytical or scientific software", "Accounting software", "Data base user interface and query software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Mechanical", "Building and Construction", "Customer and Personal Service", "English Language", "Engineering and Technology" ] }, { "slug": "podiatrists", "socCode": "29-1081", "title": "Podiatrists", "category": "healthcare", "riskScore": 28, "freyOsborneProb": 0.005, "employment": 9520, 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"Treat bone, muscle, and joint disorders affecting the feet and ankles.", "Diagnose diseases and deformities of the foot using medical histories, physical examinations, x-rays, and laboratory test results.", "Advise patients about treatments and foot care techniques necessary for prevention of future problems.", "Prescribe medications, corrective devices, physical therapy, or surgery.", "Surgically treat conditions such as corns, calluses, ingrown nails, tumors, shortened tendons, bunions, cysts, or abscesses." ], "topSkills": [ "Medical software", "Electronic mail software", "Web page creation and editing software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Graphics or photo imaging software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Medicine and Dentistry", "Customer and Personal Service", "English Language", "Education and Training", "Computers and Electronics" ] }, { "slug": "police-and-sheriff-s-patrol-officers", "socCode": "33-3051", "title": "Police and Sheriff's Patrol Officers", "category": 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"slug": "supervisors-of-office-and-administrative-support-workers", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 66140, "skillsOverlap": 81 }, { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 55 }, { "title": "Lawyers, Judges, and Related Workers", "slug": "lawyers-judges-and-related-workers", "riskScore": 17, "medianWage": 144040, "skillsOverlap": 53 } ], "topTasks": [ "Mark copy to indicate and correct errors in type, arrangement, grammar, punctuation, or spelling, using standard printers' marks.", "Read corrected copies or proofs to ensure that all corrections have been made.", "Correct or record omissions, errors, or inconsistencies found.", "Compare information or figures on one record against same data on other records, or with original copy, to detect errors.", "Route proofs with marked corrections to authors, editors, 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deep client relationship knowledge", "Navigating regulatory ambiguity and compliance judgment", "Stakeholder management in complex organizational settings", "Crisis financial decision-making under uncertainty" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 51 }, { "title": "Lawyers, Judges, and Related Workers", "slug": "lawyers-judges-and-related-workers", "riskScore": 17, "medianWage": 144040, "skillsOverlap": 69 }, { "title": "Business Operations Specialists", "slug": "business-operations-specialists", "riskScore": 28, "medianWage": 80410, "skillsOverlap": 72 } ], "topTasks": [], "topSkills": [], "topKnowledge": [] }, { "slug": "property-real-estate-and-community-association-managers", "socCode": "11-9141", "title": "Property, Real Estate, and Community Association Managers", "category": "management", "riskScore": 59, "freyOsborneProb": 0.81, "employment": 296640, "medianWage": 66700, "wage10th": 39360, "wage90th": 141040, "projectedGrowthPct": 3.6, "genaiExposure": 76, "topRiskFactors": [ "Chatbot-based employee self-service reducing HR management", "AI-generated written content replacing manual drafting", "AI-driven workforce planning and scheduling", "AI-powered research and literature review tools" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Strategic vision-setting in uncertain markets", "Navigating complex interpersonal and political dynamics", "Conflict resolution and mediation across departments", "Building organizational culture and employee engagement" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 71 }, { "title": "Education Administrators, All Other", "slug": "education-administrators-all-other", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 89040, "skillsOverlap": 76 }, { "title": "Architectural and Engineering Managers", "slug": "architectural-and-engineering-managers", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 167740, "skillsOverlap": 72 } ], "topTasks": [ "Prepare detailed budgets and financial reports for properties.", "Manage and oversee operations, maintenance, administration, and improvement of commercial, industrial, or residential properties.", "Plan, schedule, and coordinate general maintenance, major repairs, and remodeling or construction projects for commercial or residential properties.", "Direct collection of monthly assessments, rental fees, and deposits and payment of insurance premiums, mortgage, taxes, and incurred operating expenses.", "Meet with clients to negotiate management and service contracts, determine priorities, and discuss the financial and operational status of properties." ], "topSkills": [ "Data base user interface and query software", "Access software", "Calendar and scheduling software", "Web page creation and editing software", "Data mining software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "Administration and Management", "Economics and Accounting", "English Language", "Law and Government" ] }, { "slug": "prosthodontists", "socCode": "29-1024", "title": "Prosthodontists", "category": "healthcare", "riskScore": 34, "freyOsborneProb": 0.055, "employment": 760, "medianWage": 239200, "wage10th": 97370, "wage90th": 0, "projectedGrowthPct": 4.5, "genaiExposure": 61, "topRiskFactors": [ "Automated data interpretation and insight generation", "AI-assisted diagnostic imaging reducing radiologist workload", "AI summarization replacing manual report compilation" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Emergency triage requiring rapid human judgment", "Ethical decision-making in end-of-life situations", "Hands-on physical examination and procedures", "Complex clinical judgment in ambiguous presentations" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Dentists, All Other Specialists", "slug": "dentists-all-other-specialists", "riskScore": 13, "medianWage": 225770, "skillsOverlap": 72 }, { "title": "Dentists, General", "slug": "dentists-general", "riskScore": 24, "medianWage": 172790, "skillsOverlap": 80 }, { "title": "Occupational Therapists", "slug": "occupational-therapists", "riskScore": 28, "medianWage": 98340, "skillsOverlap": 72 } ], "topTasks": [ "Examine patients to diagnose oral health conditions and diseases.", "Fit prostheses to patients, making any necessary adjustments and modifications.", "Replace missing teeth and associated oral structures with permanent fixtures, such as implant-supported prostheses, crowns and bridges, or removable fixtures, such as dentures.", "Measure and take impressions of patients' jaws and teeth to determine the shape and size of dental prostheses, using face bows, dental articulators, recording devices, and other materials.", "Collaborate with general 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"Physical apprehension and emergency response", "Community relationship-building and trust development", "De-escalation of volatile interpersonal confrontations" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Education Administrators, All Other", "slug": "education-administrators-all-other", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 89040, "skillsOverlap": 65 }, { "title": "Social Workers, All Other", "slug": "social-workers-all-other", "riskScore": 22, "medianWage": 69480, "skillsOverlap": 63 }, { "title": "Substance Abuse, Behavioral Disorder, and Mental Health Counselors", "slug": "substance-abuse-behavioral-disorder-and-mental-health-counselors", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 59190, "skillsOverlap": 61 } ], "topTasks": [ "Investigate known or suspected internal theft, external theft, or vendor fraud.", "Implement or monitor processes to reduce property or financial losses.", "Identify and report merchandise or stock shortages.", "Maintain documentation or reports on security-related incidents or 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"Building rapport with patients and families", "Compassionate hands-on patient care and comfort", "Physical repositioning and mobility assistance", "Adapting to individual patient emotional needs" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Occupational Therapy and Physical Therapist Assistants and Aides", "slug": "occupational-therapy-and-physical-therapist-assistants-and-aides", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 61730, "skillsOverlap": 75 }, { "title": "Dentists, All Other Specialists", "slug": "dentists-all-other-specialists", "riskScore": 13, "medianWage": 225770, "skillsOverlap": 50 }, { "title": "Social Workers, All Other", "slug": "social-workers-all-other", "riskScore": 22, "medianWage": 69480, "skillsOverlap": 67 } ], "topTasks": [ "Listen and provide emotional support and encouragement to psychiatric patients.", "Provide patients with cognitive, intellectual, or developmental disabilities with routine physical, emotional, psychological, or rehabilitation care under the direction of 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therapeutic activities that enhance interpersonal skills or develop social relationships.", "Restrain violent, potentially violent, or suicidal patients by verbal or physical means as required.", "Lead prescribed individual or group therapy sessions as part of specific therapeutic procedures.", "Monitor patients' physical and emotional well-being and report unusual behavior or physical ailments to medical staff." ], "topSkills": [ "Medical software", "Inventory management software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software", "Electronic mail software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Psychology", "Therapy and Counseling", "English Language", "Customer and Personal Service", "Medicine and Dentistry" ] }, { "slug": "psychiatrists", "socCode": "29-1223", "title": "Psychiatrists", "category": "healthcare", "riskScore": 46, "freyOsborneProb": 0.4, "employment": 24800, "medianWage": 239200, "wage10th": 77360, "wage90th": 0, "projectedGrowthPct": 6.1, "genaiExposure": 80, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI-assisted diagnostic imaging reducing radiologist workload", "Telehealth platforms automating triage and intake", "AI coding assistants reducing developer demand", "AI summarization replacing manual report compilation" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Hands-on physical examination and procedures", "Empathetic patient communication and bedside manner", "Emergency triage requiring rapid human judgment", "Interdisciplinary care coordination" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Dentists, All Other Specialists", "slug": "dentists-all-other-specialists", "riskScore": 13, "medianWage": 225770, "skillsOverlap": 81 }, { "title": "Dentists, General", "slug": "dentists-general", "riskScore": 24, "medianWage": 172790, "skillsOverlap": 74 }, { "title": "Prosthodontists", "slug": "prosthodontists", "riskScore": 34, "medianWage": 0, "skillsOverlap": 84 } ], "topTasks": [ "Prescribe, direct, or administer psychotherapeutic treatments or medications to treat mental, emotional, or behavioral disorders.", "Gather and maintain patient information and records, including social or medical history obtained from patients, relatives, or other professionals.", "Design individualized care plans, using a variety of treatments.", "Collaborate with physicians, psychologists, social workers, psychiatric nurses, or other professionals to discuss treatment plans and progress.", "Analyze and evaluate patient data or test findings to diagnose nature or extent of mental disorder." ], "topSkills": [ "Medical software", "Time accounting software", "Accounting software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Therapy and Counseling", "Psychology", "Medicine and Dentistry", "English Language", "Biology" ], "wageNote": "Exceeds BLS reporting threshold" }, { "slug": "psychologists-all-other", "socCode": "19-3039", "title": "Psychologists, All Other", "category": "science", "riskScore": 32, "freyOsborneProb": 0.004, "employment": 17790, "medianWage": 117580, "wage10th": 51410, 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"medianWage": 225770, "skillsOverlap": 67 }, { "title": "Postsecondary Teachers", "slug": "postsecondary-teachers", "riskScore": 22, "medianWage": 81600, "skillsOverlap": 79 }, { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 61 } ], "topTasks": [ "Prepare and deliver lectures to undergraduate or graduate students on topics such as abnormal psychology, cognitive processes, and work motivation.", "Initiate, facilitate, and moderate classroom discussions.", "Evaluate and grade students' class work, laboratory work, assignments, and papers.", "Keep abreast of developments in the field by reading current literature, talking with colleagues, and participating in professional conferences.", "Compile, administer, and grade examinations, or assign this work to others." ], "topSkills": [ "Medical software", "Computer based 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[ { "title": "Artists and Related Workers, All Other", "slug": "artists-and-related-workers-all-other", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 72760, "skillsOverlap": 71 }, { "title": "Fashion Designers", "slug": "fashion-designers", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 80690, "skillsOverlap": 71 }, { "title": "Special Effects Artists and Animators", "slug": "special-effects-artists-and-animators", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 99800, "skillsOverlap": 82 } ], "topTasks": [ "Respond to requests for information from the media or designate an appropriate spokesperson or information source.", "Plan or direct development or communication of programs to maintain favorable public or stockholder perceptions of an organization's accomplishments, agenda, or environmental responsibility.", "Post and update content on the company's Web site and social media outlets.", "Write press releases or other media communications to promote clients.", "Establish or maintain cooperative relationships with representatives of community, consumer, employee, or public interest groups." ], "topSkills": [ "Word processing software", "Document management software", "Development environment software", "Video creation and editing software", "Graphics or photo imaging software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Communications and Media", "English Language", "Administration and Management", "Customer and Personal Service", "Sales and Marketing" ] }, { "slug": "public-safety-telecommunicators", "socCode": "43-5031", "title": "Public Safety Telecommunicators", "category": "office-admin", "riskScore": 56, "freyOsborneProb": 0.49, "employment": 101140, "medianWage": 50730, "wage10th": 35640, "wage90th": 78110, "projectedGrowthPct": 3.5, "genaiExposure": 78, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI-generated written content replacing manual drafting", "Intelligent document processing and OCR automation", "AI scheduling and calendar management assistants", "AI summarization replacing manual report compilation" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Coordinating 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response needed.", "Determine response requirements and relative priorities of situations, and dispatch units in accordance with established procedures.", "Receive incoming telephone or alarm system calls regarding emergency and non-emergency police and fire service, emergency ambulance service, information, and after-hours calls for departments within a city.", "Relay information and messages to and from emergency sites, to law enforcement agencies, and to all other individuals or groups requiring notification." ], "topSkills": [ "Data base user interface and query software", "Helpdesk or call center software", "Office suite software", "Geographic information system", "Mobile messaging service software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Public Safety and Security", "Law and Government", "English Language", "Telecommunications", "Customer and Personal Service" ] }, { "slug": "pump-operators-except-wellhead-pumpers", "socCode": "53-7072", "title": "Pump Operators, Except Wellhead Pumpers", "category": "transportation", "riskScore": 65, "freyOsborneProb": 0.9, "employment": 12600, "medianWage": 60020, "wage10th": 37850, "wage90th": 89660, "projectedGrowthPct": 2.6, "genaiExposure": 67, "topRiskFactors": [ "Chatbot displacement of customer-facing interactions", "Large language model automation of analysis tasks", "AI-powered research and literature review tools", "AI route optimization reducing dispatcher roles" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Customer interaction and conflict resolution during delivery", "Emergency situation response and quick decision-making", "Navigating unpredictable road and weather conditions" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Transportation and Material Moving Workers, Except Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-transportation-and-material-moving-workers-except-aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 61890, "skillsOverlap": 80 }, { "title": "Aircraft Cargo Handling 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of materials or substances." ], "topSkills": [ "Facilities management software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software", "Electronic mail software", "Word processing software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Production and Processing", "Mechanical", "English Language", "Mathematics", "Administration and Management" ] }, { "slug": "purchasing-managers", "socCode": "11-3061", "title": "Purchasing Managers", "category": "management", "riskScore": 32, "freyOsborneProb": 0.03, "employment": 81240, "medianWage": 139510, "wage10th": 85500, "wage90th": 219140, "projectedGrowthPct": 3.1, "genaiExposure": 95, "topRiskFactors": [ "Project management automation and resource allocation AI", "AI-powered research and literature review tools", "Automated data interpretation and insight generation" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Conflict resolution and mediation across departments", "Strategic vision-setting in uncertain markets", "Navigating complex interpersonal and political dynamics", "Inspiring and leading teams through organizational change" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 77 }, { "title": "Architectural and Engineering Managers", "slug": "architectural-and-engineering-managers", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 167740, "skillsOverlap": 78 }, { "title": "Chief Executives", "slug": "chief-executives", "riskScore": 27, "medianWage": 206420, "skillsOverlap": 70 } ], "topTasks": [ "Develop and implement purchasing and contract management instructions, policies, and procedures.", "Locate vendors of materials, equipment or supplies, and interview them to determine product availability and terms of sales.", "Prepare bid awards requiring board approval.", "Direct and coordinate activities of personnel engaged in buying, selling, and distributing materials, equipment, machinery, and 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prescription, diagnosis, patient chart, and identification.", "Conduct most treatment sessions independently, in accordance with the long-term treatment plan and under the general direction of the patient's physician." ], "topSkills": [ "Medical software", "Development environment software", "Graphics or photo imaging software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "English Language", "Medicine and Dentistry", "Physics", "Mathematics" ] }, { "slug": "radio-cellular-and-tower-equipment-installers-and-repairers", "socCode": "49-2021", "title": "Radio, Cellular, and Tower Equipment Installers and Repairers", "category": "repair", "riskScore": 59, "freyOsborneProb": 0.93, "employment": 11400, "medianWage": 64190, "wage10th": 42360, "wage90th": 102550, "projectedGrowthPct": 8.6, "genaiExposure": 53, "topRiskFactors": [ "Augmented reality-guided remote diagnostics", "Predictive maintenance AI reducing reactive repair needs", 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"medianWage": 172790, "skillsOverlap": 82 }, { "title": "Prosthodontists", "slug": "prosthodontists", "riskScore": 34, "medianWage": 0, "skillsOverlap": 77 } ], "topTasks": [ "Prepare comprehensive interpretive reports of findings.", "Perform or interpret the outcomes of diagnostic imaging procedures including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computer tomography (CT), positron emission tomography (PET), nuclear cardiology treadmill studies, mammography, or ultrasound.", "Document the performance, interpretation, or outcomes of all procedures performed.", "Communicate examination results or diagnostic information to referring physicians, patients, or families.", "Obtain patients' histories from electronic records, patient interviews, dictated reports, or by communicating with referring clinicians." ], "topSkills": [ "Medical software", "Graphics or photo imaging software", "Electronic mail software", "Spreadsheet software", "Word processing software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Medicine and 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}, { "title": "Air Transportation Workers", "slug": "air-transportation-workers", "riskScore": 31, "medianWage": 106500, "skillsOverlap": 70 } ], "topTasks": [], "topSkills": [], "topKnowledge": [] }, { "slug": "rail-yard-engineers-dinkey-operators-and-hostlers", "socCode": "53-4013", "title": "Rail Yard Engineers, Dinkey Operators, and Hostlers", "category": "transportation", "riskScore": 60, "freyOsborneProb": 0.91, "employment": 3300, "medianWage": 58030, "wage10th": 44510, "wage90th": 79070, "projectedGrowthPct": 0.3, "genaiExposure": 36, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI traffic management and fleet coordination", "Drone delivery displacing last-mile logistics workers", "Automated warehouse sorting and loading systems", "Predictive maintenance reducing manual inspection needs" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Navigating unpredictable road and weather conditions", "Customer interaction and conflict resolution during delivery", "Manual loading of irregular and fragile cargo" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Transportation and Material Moving Workers, Except Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-transportation-and-material-moving-workers-except-aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 61890, "skillsOverlap": 70 }, { "title": "Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 29, "medianWage": 63940, "skillsOverlap": 77 }, { "title": "Air Transportation Workers", "slug": "air-transportation-workers", "riskScore": 31, "medianWage": 106500, "skillsOverlap": 73 } ], "topTasks": [ "Observe and respond to wayside and cab signals, including color light signals, position signals, torpedoes, flags, and hot box detectors.", "Inspect engines before and after use to ensure proper operation.", "Apply and release hand brakes.", "Signal crew members for movement of engines or trains, using lanterns, hand signals, radios, or telephones.", "Confer with 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"Adapting to unique building configurations on-site", "Real-time safety judgment in hazardous conditions", "Physical work in confined or elevated spaces", "Navigating unpredictable and unstructured job sites" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 55 }, { "title": "Supervisors of Construction and Extraction Workers", "slug": "supervisors-of-construction-and-extraction-workers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 78690, "skillsOverlap": 74 }, { "title": "Extraction Workers", "slug": "extraction-workers", "riskScore": 29, "medianWage": 56020, "skillsOverlap": 72 } ], "topTasks": [ "Patrol assigned track sections so that damaged or broken track can be located and reported.", "Repair or adjust track switches, using wrenches and replacement parts.", "Weld sections of track together, such as switch points and frogs.", "Observe leveling indicator arms to verify levelness and alignment of tracks.", "Operate 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"topSafeTasks": [ "Navigating complex urban environments with obstacles", "Customer interaction and conflict resolution during delivery", "Navigating unpredictable road and weather conditions", "Manual loading of irregular and fragile cargo" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Transportation and Material Moving Workers, Except Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-transportation-and-material-moving-workers-except-aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 61890, "skillsOverlap": 84 }, { "title": "Air Transportation Workers", "slug": "air-transportation-workers", "riskScore": 31, "medianWage": 106500, "skillsOverlap": 82 }, { "title": "Ship Engineers", "slug": "ship-engineers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 101320, "skillsOverlap": 78 } ], "topTasks": [ "Observe train signals along routes and verify their meanings for engineers.", "Signal locomotive engineers to start or stop trains when coupling or 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"education-administrators-all-other", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 89040, "skillsOverlap": 69 }, { "title": "Architectural and Engineering Managers", "slug": "architectural-and-engineering-managers", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 167740, "skillsOverlap": 65 } ], "topTasks": [ "Sell, for a fee, real estate owned by others.", "Obtain agreements from property owners to place properties for sale with real estate firms.", "Act as an intermediary in negotiations between buyers and sellers over property prices and settlement details and during the closing of sales.", "Generate lists of properties for sale, their locations, descriptions, and available financing options, using computers.", "Manage or operate real estate offices, handling associated business details." ], "topSkills": [ "Graphics or photo imaging software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Customer relationship management CRM software", "Web page creation and editing software", "Geographic information system" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Sales and Marketing", "Customer and Personal Service", "English Language", "Law and Government", "Administration and Management" ] }, { "slug": "real-estate-sales-agents", "socCode": "41-9022", "title": "Real Estate Sales Agents", "category": "sales", "riskScore": 57, "freyOsborneProb": 0.86, "employment": 190600, "medianWage": 56320, "wage10th": 31940, "wage90th": 125140, "projectedGrowthPct": 3.1, "genaiExposure": 70, "topRiskFactors": [ "Chatbot and virtual assistant sales displacement", "AI-generated written content replacing manual drafting", "AI coding assistants reducing developer demand", "AI-powered product recommendation engines" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Negotiating bespoke deals with multiple stakeholders", "Reading customer emotional cues and adapting approach", "In-person product demonstrations and hands-on experience", "Consultative selling for complex or high-value products" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public 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and response drafting" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Handling confidential and politically sensitive information", "Building trust-based relationships with executives", "Managing sensitive interpersonal workplace situations" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Supervisors of Office and Administrative Support Workers", "slug": "supervisors-of-office-and-administrative-support-workers", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 66140, "skillsOverlap": 70 }, { "title": "Education Administrators, All Other", "slug": "education-administrators-all-other", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 89040, "skillsOverlap": 69 }, { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 64 } ], "topTasks": [ "Operate telephone switchboard to answer, screen, or forward calls, providing information, taking messages, or scheduling appointments.", "Greet persons entering establishment, determine nature and purpose of visit, and direct or escort them to specific destinations.", "Receive payment and record receipts for services.", "Schedule appointments and maintain and update appointment calendars.", "Transmit information or documents to customers, using computer, mail, or facsimile machine." ], "topSkills": [ "Word processing software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Calendar and scheduling software", "Accounting software", "Customer relationship management CRM software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "Administrative", "English Language", "Computers and Electronics", "Mathematics" ] }, { "slug": "recreation-and-fitness-studies-teachers-postsecondary", "socCode": "25-1193", "title": "Recreation and Fitness Studies Teachers, Postsecondary", "category": "education", "riskScore": 55, "freyOsborneProb": 0.4, "employment": 12680, "medianWage": 75890, "wage10th": 44150, "wage90th": 158240, "projectedGrowthPct": 2.4, "genaiExposure": 95, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI tutoring systems providing personalized instruction", "Generative AI producing marketing and creative copy", "Automated grading and assessment tools", "Virtual classroom platforms reducing instructor demand" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Mentoring students through personal and academic challenges", "Inspiring and motivating students through personal connection", "Developing creative and engaging hands-on lessons", "Adapting instruction to individual learning needs in real-time" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Dentists, All Other Specialists", "slug": "dentists-all-other-specialists", "riskScore": 13, "medianWage": 225770, "skillsOverlap": 69 }, { "title": "Postsecondary Teachers", "slug": "postsecondary-teachers", "riskScore": 22, "medianWage": 81600, "skillsOverlap": 81 }, { "title": "Postsecondary Teachers, All Other", "slug": "postsecondary-teachers-all-other", "riskScore": 22, "medianWage": 78490, "skillsOverlap": 81 } ], "topTasks": [ "Initiate, facilitate, and moderate classroom discussions.", "Prepare course materials, such as syllabi, homework assignments, and handouts.", "Maintain student attendance records, grades, and other required records.", "Evaluate and grade students' class work, assignments, and papers.", "Prepare and deliver lectures to undergraduate or graduate students on topics such as anatomy, therapeutic recreation, and conditioning theory." ], "topSkills": [ "Computer based training software", "Calendar and scheduling software", "Word processing software", "Video creation and editing software", "Information retrieval or search software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Education and Training", "English Language", "Computers and Electronics", "Psychology", "Biology" ] }, { "slug": "recreation-workers", "socCode": "39-9032", "title": "Recreation Workers", "category": "personal-care", "riskScore": 35, "freyOsborneProb": 0.006, "employment": 309640, "medianWage": 35380, "wage10th": 25640, "wage90th": 49460, "projectedGrowthPct": 4.1, "genaiExposure": 71, "topRiskFactors": [ "Generative AI producing marketing and creative copy", "Automated data interpretation and insight generation", "Large language model automation of analysis tasks" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Creative aesthetic judgment for individual clients", "Personalized hands-on service requiring tactile skill", "Building trust and rapport with repeat clients", "Adapting techniques to individual body types and preferences" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Tour and Travel Guides", "slug": "tour-and-travel-guides", "riskScore": 27, "medianWage": 36660, "skillsOverlap": 76 }, { "title": "Concierges", "slug": "concierges", "riskScore": 29, "medianWage": 37320, "skillsOverlap": 72 }, { "title": "Social Workers, All Other", "slug": "social-workers-all-other", "riskScore": 22, "medianWage": 69480, "skillsOverlap": 51 } ], "topTasks": [ "Enforce rules and regulations of recreational facilities to maintain discipline and ensure safety.", "Organize, lead, and promote interest in recreational activities, such as arts, crafts, sports, games, camping, and hobbies.", "Assess the needs and interests of individuals and groups and plan activities accordingly, given the available equipment or facilities.", "Manage the daily operations of recreational facilities.", "Administer first aid according to prescribed procedures and notify emergency medical personnel when necessary." ], "topSkills": [ "Computer based training software", "Charting software", "Office suite software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Desktop publishing software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "English Language", "Public Safety and Security", "Customer and Personal Service", "Education and Training", "Law and Government" ] }, { "slug": "recreational-therapists", "socCode": "29-1125", "title": "Recreational Therapists", "category": "healthcare", "riskScore": 31, "freyOsborneProb": 0.003, "employment": 15060, "medianWage": 60280, "wage10th": 39520, "wage90th": 96600, "projectedGrowthPct": 3.3, "genaiExposure": 81, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI clinical decision-support tools guiding treatment", "Administrative automation of medical billing and coding", "Telehealth platforms automating triage and intake" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Interdisciplinary care coordination", "Emergency triage requiring rapid human judgment", "Complex clinical judgment in ambiguous presentations", "Ethical decision-making in end-of-life situations" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Dentists, All Other Specialists", "slug": "dentists-all-other-specialists", "riskScore": 13, "medianWage": 225770, "skillsOverlap": 81 }, { "title": "Dentists, General", "slug": "dentists-general", "riskScore": 24, "medianWage": 172790, "skillsOverlap": 74 }, { "title": "Occupational Therapists", "slug": "occupational-therapists", "riskScore": 28, "medianWage": 98340, "skillsOverlap": 81 } ], "topTasks": [ "Instruct patient in activities and techniques, such as sports, dance, music, art, or relaxation techniques, designed to meet their specific physical or psychological needs.", "Conduct therapy sessions to improve patients' mental and physical well-being.", "Plan, organize, direct, and participate in treatment programs and activities to facilitate patients' rehabilitation, help them integrate into the community, and prevent further medical problems.", "Observe, analyze, and record patients' participation, reactions, and progress during treatment sessions, modifying treatment programs as needed.", "Develop treatment plan to meet needs of patient, based on needs assessment, patient interests, and objectives of therapy." ], "topSkills": [ "Music or sound editing software", "Electronic mail software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software", "Presentation software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Psychology", "Therapy and Counseling", "Customer and Personal Service", "Education and Training", "English Language" ] }, { "slug": "recreational-vehicle-service-technicians", "socCode": "49-3092", "title": "Recreational Vehicle Service Technicians", "category": "repair", "riskScore": 50, "freyOsborneProb": 0.59, "employment": 18710, "medianWage": 50540, "wage10th": 35480, "wage90th": 76650, "projectedGrowthPct": 11.5, "genaiExposure": 31, "topRiskFactors": [ "Predictive maintenance AI reducing reactive repair needs", "Augmented reality-guided remote diagnostics", "Robotic inspection of hard-to-reach equipment", "Automated fault detection via IoT sensor networks" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Diagnosing novel equipment failures through physical inspection", "Working in confined, elevated, or hazardous spaces", "Adapting repairs to non-standard or legacy equipment", "Customer communication about technical issues" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 65 }, { "title": "Electrical Power-Line Installers and Repairers", "slug": "electrical-power-line-installers-and-repairers", "riskScore": 28, "medianWage": 92560, "skillsOverlap": 74 }, { "title": "Supervisors of Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Workers", "slug": "supervisors-of-installation-maintenance-and-repair-workers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 78300, "skillsOverlap": 79 } ], "topTasks": [ "Explain proper operation of vehicle systems to customers.", "Locate and repair frayed wiring, broken connections, or incorrect wiring, using ohmmeters, soldering irons, tape, or hand tools.", "Repair plumbing or propane gas lines, using caulking compounds and plastic or copper pipe.", "Confer with customers, read work orders, or examine vehicles needing repair to determine the nature and extent of damage.", "Examine or test operation of parts or systems to ensure completeness of repairs." ], "topSkills": [ "Electronic mail software", "Web page creation and editing software", "Inventory management software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Mechanical", "Customer and Personal Service", "Administration and Management", "Building and Construction", "Production and Processing" ] }, { "slug": "refractory-materials-repairers-except-brickmasons", "socCode": "49-9045", "title": "Refractory Materials Repairers, Except Brickmasons", "category": "repair", "riskScore": 68, "freyOsborneProb": 0.82, "employment": 1100, "medianWage": 58540, "wage10th": 37050, "wage90th": 81440, "projectedGrowthPct": -16.9, "genaiExposure": 10, "topRiskFactors": [ "Augmented reality-guided remote diagnostics", "Predictive maintenance AI reducing reactive repair needs", "AI parts inventory and supply chain optimization", "Automated fault detection via IoT sensor networks" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Diagnosing novel equipment failures through physical inspection", "Customer communication about technical issues", "Hands-on fine motor work in intricate machinery" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 61 }, { "title": "Electrical Power-Line Installers and Repairers", "slug": "electrical-power-line-installers-and-repairers", "riskScore": 28, "medianWage": 92560, "skillsOverlap": 80 }, { "title": "Supervisors of Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Workers", "slug": "supervisors-of-installation-maintenance-and-repair-workers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 78300, "skillsOverlap": 70 } ], "topTasks": [ "Reline or repair ladles and pouring spouts with refractory clay, using trowels.", "Chip slag from linings of ladles or remove linings when beyond repair, using hammers and chisels.", "Mix specified amounts of sand, clay, mortar powder, and water to form refractory clay or mortar, using shovels or mixing machines.", "Measure furnace walls to determine dimensions and cut required number of sheets from plastic block, using saws.", "Dry and bake new linings by placing inverted linings over burners, building fires in ladles, or by using blowtorches." ], "topSkills": [ "Facilities management software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Spreadsheet software", "Electronic mail software", "Presentation software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Mechanical", "Production and Processing", "Public Safety and Security", "English Language", "Mathematics" ] }, { "slug": "refuse-and-recyclable-material-collectors", "socCode": "53-7081", "title": "Refuse and Recyclable Material Collectors", "category": "transportation", "riskScore": 63, "freyOsborneProb": 0.93, "employment": 139180, "medianWage": 48350, "wage10th": 31810, "wage90th": 75200, "projectedGrowthPct": 0.9, "genaiExposure": 44, "topRiskFactors": [ "Drone delivery displacing last-mile logistics workers", "Autonomous vehicle and self-driving truck technology", "Automated warehouse sorting and loading systems", "AI traffic management and fleet coordination" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Navigating unpredictable road and weather conditions", "Emergency situation response and quick decision-making", "Customer interaction and conflict resolution during delivery" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Transportation and Material Moving Workers, Except Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-transportation-and-material-moving-workers-except-aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 61890, "skillsOverlap": 76 }, { "title": "Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 29, "medianWage": 63940, "skillsOverlap": 83 }, { "title": "Air Transportation Workers", "slug": "air-transportation-workers", "riskScore": 31, "medianWage": 106500, "skillsOverlap": 79 } ], "topTasks": [ "Inspect trucks prior to beginning routes to ensure safe operating condition.", "Drive trucks, following established routes, through residential streets or alleys or through business or industrial areas.", "Refuel trucks or add other fluids, such as oil or brake fluid.", "Dump refuse or recyclable materials at disposal 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end-of-life situations", "Hands-on physical examination and procedures", "Complex clinical judgment in ambiguous presentations" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Dentists, All Other Specialists", "slug": "dentists-all-other-specialists", "riskScore": 13, "medianWage": 225770, "skillsOverlap": 70 }, { "title": "Dentists, General", "slug": "dentists-general", "riskScore": 24, "medianWage": 172790, "skillsOverlap": 78 }, { "title": "Occupational Therapists", "slug": "occupational-therapists", "riskScore": 28, "medianWage": 98340, "skillsOverlap": 70 } ], "topTasks": [ "Record patients' medical information and vital signs.", "Administer medications to patients and monitor patients for reactions or side effects.", "Maintain accurate, detailed reports and records.", "Monitor, record, and report symptoms or changes in patients' conditions.", "Provide health care, first aid, immunizations, or assistance in convalescence or rehabilitation in locations such as schools, hospitals, or industry." ], "topSkills": [ "Medical software", "Business intelligence and data analysis software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Categorization or classification software", "Information retrieval or search software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Psychology", "Therapy and Counseling", "Medicine and Dentistry", "English Language", "Education and Training" ] }, { "slug": "rehabilitation-counselors", "socCode": "21-1015", "title": "Rehabilitation Counselors", "category": "community-social", "riskScore": 37, "freyOsborneProb": 0.009, "employment": 88930, "medianWage": 46110, "wage10th": 34480, "wage90th": 77200, "projectedGrowthPct": 1.4, "genaiExposure": 87, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI-driven case management and resource matching", "Chatbot displacement of customer-facing interactions", "Chatbot counseling and mental health screening tools" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Navigating complex family and community dynamics", "Advocacy and relationship-building with institutions", "Deep empathetic engagement with vulnerable populations", "Cultural sensitivity in diverse community contexts" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Social Workers, All Other", "slug": "social-workers-all-other", "riskScore": 22, "medianWage": 69480, "skillsOverlap": 75 }, { "title": "Substance Abuse, Behavioral Disorder, and Mental Health Counselors", "slug": "substance-abuse-behavioral-disorder-and-mental-health-counselors", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 59190, "skillsOverlap": 73 }, { "title": "Counselors, All Other", "slug": "counselors-all-other", "riskScore": 24, "medianWage": 49830, "skillsOverlap": 71 } ], "topTasks": [ "Prepare and maintain records and case files, including documentation, such as clients' personal and eligibility information, services provided, narratives of client contacts, or relevant correspondence.", "Confer with clients to discuss their options and goals so that rehabilitation programs and plans for accessing needed services can be developed.", "Develop rehabilitation plans that fit clients' aptitudes, education levels, physical abilities, and career goals.", "Locate barriers to client employment, such as inaccessible work sites, inflexible schedules, or transportation problems, and work with clients to develop strategies for overcoming these barriers.", "Monitor and record clients' progress to ensure that goals and objectives are met." ], "topSkills": [ "Document management software", "Accounting software", "Medical software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Electronic mail software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "Therapy and Counseling", "Psychology", "Education and Training", "English Language" ] }, { "slug": "reinforcing-iron-and-rebar-workers", "socCode": "47-2171", "title": "Reinforcing Iron and Rebar Workers", "category": "construction", "riskScore": 39, "freyOsborneProb": 0.9, "employment": 14140, "medianWage": 59280, "wage10th": 39470, "wage90th": 95530, "projectedGrowthPct": 4.6, "genaiExposure": 10, "topRiskFactors": [ "Autonomous heavy equipment operation", "3D printing of building components", "Drone-based site surveying and inspection" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Real-time safety judgment in hazardous conditions", "Navigating unpredictable and unstructured job sites", "Fine motor craftsmanship in custom installations", "Client-facing consultation on custom project needs" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 63 }, { "title": "Electricians", "slug": "electricians", "riskScore": 32, "medianWage": 62350, "skillsOverlap": 74 }, { "title": "Supervisors of Construction and Extraction Workers", "slug": "supervisors-of-construction-and-extraction-workers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 78690, "skillsOverlap": 72 } ], "topTasks": [ "Determine quantities, sizes, shapes, and locations of reinforcing rods from blueprints, sketches, or oral instructions.", "Space and fasten together rods in forms according to blueprints, using wire and pliers.", "Position and secure steel bars, rods, cables, or mesh in concrete forms, using fasteners, rod-bending machines, blowtorches, or hand tools.", "Cut rods to required lengths, using metal shears, hacksaws, bar cutters, or acetylene torches.", "Place blocks under rebar to hold the bars off the deck when reinforcing floors." ], "topSkills": [ "Project management software", "Computer aided design CAD software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Spreadsheet software", "Word processing software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Building and Construction", "Mathematics", "Administration and Management", "Design", "English Language" ] }, { "slug": "religious-workers", "socCode": "21-2000", "title": "Religious Workers", "category": "community-social", "riskScore": 35, "freyOsborneProb": 0.4, "employment": 91710, "medianWage": 58570, "wage10th": 35140, "wage90th": 98600, "projectedGrowthPct": 1.2, "genaiExposure": 35, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI translation and accessibility tools reducing interpreter needs", "Automated eligibility assessment for social programs", "Data analytics optimizing community program delivery" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Advocacy and relationship-building with institutions", "Cultural sensitivity in diverse community contexts", "Crisis intervention requiring immediate human judgment", "Navigating complex family and community dynamics" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Social Workers, All Other", "slug": "social-workers-all-other", "riskScore": 22, "medianWage": 69480, "skillsOverlap": 71 }, { "title": "Substance Abuse, Behavioral Disorder, and Mental Health Counselors", "slug": "substance-abuse-behavioral-disorder-and-mental-health-counselors", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 59190, "skillsOverlap": 84 }, { "title": "Dentists, All Other Specialists", "slug": "dentists-all-other-specialists", "riskScore": 13, "medianWage": 225770, "skillsOverlap": 54 } ], "topTasks": [], "topSkills": [], "topKnowledge": [] }, { "slug": "religious-workers-all-other", "socCode": "21-2099", "title": "Religious Workers, All Other", "category": "community-social", "riskScore": 36, "freyOsborneProb": 0.4, "employment": 12170, "medianWage": 45120, "wage10th": 29120, "wage90th": 75920, "projectedGrowthPct": 0.6, "genaiExposure": 35, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI translation and accessibility tools reducing interpreter needs", "Automated eligibility assessment for social programs", "AI-driven case management and resource matching" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Cultural sensitivity in diverse community contexts", "Deep empathetic engagement with vulnerable populations", "Advocacy and relationship-building with institutions", "Navigating complex family and community dynamics" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Social Workers, All Other", "slug": "social-workers-all-other", "riskScore": 22, "medianWage": 69480, "skillsOverlap": 73 }, { "title": "Substance Abuse, Behavioral Disorder, and Mental Health Counselors", "slug": "substance-abuse-behavioral-disorder-and-mental-health-counselors", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 59190, "skillsOverlap": 71 }, { "title": "Counselors, All Other", "slug": "counselors-all-other", "riskScore": 24, "medianWage": 49830, "skillsOverlap": 84 } ], "topTasks": [], "topSkills": [], "topKnowledge": [] }, { "slug": "reservation-and-transportation-ticket-agents-and-travel-clerks", "socCode": "43-4181", "title": "Reservation and Transportation Ticket Agents and Travel Clerks", "category": "office-admin", "riskScore": 53, "freyOsborneProb": 0.61, "employment": 127440, "medianWage": 41460, "wage10th": 34550, "wage90th": 75050, "projectedGrowthPct": 2.8, "genaiExposure": 59, "topRiskFactors": [ "Smart form extraction replacing manual data processing", "Intelligent document processing and OCR automation", "AI-powered email triage and response drafting", "AI scheduling and calendar management assistants" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Managing sensitive interpersonal workplace situations", "Exercising discretion in ambiguous administrative decisions", "Building trust-based relationships with executives", "Handling confidential and politically sensitive information" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Supervisors of Office and Administrative Support Workers", "slug": "supervisors-of-office-and-administrative-support-workers", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 66140, "skillsOverlap": 75 }, { "title": "Education Administrators, All Other", "slug": "education-administrators-all-other", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 89040, "skillsOverlap": 69 }, { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 64 } ], "topTasks": [ "Examine passenger documentation to determine destinations and to assign boarding passes.", "Trace lost, delayed, or misdirected baggage for customers.", "Check baggage and cargo and direct passengers to designated locations for loading.", "Provide boarding or disembarking assistance to passengers needing special assistance.", "Confer with customers to determine their service requirements and travel preferences." ], "topSkills": [ "Data base user interface and query software", "Office suite software", "Financial analysis software", "Electronic mail software", "Point of sale POS software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "English Language", "Computers and Electronics", "Public Safety and Security", "Transportation" ] }, { "slug": "residential-advisors", "socCode": "39-9041", "title": "Residential Advisors", "category": "personal-care", "riskScore": 41, "freyOsborneProb": 0.064, "employment": 82810, "medianWage": 39180, "wage10th": 28490, "wage90th": 58350, "projectedGrowthPct": 3.8, "genaiExposure": 76, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI fitness coaching apps displacing personal trainers", "Automated booking and client management platforms", "AI-generated written content replacing manual drafting", "Generative AI producing marketing and creative copy" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Creative aesthetic judgment for individual clients", "Adapting techniques to individual body types and preferences", "Emotional support and active listening during sessions", "Building trust and rapport with repeat clients" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Social Workers, All Other", "slug": "social-workers-all-other", "riskScore": 22, "medianWage": 69480, "skillsOverlap": 63 }, { "title": "Occupational Therapy and Physical Therapist Assistants and Aides", "slug": "occupational-therapy-and-physical-therapist-assistants-and-aides", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 61730, "skillsOverlap": 61 }, { "title": "Substance Abuse, Behavioral Disorder, and Mental Health Counselors", "slug": "substance-abuse-behavioral-disorder-and-mental-health-counselors", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 59190, "skillsOverlap": 61 } ], "topTasks": [ "Communicate with other staff to resolve problems with individual students.", "Observe students to detect and report unusual behavior.", "Supervise, train, and evaluate residence hall staff, including resident assistants, participants in work-study programs, and other student workers.", "Provide emergency first aid and summon medical assistance when necessary.", "Make regular rounds to ensure that residents and areas are safe and secure." ], "topSkills": [ "Accounting software", "Electronic mail software", "Word processing software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "Administration and Management", "Public Safety and Security", "Education and Training", "English Language" ] }, { "slug": "respiratory-therapists", "socCode": "29-1126", "title": "Respiratory Therapists", "category": "healthcare", "riskScore": 35, "freyOsborneProb": 0.066, "employment": 136420, "medianWage": 80450, "wage10th": 61900, "wage90th": 108820, "projectedGrowthPct": 12.1, "genaiExposure": 48, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI-assisted diagnostic imaging reducing radiologist workload", "Telehealth platforms automating triage and intake", "Automated patient monitoring and alert systems" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Empathetic patient communication and bedside manner", "Complex clinical judgment in ambiguous presentations", "Hands-on physical examination and procedures", "Interdisciplinary care coordination" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Dentists, All Other Specialists", "slug": "dentists-all-other-specialists", "riskScore": 13, "medianWage": 225770, "skillsOverlap": 74 }, { "title": "Dentists, General", "slug": "dentists-general", "riskScore": 24, "medianWage": 172790, "skillsOverlap": 82 }, { "title": "Occupational Therapists", "slug": "occupational-therapists", "riskScore": 28, "medianWage": 98340, "skillsOverlap": 74 } ], "topTasks": [ "Provide emergency care, such as artificial respiration, external cardiac massage, or assistance with cardiopulmonary resuscitation.", "Monitor patient's physiological responses to therapy, such as vital signs, arterial blood gases, or blood chemistry changes, and consult with physician if adverse reactions occur.", "Set up and operate devices, such as mechanical ventilators, therapeutic gas administration apparatus, environmental control systems, or aerosol generators, following specified parameters of treatment.", "Work as part of a team of physicians, nurses, or other healthcare professionals to manage patient care by assisting with medical procedures or related duties.", "Maintain charts that contain patients' pertinent identification and therapy information." ], "topSkills": [ "Calendar and scheduling software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Medical software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "Medicine and Dentistry", "English Language", "Education and Training", "Psychology" ] }, { "slug": "retail-sales-workers", "socCode": "41-2000", "title": "Retail Sales Workers", "category": "sales", "riskScore": 31, "freyOsborneProb": 0.075, "employment": 7633890, "medianWage": 33690, "wage10th": 24170, "wage90th": 46540, "projectedGrowthPct": -4, "genaiExposure": 35, "topRiskFactors": [ "E-commerce automation reducing in-store sales staff", "Self-checkout and cashierless store technology", "Dynamic pricing algorithms replacing pricing roles" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Negotiating bespoke deals with multiple stakeholders", "Building long-term client relationships and trust", "Resolving novel customer complaints with empathy", "Consultative selling for complex or high-value products" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Education Administrators, All Other", "slug": "education-administrators-all-other", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 89040, "skillsOverlap": 65 }, { "title": "Supervisors of Office and Administrative Support Workers", "slug": "supervisors-of-office-and-administrative-support-workers", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 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hands-on experience" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Education Administrators, All Other", "slug": "education-administrators-all-other", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 89040, "skillsOverlap": 55 }, { "title": "Supervisors of Office and Administrative Support Workers", "slug": "supervisors-of-office-and-administrative-support-workers", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 66140, "skillsOverlap": 51 }, { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 50 } ], "topTasks": [ "Greet customers and ascertain what each customer wants or needs.", "Recommend, select, and help locate or obtain merchandise based on customer needs and desires.", "Compute sales prices, total purchases, and receive and process cash or credit payment.", "Prepare merchandise for purchase or rental.", "Answer questions regarding the store and its 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"riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 55 }, { "title": "Supervisors of Construction and Extraction Workers", "slug": "supervisors-of-construction-and-extraction-workers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 78690, "skillsOverlap": 84 }, { "title": "Extraction Workers", "slug": "extraction-workers", "riskScore": 29, "medianWage": 56020, "skillsOverlap": 82 } ], "topTasks": [ "Train crews, and introduce procedures to make drill work more safe and effective.", "Observe pressure gauge and move throttles and levers to control the speed of rotary tables, and to regulate pressure of tools at bottoms of boreholes.", "Count sections of drill rod to determine depths of boreholes.", "Push levers and brake pedals to control gasoline, diesel, electric, or steam draw works that lower and raise drill pipes and casings in and out of wells.", "Connect sections of drill pipe, using hand tools and powered wrenches and tongs." ], "topSkills": [ "Industrial control software", "Data base user 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{ "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 61 }, { "title": "Extraction Workers", "slug": "extraction-workers", "riskScore": 29, "medianWage": 56020, "skillsOverlap": 83 }, { "title": "Electricians", "slug": "electricians", "riskScore": 32, "medianWage": 62350, "skillsOverlap": 77 } ], "topTasks": [ "Unscrew or tighten pipes, casing, tubing, and pump rods, using hand and power wrenches and tongs.", "Dismantle and repair oil field machinery, boilers, and steam engine parts, using hand tools and power tools.", "Guide cranes to move loads about decks.", "Walk flow lines to locate leaks, using electronic detectors and by making visual inspections, and repair the leaks.", "Lay gas and oil pipelines." ], "topSkills": [ "Data base management system software", "Inventory management software", "Project management software", "Enterprise resource planning ERP software", "Data base user interface and query software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Mechanical", "Customer and Personal Service", "Production and Processing", "Transportation", "Mathematics" ] }, { "slug": "sailors-and-marine-oilers", "socCode": "53-5011", "title": "Sailors and Marine Oilers", "category": "transportation", "riskScore": 53, "freyOsborneProb": 0.83, "employment": 31360, "medianWage": 49610, "wage10th": 33350, "wage90th": 81890, "projectedGrowthPct": 2.3, "genaiExposure": 38, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI traffic management and fleet coordination", "Drone delivery displacing last-mile logistics workers", "AI route optimization reducing dispatcher roles", "Automated warehouse sorting and loading systems" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Navigating complex urban environments with obstacles", "Emergency situation response and quick decision-making", "Manual loading of irregular and fragile cargo", "Customer interaction and conflict resolution during delivery" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Transportation and Material Moving Workers, Except 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"Building long-term client relationships and trust", "Consultative selling for complex or high-value products", "Reading customer emotional cues and adapting approach", "Negotiating bespoke deals with multiple stakeholders" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Education Administrators, All Other", "slug": "education-administrators-all-other", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 89040, "skillsOverlap": 67 }, { "title": "Supervisors of Office and Administrative Support Workers", "slug": "supervisors-of-office-and-administrative-support-workers", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 66140, "skillsOverlap": 63 }, { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 62 } ], "topTasks": [], "topSkills": [], "topKnowledge": [] }, { "slug": "sales-engineers", "socCode": "41-9031", "title": "Sales Engineers", "category": "sales", "riskScore": 36, "freyOsborneProb": 0.004, "employment": 56690, "medianWage": 121520, "wage10th": 70580, "wage90th": 202670, "projectedGrowthPct": 5.5, "genaiExposure": 81, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI-powered product recommendation engines", "Chatbot and virtual assistant sales displacement", "Generative AI producing marketing and creative copy" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Resolving novel customer complaints with empathy", "Building long-term client relationships and trust", "In-person product demonstrations and hands-on experience", "Consultative selling for complex or high-value products" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 65 }, { "title": "Architectural and Engineering Managers", "slug": "architectural-and-engineering-managers", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 167740, "skillsOverlap": 51 }, { "title": "Fundraising Managers", "slug": "fundraising-managers", "riskScore": 24, "medianWage": 123480, "skillsOverlap": 69 } ], "topTasks": [ "Develop, present, or respond to proposals for specific customer requirements, including request for proposal responses and industry-specific solutions.", "Collaborate with sales teams to understand customer requirements, to promote the sale of company products, and to provide sales support.", "Create sales or service contracts for products or services.", "Visit prospective buyers at commercial, industrial, or other establishments to show samples or catalogs, and to inform them about product pricing, availability, and advantages.", "Keep informed on industry news and trends, products, services, competitors, relevant information about legacy, existing, and emerging technologies, and the latest product-line developments." ], "topSkills": [ "Enterprise resource planning ERP software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Expert 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control panels to start semiconductor processing cycles.", "Maintain processing, production, and inspection information and reports.", "Inspect materials, components, or products for surface defects and measure circuitry, using electronic test equipment, precision measuring instruments, microscope, and standard procedures.", "Clean semiconductor wafers using cleaning equipment, such as chemical baths, automatic wafer cleaners, or blow-off wands.", "Study work orders, instructions, formulas, and processing charts to determine specifications and sequence of operations." ], "topSkills": [ "Industrial control software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software", "Presentation software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Production and Processing", "English Language", "Public Safety and Security", "Computers and Electronics", "Education and Training" ] }, { "slug": "separating-filtering-clarifying-precipitating-and-still-machine-setters-operators-and-tenders", "socCode": "51-9012", "title": "Separating, Filtering, Clarifying, Precipitating, and Still Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders", "category": "production", "riskScore": 66, "freyOsborneProb": 0.88, "employment": 54200, "medianWage": 49500, "wage10th": 35810, "wage90th": 75860, "projectedGrowthPct": -4.3, "genaiExposure": 48, "topRiskFactors": [ "Smart factory scheduling and production optimization", "Cobots handling repetitive material handling tasks", "Automated CNC programming and machine operation", "AI quality inspection via computer vision systems" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Troubleshooting complex equipment malfunctions", "Coordinating workflow across diverse production teams", "Handling non-standard materials and configurations" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 57 }, { "title": "First-Line 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regulate conditions such as material flow, temperature, or pressure." ], "topSkills": [ "Electronic mail software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software", "Presentation software", "Word processing software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Production and Processing", "Mechanical", "English Language", "Public Safety and Security", "Mathematics" ] }, { "slug": "septic-tank-servicers-and-sewer-pipe-cleaners", "socCode": "47-4071", "title": "Septic Tank Servicers and Sewer Pipe Cleaners", "category": "construction", "riskScore": 51, "freyOsborneProb": 0.83, "employment": 29050, "medianWage": 49140, "wage10th": 36500, "wage90th": 73670, "projectedGrowthPct": 7.6, "genaiExposure": 21, "topRiskFactors": [ "Autonomous heavy equipment operation", "AI project scheduling and resource optimization", "Drone-based site surveying and inspection", "Robotic bricklaying and prefabrication automation" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Physical work in confined or elevated spaces", "Navigating unpredictable and unstructured job sites", "Fine motor craftsmanship in custom installations", "Client-facing consultation on custom project needs" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 67 }, { "title": "Extraction Workers", "slug": "extraction-workers", "riskScore": 29, "medianWage": 56020, "skillsOverlap": 74 }, { "title": "Electricians", "slug": "electricians", "riskScore": 32, "medianWage": 62350, "skillsOverlap": 83 } ], "topTasks": [ "Communicate with supervisors and other workers, using equipment such as wireless phones, pagers, or radio telephones.", "Drive trucks to transport crews, materials, and equipment.", "Inspect manholes to locate sewer line stoppages.", "Operate sewer cleaning equipment, including power rodders, high-velocity water jets, sewer flushers, bucket machines, wayne balls, and vac-alls.", "Prepare and keep records of actions taken, including maintenance and repair work." ], "topSkills": [ "Accounting software", "Spreadsheet software", "Word processing software", "Route navigation software", "Internet browser software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "Transportation", "Mechanical", "English Language", "Public Safety and Security" ] }, { "slug": "service-unit-operators-oil-and-gas", "socCode": "47-5013", "title": "Service Unit Operators, Oil and Gas", "category": "construction", "riskScore": 58, "freyOsborneProb": 0.93, "employment": 44120, "medianWage": 57980, "wage10th": 40010, "wage90th": 93820, "projectedGrowthPct": 0.4, "genaiExposure": 24, "topRiskFactors": [ "3D printing of building components", "Autonomous heavy equipment operation", "BIM-integrated automated progress tracking", "AI project scheduling and resource optimization" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Navigating unpredictable and unstructured job sites", "Real-time safety judgment in hazardous conditions", "Physical work in confined or elevated spaces", "Client-facing consultation on custom project needs" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 61 }, { "title": "Electricians", "slug": "electricians", "riskScore": 32, "medianWage": 62350, "skillsOverlap": 82 }, { "title": "Supervisors of Construction and Extraction Workers", "slug": "supervisors-of-construction-and-extraction-workers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 78690, "skillsOverlap": 80 } ], "topTasks": [ "Maintain and perform safety inspections on equipment and tools.", "Operate controls that raise derricks or level rigs.", "Listen to engines, rotary chains, or other equipment to detect faulty operations or unusual well conditions.", "Prepare reports of services rendered, tools used, or time required, for billing purposes.", "Install pressure-control devices onto wellheads." ], "topSkills": [ "Facilities management software", "Analytical or scientific software", "Inventory management software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite 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"slug": "artists-and-related-workers-all-other", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 72760, "skillsOverlap": 70 }, { "title": "Fashion Designers", "slug": "fashion-designers", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 80690, "skillsOverlap": 70 }, { "title": "Special Effects Artists and Animators", "slug": "special-effects-artists-and-animators", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 99800, "skillsOverlap": 81 } ], "topTasks": [ "Develop set designs, based on evaluation of scripts, budgets, research information, and available locations.", "Prepare rough drafts and scale working drawings of sets, including floor plans, scenery, and properties to be constructed.", "Prepare preliminary renderings of proposed exhibits, including detailed construction, layout, and material specifications, and diagrams relating to aspects such as special effects or lighting.", "Read scripts to determine location, set, and design requirements.", "Submit plans for approval, and adapt plans to serve intended purposes, or to conform to budget or fabrication restrictions." ], "topSkills": [ "Video creation and editing software", "Document management software", "Graphics or photo imaging software", "Desktop publishing software", "File versioning software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Fine Arts", "Design", "Computers and Electronics", "Building and Construction", "History and Archeology" ] }, { "slug": "sewers-hand", "socCode": "51-6051", "title": "Sewers, Hand", "category": "production", "riskScore": 66, "freyOsborneProb": 0.99, "employment": 2240, "medianWage": 33760, "wage10th": 25530, "wage90th": 46320, "projectedGrowthPct": -7, "genaiExposure": 10, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI quality inspection via computer vision systems", "Industrial robotics replacing manual assembly tasks", "Smart factory scheduling and production optimization", "Automated CNC programming and machine operation" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Quality judgment requiring tactile and visual inspection", "Troubleshooting complex equipment malfunctions", "Setup and calibration of custom production runs" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Transportation and Material Moving Workers, Except Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-transportation-and-material-moving-workers-except-aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 61890, "skillsOverlap": 67 }, { "title": "Fabric and Apparel Patternmakers", "slug": "fabric-and-apparel-patternmakers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 67670, "skillsOverlap": 81 }, { "title": "Supervisors of Production Workers", "slug": "supervisors-of-production-workers", "riskScore": 34, "medianWage": 71190, "skillsOverlap": 79 } ], "topTasks": [ "Select thread, twine, cord, or yarn to be used, and thread needles.", "Measure and align parts, fasteners, or trimmings, following seams, edges, or markings on parts.", "Trim excess threads or edges of parts, using scissors or knives.", "Sew, join, reinforce, or finish parts of articles, such as garments, books, mattresses, toys, and wigs, using needles and thread or other materials.", "Use different sewing techniques such as felling, tacking, basting, embroidery, and fagoting." ], "topSkills": [ "Graphics or photo imaging software", "Computer aided design CAD software", "Optical character reader OCR or scanning software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "Administration and Management", "English Language", "Mechanical", "Education and Training" ] }, { "slug": "sewing-machine-operators", "socCode": "51-6031", "title": "Sewing Machine Operators", "category": "production", "riskScore": 67, "freyOsborneProb": 0.89, "employment": 109590, "medianWage": 36000, "wage10th": 26860, "wage90th": 47060, "projectedGrowthPct": -10.8, "genaiExposure": 24, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI quality inspection via computer vision systems", "Industrial robotics replacing manual assembly tasks", "Cobots handling repetitive material 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spools of thread, cord, or other materials on spindles, insert bobbins, and thread ends through machine guides and components.", "Position items under needles, using marks on machines, clamps, templates, or cloth as guides.", "Guide garments or garment parts under machine needles and presser feet to sew parts together.", "Remove holding devices and finished items from machines." ], "topSkills": [ "Electronic mail software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software", "Word processing software", "Internet browser software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "English Language", "Production and Processing", "Mathematics", "Education and Training", "Customer and Personal Service" ] }, { "slug": "shampooers", "socCode": "39-5093", "title": "Shampooers", "category": "personal-care", "riskScore": 62, "freyOsborneProb": 0.79, "employment": 8890, "medianWage": 31470, "wage10th": 22880, "wage90th": 35970, "projectedGrowthPct": 5.5, "genaiExposure": 53, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI fitness coaching apps 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treatment.", "Treat scalp conditions and hair loss, using specialized lotions, shampoos, or equipment such as infrared lamps or vibrating equipment.", "Maintain treatment records." ], "topSkills": [ "Calendar and scheduling software", "Electronic mail software", "Web page creation and editing software", "Inventory management software", "Internet browser software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "English Language", "Sales and Marketing", "Public Safety and Security", "Chemistry" ] }, { "slug": "sheet-metal-workers", "socCode": "47-2211", "title": "Sheet Metal Workers", "category": "construction", "riskScore": 50, "freyOsborneProb": 0.82, "employment": 117470, "medianWage": 60850, "wage10th": 38030, "wage90th": 102680, "projectedGrowthPct": 2.4, "genaiExposure": 22, "topRiskFactors": [ "BIM-integrated automated progress tracking", "3D printing of building components", "Autonomous heavy equipment operation", "AI project scheduling and resource optimization" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Physical work in confined or elevated spaces", "Adapting to unique building configurations on-site", "Client-facing consultation on custom project needs", "Real-time safety judgment in hazardous conditions" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 65 }, { "title": "Electricians", "slug": "electricians", "riskScore": 32, "medianWage": 62350, "skillsOverlap": 81 }, { "title": "Supervisors of Construction and Extraction Workers", "slug": "supervisors-of-construction-and-extraction-workers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 78690, "skillsOverlap": 79 } ], "topTasks": [ "Maintain equipment, making repairs or modifications when necessary.", "Fabricate ducts for high efficiency heating, ventilating, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems to maximize efficiency of systems.", "Fasten seams or joints together with welds, bolts, cement, rivets, solder, caulks, metal drive clips, or bonds to assemble components into products or to repair sheet metal items.", "Transport prefabricated parts to construction sites for assembly and installation.", "Install assemblies, such as flashing, pipes, tubes, heating and air conditioning ducts, furnace casings, rain gutters, or downspouts in supportive frameworks." ], "topSkills": [ "Computer aided manufacturing CAM software", "Computer aided design CAD software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software", "Operating system software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Mechanical", "Building and Construction", "Mathematics", "Design", "English Language" ] }, { "slug": "ship-engineers", "socCode": "53-5031", "title": "Ship Engineers", "category": "transportation", "riskScore": 33, "freyOsborneProb": 0.041, "employment": 8580, "medianWage": 101320, "wage10th": 56620, "wage90th": 162370, "projectedGrowthPct": 1.6, "genaiExposure": 53, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI route optimization reducing dispatcher roles", "Automated warehouse sorting and loading systems", "Drone delivery displacing last-mile logistics workers" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Customer interaction and conflict resolution during delivery", "Emergency situation response and quick decision-making", "Manual loading of irregular and fragile cargo", "Navigating complex urban environments with obstacles" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Air Transportation Workers", "slug": "air-transportation-workers", "riskScore": 31, "medianWage": 106500, "skillsOverlap": 79 }, { "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Transportation and Material Moving Workers, Except Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-transportation-and-material-moving-workers-except-aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 61890, "skillsOverlap": 71 }, { "title": "Ambulance Drivers and Attendants, Except Emergency Medical Technicians", "slug": "ambulance-drivers-and-attendants-except-emergency-medical-technicians", "riskScore": 28, "medianWage": 34330, "skillsOverlap": 80 } ], "topTasks": [ "Monitor engine, machinery, or equipment indicators when vessels are underway, and report abnormalities to appropriate shipboard staff.", "Monitor the availability, use, or condition of lifesaving equipment or pollution preventatives to ensure that international regulations are followed.", "Monitor and test operations of engines or other equipment so that malfunctions and their causes can be identified.", "Start engines to propel ships, and regulate engines and power transmissions to control speeds of ships, according to directions from captains or bridge computers.", "Perform or participate in emergency drills, as required." ], "topSkills": [ "Operating system software", "Helpdesk or call center software", "Facilities management software", "Customer relationship management CRM software", "Enterprise application integration software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Mechanical", "English Language", "Engineering and Technology", "Public Safety and Security", "Transportation" ] }, { "slug": "shipping-receiving-and-inventory-clerks", "socCode": "43-5071", "title": "Shipping, Receiving, and Inventory Clerks", "category": "office-admin", "riskScore": 82, "freyOsborneProb": 0.98, "employment": 857630, "medianWage": 43190, "wage10th": 32900, "wage90th": 60300, "projectedGrowthPct": -7.7, "genaiExposure": 95, "topRiskFactors": [ "Intelligent document processing and OCR automation", "AI-generated written content replacing manual drafting", "AI summarization replacing manual report compilation", "AI coding assistants reducing developer demand", "AI scheduling and calendar management assistants" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Coordinating complex multi-party events and logistics", "Handling confidential and politically sensitive information", "Exercising discretion in ambiguous administrative decisions" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Supervisors of Office and Administrative Support Workers", "slug": "supervisors-of-office-and-administrative-support-workers", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 66140, "skillsOverlap": 73 }, { "title": "Education Administrators, All Other", "slug": "education-administrators-all-other", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 89040, "skillsOverlap": 67 }, { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 62 } ], "topTasks": [ "Examine shipment contents and compare with records, such as manifests, invoices, or orders, to verify accuracy.", "Requisition and store shipping materials and supplies to maintain inventory of stock.", "Prepare documents, such as work orders, bills of lading, or shipping orders, to route materials.", "Pack, seal, label, or affix postage to prepare materials for shipping, using hand tools, power tools, or postage meter.", "Record shipment data, such as weight, charges, space availability, damages, or discrepancies, for reporting, accounting, or recordkeeping purposes." ], "topSkills": [ "Materials requirements planning logistics and supply chain software", "Procurement software", "Label making software", "Access software", "Enterprise application integration software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Administrative", "Computers and Electronics", "Production and Processing", "Mathematics", "English Language" ] }, { "slug": "shoe-and-leather-workers-and-repairers", "socCode": "51-6041", "title": "Shoe and Leather Workers and Repairers", "category": "production", "riskScore": 45, "freyOsborneProb": 0.52, "employment": 7640, "medianWage": 35950, "wage10th": 25170, "wage90th": 48090, "projectedGrowthPct": -3.8, "genaiExposure": 10, "topRiskFactors": [ "Automated CNC programming and machine operation", "Predictive maintenance reducing manual inspection roles", "Smart factory scheduling and production optimization", "AI quality inspection via computer vision systems" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Coordinating workflow across diverse production teams", "Setup and calibration of custom production runs", "Handling non-standard materials and configurations", "Troubleshooting complex equipment malfunctions" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 55 }, { "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Transportation and Material Moving Workers, Except Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-transportation-and-material-moving-workers-except-aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 61890, "skillsOverlap": 65 }, { "title": "Fabric and Apparel Patternmakers", "slug": "fabric-and-apparel-patternmakers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 67670, "skillsOverlap": 84 } ], "topTasks": [ "Dye, soak, polish, paint, stamp, stitch, stain, buff, or engrave leather or other materials to obtain desired effects, decorations, or shapes.", "Cut out parts, following patterns or outlines, using knives, shears, scissors, or machine presses.", "Construct, decorate, or repair leather products according to specifications, using sewing machines, needles and thread, leather lacing, glue, clamps, hand tools, or rivets.", "Repair and recondition leather products such as trunks, luggage, shoes, saddles, belts, purses, and baseball gloves.", "Align and stitch or glue materials such as fabric, fleece, leather, or wood, to join parts." ], "topSkills": [ "Accounting software", "Inventory management software", "Spreadsheet software", "Point of sale POS software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Production and Processing", "Customer and Personal Service", "Mechanical", "Sales and Marketing", "Administration and Management" ] }, { "slug": "shoe-machine-operators-and-tenders", "socCode": "51-6042", "title": "Shoe Machine Operators and Tenders", "category": "production", "riskScore": 58, "freyOsborneProb": 0.97, "employment": 3270, "medianWage": 38160, "wage10th": 24160, "wage90th": 47860, "projectedGrowthPct": -3.7, "genaiExposure": 10, "topRiskFactors": [ "Cobots handling repetitive material handling tasks", "Industrial robotics replacing manual assembly tasks", "AI quality inspection via computer vision systems", "Automated CNC programming and machine operation" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Setup and calibration of custom production runs", "Quality judgment requiring tactile and visual inspection", "Coordinating workflow across diverse production teams", "Troubleshooting complex equipment malfunctions" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 61 }, { "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Transportation and Material Moving Workers, Except Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-transportation-and-material-moving-workers-except-aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 61890, "skillsOverlap": 51 }, { "title": "Fabric and Apparel Patternmakers", "slug": "fabric-and-apparel-patternmakers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 67670, "skillsOverlap": 80 } ], "topTasks": [ "Inspect finished products to ensure that shoes have been completed according to specifications.", "Align parts to be stitched, following seams, edges, or markings, before positioning them under needles.", "Operate or tend machines to join, decorate, reinforce, or finish shoes and shoe parts.", "Remove and examine shoes, shoe parts, and designs to verify conformance to specifications such as proper embedding of stitches in channels.", "Switch on machines, lower pressure feet or rollers to secure parts, and start machine stitching, using hand, foot, or knee controls." ], "topSkills": [ "Document management software", "Inventory management software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software", "Operating system software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Production and Processing", "Administration and Management", "Education and Training", "Customer and Personal Service", "Personnel and Human Resources" ] }, { "slug": "shuttle-drivers-and-chauffeurs", "socCode": "53-3053", "title": "Shuttle Drivers and Chauffeurs", "category": "transportation", "riskScore": 48, "freyOsborneProb": 0.4, "employment": 229630, "medianWage": 36670, "wage10th": 27490, "wage90th": 52910, "projectedGrowthPct": 6.7, "genaiExposure": 48, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI traffic management and fleet coordination", "Predictive maintenance reducing manual inspection needs", "Automated warehouse sorting and loading systems", "Drone delivery displacing last-mile logistics workers" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Manual loading of irregular and fragile cargo", "Navigating unpredictable road and weather conditions", "Customer interaction and conflict resolution during delivery", "Navigating complex urban environments with obstacles" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Transportation and Material Moving Workers, Except Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-transportation-and-material-moving-workers-except-aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 61890, "skillsOverlap": 76 }, { "title": "Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 29, "medianWage": 63940, "skillsOverlap": 83 }, { "title": "Air Transportation Workers", "slug": "air-transportation-workers", "riskScore": 31, "medianWage": 106500, "skillsOverlap": 79 } ], "topTasks": [ "Arrange to pick up particular customers or groups on a regular schedule.", "Check the condition of a vehicle's tires, brakes, windshield wipers, lights, oil, fuel, water, and safety equipment to ensure that everything is in working order.", "Collect fares or vouchers from passengers, and make change or issue receipts as necessary.", "Communicate with dispatchers by radio, telephone, or computer to exchange information and receive requests for passenger service.", "Complete accident reports when 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{ "title": "Electrical Power-Line Installers and Repairers", "slug": "electrical-power-line-installers-and-repairers", "riskScore": 28, "medianWage": 92560, "skillsOverlap": 69 }, { "title": "Architects, Except Landscape and Naval", "slug": "architects-except-landscape-and-naval", "riskScore": 29, "medianWage": 96690, "skillsOverlap": 67 } ], "topTasks": [ "Operate or tend stationary engines, boilers, and auxiliary equipment, such as pumps, compressors, or air-conditioning equipment, to supply and maintain steam or heat for buildings, marine vessels, or pneumatic tools.", "Activate valves to maintain required amounts of water in boilers, to adjust supplies of combustion air, and to control the flow of fuel into burners.", "Monitor boiler water, chemical, and fuel levels, and make adjustments to maintain required levels.", "Analyze problems and take appropriate action to ensure continuous and reliable operation of equipment and systems.", "Observe and interpret readings on gauges, 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specifications or blueprints to determine the locations, quantities, or sizes of materials required.", "Connect columns, beams, and girders with bolts, following blueprints and instructions from supervisors.", "Bolt aligned structural steel members in position for permanent riveting, bolting, or welding into place.", "Fasten structural steel members to hoist cables, using chains, cables, or rope.", "Hoist steel beams, girders, or columns into place, using cranes or signaling hoisting equipment operators to lift and position structural steel members." ], "topSkills": [ "Computer aided design CAD software", "Project management software", "Inventory management software", "Electronic mail software", "Accounting software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Building and Construction", "Mechanical", "Mathematics", "Public Safety and Security", "Administration and Management" ] }, { "slug": "structural-metal-fabricators-and-fitters", "socCode": "51-2041", "title": "Structural Metal Fabricators and 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"first-line-supervisors-of-transportation-and-material-moving-workers-except-aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 61890, "skillsOverlap": 61 }, { "title": "Fabric and Apparel Patternmakers", "slug": "fabric-and-apparel-patternmakers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 67670, "skillsOverlap": 70 } ], "topTasks": [ "Verify conformance of workpieces to specifications, using squares, rulers, and measuring tapes.", "Study engineering drawings and blueprints to determine materials requirements and task sequences.", "Position, align, fit, and weld parts to form complete units or subunits, following blueprints and layout specifications, and using jigs, welding torches, and hand tools.", "Lay out and examine metal stock or workpieces to be processed to ensure that specifications are met.", "Tack-weld fitted parts together." ], "topSkills": [ "Computer aided design CAD software", "Enterprise resource planning ERP software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite 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representatives." ], "topSkills": [ "Document management software", "Development environment software", "Video creation and editing software", "Computer based training software", "Graphics or photo imaging software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Education and Training", "Customer and Personal Service", "English Language", "Personnel and Human Resources", "Administration and Management" ] }, { "slug": "transit-and-railroad-police", "socCode": "33-3052", "title": "Transit and Railroad Police", "category": "protective-service", "riskScore": 56, "freyOsborneProb": 0.57, "employment": 3000, "medianWage": 82320, "wage10th": 58370, "wage90th": 141870, "projectedGrowthPct": 3, "genaiExposure": 81, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI summarization replacing manual report compilation", "Drone-based perimeter monitoring and response", "Automated access control and identity verification", "Chatbot displacement of customer-facing interactions" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Split-second judgment in life-threatening 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property or coordinate with law enforcement agencies in apprehensions and removals.", "Direct security activities at derailments, fires, floods, or strikes involving railroad property.", "Patrol railroad yards, cars, stations, or other facilities to protect company property or shipments and to maintain order." ], "topSkills": [ "Map creation software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Web platform development software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Public Safety and Security", "Law and Government", "English Language", "Customer and Personal Service", "Transportation" ] }, { "slug": "transportation-inspectors", "socCode": "53-6051", "title": "Transportation Inspectors", "category": "transportation", "riskScore": 63, "freyOsborneProb": 0.9, "employment": 23320, "medianWage": 85750, "wage10th": 40090, "wage90th": 137120, "projectedGrowthPct": 1.7, "genaiExposure": 68, "topRiskFactors": [ "Automated data interpretation and insight generation", "Autonomous vehicle and self-driving truck technology", "AI route optimization reducing dispatcher roles", "AI-generated written content replacing manual drafting" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Emergency situation response and quick decision-making", "Customer interaction and conflict resolution during delivery", "Manual loading of irregular and fragile cargo" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Air Transportation Workers", "slug": "air-transportation-workers", "riskScore": 31, "medianWage": 106500, "skillsOverlap": 79 }, { "title": "Ship Engineers", "slug": "ship-engineers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 101320, "skillsOverlap": 75 }, { "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Transportation and Material Moving Workers, Except Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-transportation-and-material-moving-workers-except-aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 61890, "skillsOverlap": 71 } ], "topTasks": [ "Prepare and submit reports after completion of freight shipments.", "Inspect shipments to ensure that freight is securely braced and blocked.", "Record details about freight conditions, handling of freight, and any problems encountered.", "Advise crews in techniques of stowing dangerous and heavy cargo.", "Observe loading of freight to ensure that crews comply with procedures." ], "topSkills": [ "Document management software", "Electronic mail software", "Operating system software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "English Language", "Mechanical", "Public Safety and Security", "Customer and Personal Service", "Transportation" ] }, { "slug": "transportation-security-screeners", "socCode": "33-9093", "title": "Transportation Security Screeners", "category": "protective-service", "riskScore": 53, "freyOsborneProb": 0.67, "employment": 46340, "medianWage": 63360, "wage10th": 45010, "wage90th": 75940, "projectedGrowthPct": -6, "genaiExposure": 38, "topRiskFactors": [ "Drone-based perimeter monitoring and response", "Automated access control and identity verification", "Predictive policing and crime analytics", "Autonomous patrol and security robots" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Physical apprehension and emergency response", "Community relationship-building and trust development", "Navigating legally and ethically complex enforcement scenarios", "De-escalation of volatile interpersonal confrontations" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 59 }, { "title": "Lawyers, Judges, and Related Workers", "slug": "lawyers-judges-and-related-workers", "riskScore": 17, "medianWage": 144040, "skillsOverlap": 57 }, { "title": "Education Administrators, All Other", "slug": "education-administrators-all-other", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 89040, "skillsOverlap": 69 } ], "topTasks": [ "Inspect carry-on items, using x-ray viewing equipment, to determine whether items contain objects that warrant further investigation.", "Search carry-on or checked baggage by hand when it is suspected to contain prohibited items such as weapons.", "Check passengers' tickets to ensure that they are valid, and to determine whether passengers have designations that require special handling, such as providing photo identification.", "Test baggage for any explosive materials, using equipment such as explosive detection machines or chemical swab systems.", "Perform pat-down or hand-held wand searches of passengers who have triggered machine alarms, who are unable to pass through metal detectors, or who have been randomly identified for such searches." ], "topSkills": [ "Human resources software", "Electronic mail software", "Operating system software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Public Safety and Security", "Customer and Personal Service", "English Language", "Law and Government", "Education and Training" ] }, { "slug": "transportation-workers-all-other", "socCode": "53-6099", "title": "Transportation Workers, All Other", "category": "transportation", "riskScore": 37, "freyOsborneProb": 0.4, "employment": 10960, "medianWage": 39630, "wage10th": 27780, "wage90th": 65810, "projectedGrowthPct": 3.8, "genaiExposure": 35, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI traffic management and fleet coordination", "AI route optimization reducing dispatcher roles", "Drone delivery displacing last-mile logistics workers" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Manual loading of irregular and fragile cargo", "Customer interaction and conflict resolution during delivery", "Navigating unpredictable road and weather conditions", "Emergency situation response and quick decision-making" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Transportation and Material Moving Workers, Except Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-transportation-and-material-moving-workers-except-aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 61890, "skillsOverlap": 84 }, { "title": "Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 29, "medianWage": 63940, "skillsOverlap": 76 }, { "title": "Air Transportation Workers", "slug": "air-transportation-workers", "riskScore": 31, "medianWage": 106500, "skillsOverlap": 72 } ], "topTasks": [], "topSkills": [], "topKnowledge": [] }, { "slug": "transportation-storage-and-distribution-managers", "socCode": "11-3071", "title": "Transportation, Storage, and Distribution Managers", "category": "management", "riskScore": 51, "freyOsborneProb": 0.59, "employment": 213000, "medianWage": 102010, "wage10th": 61200, "wage90th": 180590, "projectedGrowthPct": 6.1, "genaiExposure": 82, "topRiskFactors": [ "Chatbot displacement of customer-facing interactions", "Chatbot-based employee self-service reducing HR management", "Automated data interpretation and insight generation", "AI-powered research and literature review tools" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Navigating complex interpersonal and political dynamics", "Inspiring and leading teams through organizational change", "Conflict resolution and mediation across departments", "Strategic vision-setting in uncertain markets" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 70 }, { "title": "Architectural and Engineering Managers", "slug": "architectural-and-engineering-managers", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 167740, "skillsOverlap": 71 }, { "title": "Fundraising Managers", "slug": "fundraising-managers", "riskScore": 24, "medianWage": 123480, "skillsOverlap": 84 } ], "topTasks": [ "Supervise the activities of workers engaged in receiving, storing, testing, and shipping products or materials.", "Plan, develop, or implement warehouse safety and security programs and activities.", "Inspect physical conditions of warehouses, vehicle fleets, or equipment and order testing, maintenance, repairs, or replacements.", "Plan, organize, or manage the work of subordinate staff to ensure that the work is accomplished in a manner consistent with organizational requirements.", "Collaborate with other departments to integrate logistics with business systems or processes, such as customer sales, order management, accounting, or shipping." ], "topSkills": [ "Materials requirements planning logistics and supply chain software", "Label making software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Inventory management software", "Route navigation software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Transportation", "Administration and Management", "English Language", "Customer and Personal Service", "Economics and Accounting" ] }, { "slug": "travel-agents", "socCode": "41-3041", "title": "Travel Agents", "category": "sales", "riskScore": 48, "freyOsborneProb": 0.099, "employment": 59150, "medianWage": 48450, "wage10th": 33280, "wage90th": 74160, "projectedGrowthPct": 2.2, "genaiExposure": 95, "topRiskFactors": [ "Large language model automation of analysis tasks", "E-commerce automation reducing in-store sales staff", "Generative AI producing marketing and creative copy", "Dynamic pricing algorithms replacing pricing roles" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Building long-term client relationships and trust", "Consultative selling for complex or high-value products", "Reading customer emotional cues and adapting approach", "Negotiating bespoke deals with multiple stakeholders" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 69 }, { "title": "Education Administrators, All Other", "slug": "education-administrators-all-other", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 89040, "skillsOverlap": 59 }, { "title": "Supervisors of Office and Administrative Support Workers", "slug": "supervisors-of-office-and-administrative-support-workers", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 66140, "skillsOverlap": 55 } ], "topTasks": [ "Collect payment for transportation and accommodations from customer.", "Plan, describe, arrange, and sell itinerary tour packages and promotional travel incentives offered by various travel carriers.", "Converse with customer to determine destination, mode of transportation, travel dates, financial considerations, and accommodations required.", "Compute cost of travel and accommodations, using calculator, computer, carrier tariff books, and hotel rate books, or quote package tour's costs.", "Record and maintain information on clients, vendors, and travel packages." ], "topSkills": [ "Calendar and scheduling software", "Customer relationship management CRM software", "Business intelligence and data analysis software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Accounting software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "English Language", "Sales and Marketing", "Geography", "Computers and Electronics" ] }, { "slug": "tree-trimmers-and-pruners", "socCode": "37-3013", "title": "Tree Trimmers and Pruners", "category": "maintenance", "riskScore": 58, "freyOsborneProb": 0.77, "employment": 47870, "medianWage": 50430, "wage10th": 37660, "wage90th": 78900, "projectedGrowthPct": 3.3, "genaiExposure": 44, "topRiskFactors": [ "Remote monitoring reducing on-site maintenance staff", "IoT-based predictive maintenance scheduling", "Robotic cleaning and facility maintenance systems", "Automated grounds-keeping and landscaping equipment" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Hands-on troubleshooting of building systems", "Responding to unpredictable facility emergencies", "Physical work in diverse and unstructured environments", "Judgment calls on repair vs. replacement decisions" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Transportation and Material Moving Workers, Except Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-transportation-and-material-moving-workers-except-aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 61890, "skillsOverlap": 51 }, { "title": "Electrical Power-Line Installers and Repairers", "slug": "electrical-power-line-installers-and-repairers", "riskScore": 28, "medianWage": 92560, "skillsOverlap": 65 }, { "title": "Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 29, "medianWage": 63940, "skillsOverlap": 63 } ], "topTasks": [ "Operate shredding and chipping equipment, and feed limbs and brush into the machines.", "Operate boom trucks, loaders, stump chippers, brush chippers, tractors, power saws, trucks, sprayers, and other equipment and tools.", "Cut away dead and excess branches from trees, or clear branches around power lines, using climbing equipment or buckets of extended truck booms, or chainsaws, hooks, handsaws, shears, and clippers.", "Clean, sharpen, and lubricate tools and equipment.", "Hoist tools and equipment to tree trimmers, and lower branches with ropes or block and tackle." ], "topSkills": [ "Web page creation and editing software", "Spreadsheet software", "Electronic mail software", "Word processing software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "Mechanical", "Public Safety and Security", "Production and Processing", "Transportation" ] }, { "slug": "tutors", "socCode": "25-3041", "title": "Tutors", "category": "education", "riskScore": 50, "freyOsborneProb": 0.4, "employment": 174660, "medianWage": 40090, "wage10th": 28430, "wage90th": 78810, "projectedGrowthPct": 0.6, "genaiExposure": 95, "topRiskFactors": [ "Automated data interpretation and insight generation", "AI tutoring systems providing personalized instruction", "AI-generated curriculum and lesson plan content", "AI-generated written content replacing manual drafting" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Mentoring students through personal and academic challenges", "Inspiring and motivating students through personal connection", "Adapting instruction to individual learning needs in real-time", "Managing classroom dynamics and student behavior" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Postsecondary Teachers", "slug": "postsecondary-teachers", "riskScore": 22, "medianWage": 81600, "skillsOverlap": 71 }, { "title": "Postsecondary Teachers, All Other", "slug": "postsecondary-teachers-all-other", "riskScore": 22, "medianWage": 78490, "skillsOverlap": 71 }, { "title": "Teachers and Instructors, All Other", "slug": "teachers-and-instructors-all-other", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 64690, "skillsOverlap": 84 } ], "topTasks": [ "Provide feedback to students, using positive reinforcement techniques to encourage, motivate, or build confidence in students.", "Review class material with students by discussing text, working solutions to problems, or reviewing worksheets or other assignments.", "Assess students' progress throughout tutoring sessions.", "Teach students study skills, note-taking skills, and test-taking strategies.", "Provide private instruction to individual or small groups of students to improve academic performance, improve occupational skills, or prepare for academic or occupational tests." ], "topSkills": [ "Computer based training software", "Calendar and scheduling software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Analytical or scientific software", "Multi-media educational software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "English Language", "Education and Training", "Mathematics", "Computers and Electronics" ] }, { "slug": "umpires-referees-and-other-sports-officials", "socCode": "27-2023", "title": "Umpires, Referees, and Other Sports Officials", "category": "arts-media", "riskScore": 75, "freyOsborneProb": 0.98, "employment": 15080, "medianWage": 38820, "wage10th": 25070, "wage90th": 93180, "projectedGrowthPct": 5.7, "genaiExposure": 95, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI summarization replacing manual report compilation", "Chatbot displacement of customer-facing interactions", "Large language model automation of analysis tasks", "Automated data interpretation and insight generation", "AI coding assistants reducing developer demand" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Collaborative creative ideation and brainstorming", "Cultural interpretation and contextual sensitivity", "Original creative vision and artistic direction" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Artists and Related Workers, All Other", "slug": "artists-and-related-workers-all-other", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 72760, "skillsOverlap": 74 }, { "title": "Fashion Designers", "slug": "fashion-designers", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 80690, "skillsOverlap": 74 }, { "title": "Special Effects Artists and Animators", "slug": "special-effects-artists-and-animators", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 99800, "skillsOverlap": 70 } ], "topTasks": [ "Officiate at sporting events, games, or competitions, to maintain standards of play and to ensure that game rules are observed.", "Inspect game sites for compliance with regulations or safety requirements.", "Resolve claims of rule infractions or complaints by participants and assess any necessary penalties, according to regulations.", "Signal participants or other officials to make them aware of infractions or to otherwise regulate play or competition.", "Teach and explain the rules and regulations governing a specific sport." ], "topSkills": [ "Document management software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Electronic mail software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "English Language", "Education and Training", "Administration and Management", "Customer and Personal Service", "Psychology" ] }, { "slug": "underground-mining-machine-operators-all-other", "socCode": "47-5049", "title": "Underground Mining Machine Operators, All Other", "category": "construction", "riskScore": 46, "freyOsborneProb": 0.59, "employment": 3480, "medianWage": 67220, "wage10th": 46930, "wage90th": 82750, "projectedGrowthPct": -6.1, "genaiExposure": 35, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI project scheduling and resource optimization", "3D printing of building components", "BIM-integrated automated progress tracking", "Autonomous heavy equipment operation" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Navigating unpredictable and unstructured job sites", "Fine motor craftsmanship in custom installations", "Physical work in confined or elevated spaces", "Real-time safety judgment in hazardous conditions" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 57 }, { "title": "Supervisors of Construction and Extraction Workers", "slug": "supervisors-of-construction-and-extraction-workers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 78690, "skillsOverlap": 71 }, { "title": "Extraction Workers", "slug": "extraction-workers", "riskScore": 29, "medianWage": 56020, "skillsOverlap": 84 } ], "topTasks": [], "topSkills": [], "topKnowledge": [] }, { "slug": "upholsterers", "socCode": "51-6093", "title": "Upholsterers", "category": "production", "riskScore": 43, "freyOsborneProb": 0.39, "employment": 20990, "medianWage": 46190, "wage10th": 32190, "wage90th": 63600, "projectedGrowthPct": -1.8, "genaiExposure": 44, "topRiskFactors": [ "Smart factory scheduling and production optimization", "Predictive maintenance reducing manual inspection roles", "Cobots handling repetitive material handling tasks", "Automated CNC programming and machine operation" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Setup and calibration of custom production runs", "Quality judgment requiring tactile and visual inspection", "Troubleshooting complex equipment malfunctions", "Coordinating workflow across diverse production teams" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 51 }, { "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Transportation and Material Moving Workers, Except Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-transportation-and-material-moving-workers-except-aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 61890, "skillsOverlap": 61 }, { "title": "Fabric and Apparel Patternmakers", "slug": "fabric-and-apparel-patternmakers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 67670, "skillsOverlap": 80 } ], "topTasks": [ "Fit, install, and secure material on frames, using hand tools, power tools, glue, cement, or staples.", "Measure and cut new covering materials, using patterns and measuring and cutting instruments, following sketches and design specifications.", "Build furniture up with loose fiber stuffing, cotton, felt, or foam padding to form smooth, rounded surfaces.", "Make, restore, or create custom upholstered furniture, using hand tools and knowledge of fabrics and upholstery methods.", "Read work orders, and apply knowledge and experience with materials to determine types and amounts of materials required to cover workpieces." ], "topSkills": [ "Computer aided design CAD software", "Enterprise resource planning ERP software", "Accounting software", "Process mapping and design software", "Spreadsheet software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Production and Processing", "Design", "Customer and Personal Service", "Mechanical", "Education and Training" ] }, { "slug": "urban-and-regional-planners", "socCode": "19-3051", "title": "Urban and Regional Planners", "category": "science", "riskScore": 41, "freyOsborneProb": 0.13, "employment": 43040, "medianWage": 83720, "wage10th": 55590, "wage90th": 128550, "projectedGrowthPct": 3.4, "genaiExposure": 88, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI-powered research and literature review tools", "AI coding assistants reducing developer demand", "Generative AI producing marketing and creative copy", "Automated data interpretation and insight generation" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Ethical oversight of research involving human subjects", "Collaborative scientific discourse and peer review", "Fieldwork in unstructured natural environments", "Interpreting ambiguous results with domain expertise" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Dentists, All Other Specialists", "slug": "dentists-all-other-specialists", "riskScore": 13, "medianWage": 225770, "skillsOverlap": 61 }, { "title": "Social Scientists and Related Workers", "slug": "social-scientists-and-related-workers", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 92900, "skillsOverlap": 70 }, { "title": "Political Scientists", "slug": "political-scientists", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 139380, "skillsOverlap": 77 } ], "topTasks": [ "Design, promote, or administer government plans or policies affecting land use, zoning, public utilities, community facilities, housing, or transportation.", "Advise planning officials on project feasibility, cost-effectiveness, regulatory conformance, or possible alternatives.", "Create, prepare, or requisition graphic or narrative reports on land use data, including land area maps overlaid with geographic variables, such as population density.", "Hold public meetings with government officials, social scientists, lawyers, developers, the public, or special interest groups to formulate, develop, or address issues regarding land use or community plans.", "Mediate community disputes or assist in developing alternative plans or recommendations for programs or projects." ], "topSkills": [ "Computer aided design CAD software", "Enterprise resource planning ERP software", "Compliance software", "Document management software", "Graphics or photo imaging software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Law and Government", "English Language", "Geography", "Transportation", "Communications and Media" ] }, { "slug": "ushers-lobby-attendants-and-ticket-takers", "socCode": "39-3031", "title": "Ushers, Lobby Attendants, and Ticket Takers", "category": "personal-care", "riskScore": 66, "freyOsborneProb": 0.96, "employment": 119210, "medianWage": 31150, "wage10th": 22880, "wage90th": 40210, "projectedGrowthPct": 1.2, "genaiExposure": 61, "topRiskFactors": [ "Large language model automation of analysis tasks", "Automated booking and client management platforms", "Virtual try-on technology reducing in-person consultations", "AI-powered research and literature review tools" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Adapting techniques to individual body types and preferences", "Emotional support and active listening during sessions", "Creative aesthetic judgment for individual clients" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Tour and Travel Guides", "slug": "tour-and-travel-guides", "riskScore": 27, "medianWage": 36660, "skillsOverlap": 78 }, { "title": "Concierges", "slug": "concierges", "riskScore": 29, "medianWage": 37320, "skillsOverlap": 74 }, { "title": "Social Workers, All Other", "slug": "social-workers-all-other", "riskScore": 22, "medianWage": 69480, "skillsOverlap": 53 } ], "topTasks": [ "Greet patrons attending entertainment events.", "Sell or collect admission tickets, passes, or facility memberships from patrons at entertainment events.", "Clean facilities.", "Settle seating disputes or help solve other customer concerns.", "Examine tickets or passes to verify authenticity, using criteria such as color or date issued." ], "topSkills": [ "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software", "Electronic mail software", "Presentation software", "Operating system software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "English Language", "Public Safety and Security", "Communications and Media", "Sales and Marketing" ] }, { "slug": "vehicle-and-mobile-equipment-mechanics-installers-and-repairers", "socCode": "49-3000", "title": "Vehicle and Mobile Equipment Mechanics, Installers, and Repairers", "category": "repair", "riskScore": 35, "freyOsborneProb": 0.4, "employment": 1732480, "medianWage": 56220, "wage10th": 35280, "wage90th": 86250, "projectedGrowthPct": 4, "genaiExposure": 35, "topRiskFactors": [ "Predictive maintenance AI reducing reactive repair needs", "Augmented reality-guided remote diagnostics", "AI parts inventory and supply chain optimization" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Adapting repairs to non-standard or legacy equipment", "Hands-on fine motor work in intricate machinery", "Working in confined, elevated, or hazardous spaces", "Customer communication about technical issues" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 55 }, { "title": "Electrical Power-Line Installers and Repairers", "slug": "electrical-power-line-installers-and-repairers", "riskScore": 28, "medianWage": 92560, "skillsOverlap": 74 }, { "title": "Supervisors of Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Workers", "slug": "supervisors-of-installation-maintenance-and-repair-workers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 78300, "skillsOverlap": 79 } ], "topTasks": [], "topSkills": [], "topKnowledge": [] }, { "slug": "veterinarians", "socCode": "29-1131", "title": "Veterinarians", "category": "healthcare", "riskScore": 34, "freyOsborneProb": 0.038, "employment": 80630, "medianWage": 125510, "wage10th": 70350, "wage90th": 212890, "projectedGrowthPct": 9.6, "genaiExposure": 84, "topRiskFactors": [ "Administrative automation of medical billing and coding", "AI-generated written content replacing manual drafting", "Natural language processing for clinical documentation" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Interdisciplinary care coordination", "Emergency triage requiring rapid human judgment", "Ethical decision-making in end-of-life situations", "Hands-on physical examination and procedures" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Dentists, All Other Specialists", "slug": "dentists-all-other-specialists", "riskScore": 13, "medianWage": 225770, "skillsOverlap": 72 }, { "title": "Dentists, General", "slug": "dentists-general", "riskScore": 24, "medianWage": 172790, "skillsOverlap": 80 }, { "title": "Podiatrists", "slug": "podiatrists", "riskScore": 28, "medianWage": 152800, "skillsOverlap": 72 } ], "topTasks": [ "Treat sick or injured animals by prescribing medication, setting bones, dressing wounds, or performing surgery.", "Inoculate animals against various diseases, such as rabies or distemper.", "Examine animals to detect and determine the nature of diseases or injuries.", "Collect body tissue, feces, blood, urine, or other body fluids for examination and analysis.", "Operate diagnostic equipment, such as radiographic or ultrasound equipment, and interpret the resulting images." ], "topSkills": [ "Document management software", "Medical software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Biology", "Medicine and Dentistry", "Customer and Personal Service", "English Language", "Mathematics" ] }, { "slug": "veterinary-assistants-and-laboratory-animal-caretakers", "socCode": "31-9096", "title": "Veterinary Assistants and Laboratory Animal Caretakers", "category": "healthcare-support", "riskScore": 68, "freyOsborneProb": 0.86, "employment": 114190, "medianWage": 37320, "wage10th": 29160, "wage90th": 48150, "projectedGrowthPct": 8.7, "genaiExposure": 76, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI summarization replacing manual report compilation", "Robotic assistance in patient mobility and care", "AI coding assistants reducing developer demand", "Automated data interpretation and insight generation" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Building rapport with patients and families", "Responding to unpredictable patient emergencies", "Physical repositioning and mobility assistance" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Occupational Therapy and Physical Therapist Assistants and Aides", "slug": "occupational-therapy-and-physical-therapist-assistants-and-aides", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 61730, "skillsOverlap": 75 }, { "title": "Dentists, All Other Specialists", "slug": "dentists-all-other-specialists", "riskScore": 13, "medianWage": 225770, "skillsOverlap": 60 }, { "title": "Social Workers, All Other", "slug": "social-workers-all-other", "riskScore": 22, "medianWage": 69480, "skillsOverlap": 57 } ], "topTasks": [ "Hold or restrain animals during veterinary procedures.", "Monitor animals recovering from surgery and notify veterinarians of any unusual changes or symptoms.", "Fill medication prescriptions.", "Clean and maintain kennels, animal holding areas, examination or operating rooms, or animal loading or unloading facilities to control the spread of disease.", "Examine animals to detect behavioral changes or clinical symptoms that could indicate illness or injury." ], "topSkills": [ "Medical software", "Label making software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "English Language", "Biology", "Administrative", "Medicine and Dentistry" ] }, { "slug": "veterinary-technologists-and-technicians", "socCode": "29-2056", "title": "Veterinary Technologists and Technicians", "category": "healthcare", "riskScore": 38, "freyOsborneProb": 0.029, "employment": 131320, "medianWage": 45980, "wage10th": 32120, "wage90th": 60880, "projectedGrowthPct": 9.1, "genaiExposure": 67, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI-assisted diagnostic imaging reducing radiologist workload", "AI summarization replacing manual report compilation", "Telehealth platforms automating triage and intake" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Empathetic patient communication and bedside manner", "Ethical decision-making in end-of-life situations", "Interdisciplinary care coordination", "Complex clinical judgment in ambiguous presentations" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Dentists, All Other 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"Data base user interface and query software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software", "Electronic mail software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Medicine and Dentistry", "Customer and Personal Service", "Biology", "English Language", "Mathematics" ] }, { "slug": "waiters-and-waitresses", "socCode": "35-3031", "title": "Waiters and Waitresses", "category": "food-service", "riskScore": 62, "freyOsborneProb": 0.94, "employment": 2302690, "medianWage": 33760, "wage10th": 18500, "wage90th": 62510, "projectedGrowthPct": -0.7, "genaiExposure": 31, "topRiskFactors": [ "Automated food preparation and cooking robotics", "Self-ordering kiosks and mobile app displacement", "Automated dishwashing and kitchen cleaning systems", "AI inventory management and waste reduction" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Food presentation requiring artistic and tactile skill", "Hospitality and personalized guest experiences", "Adapting to real-time dietary and allergy requests" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Education Administrators, All Other", "slug": "education-administrators-all-other", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 89040, "skillsOverlap": 67 }, { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 62 }, { "title": "Tour and Travel Guides", "slug": "tour-and-travel-guides", "riskScore": 27, "medianWage": 36660, "skillsOverlap": 55 } ], "topTasks": [ "Take orders from patrons for food or beverages.", "Check with customers to ensure that they are enjoying their meals, and take action to correct any problems.", "Check patrons' identification to ensure that they meet minimum age requirements for consumption of alcoholic beverages.", "Collect payments from customers.", "Write patrons' food orders on order slips, memorize orders, or enter orders into computers for transmittal to kitchen staff." ], "topSkills": [ "Instant messaging software", "Point of sale POS software", "Web page creation and editing software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "English Language", "Sales and Marketing", "Food Production", "Administration and Management" ] }, { "slug": "watch-and-clock-repairers", "socCode": "49-9064", "title": "Watch and Clock Repairers", "category": "repair", "riskScore": 64, "freyOsborneProb": 0.99, "employment": 1300, "medianWage": 60690, "wage10th": 39920, "wage90th": 92570, "projectedGrowthPct": -1.1, "genaiExposure": 44, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI parts inventory and supply chain optimization", "Automated fault detection via IoT sensor networks", "Predictive maintenance AI reducing reactive repair needs", "Robotic inspection of hard-to-reach equipment" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Customer communication about technical issues", "Hands-on fine motor work in intricate machinery", "Diagnosing novel equipment failures through physical inspection" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 53 }, { "title": "Electrical Power-Line Installers and Repairers", "slug": "electrical-power-line-installers-and-repairers", "riskScore": 28, "medianWage": 92560, "skillsOverlap": 72 }, { "title": "Supervisors of Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Workers", "slug": "supervisors-of-installation-maintenance-and-repair-workers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 78300, "skillsOverlap": 77 } ], "topTasks": [ "Clean, rinse, and dry timepiece parts, using solutions and ultrasonic or mechanical watch-cleaning machines.", "Adjust timing regulators, using truing calipers, watch-rate recorders, and tweezers.", "Reassemble timepieces, replacing glass faces and batteries, before returning them to customers.", "Disassemble timepieces and inspect them for defective, worn, misaligned, or rusty parts, using loupes.", "Oil moving parts of timepieces." ], "topSkills": [ "Project management software", "Electronic mail software", "Accounting software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Customer and Personal Service", "Administration and Management", "Mechanical", "Administrative", "Engineering and Technology" ] }, { "slug": "water-and-wastewater-treatment-plant-and-system-operators", "socCode": "51-8031", "title": "Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant and System Operators", "category": "production", "riskScore": 62, "freyOsborneProb": 0.61, "employment": 126750, "medianWage": 58260, "wage10th": 37870, "wage90th": 86160, "projectedGrowthPct": -6.5, "genaiExposure": 59, "topRiskFactors": [ "Industrial robotics replacing manual assembly tasks", "Cobots handling repetitive material handling tasks", "AI quality inspection via computer vision systems", "Predictive maintenance reducing manual inspection roles" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Setup and calibration of custom production runs", "Quality judgment requiring tactile and visual inspection", "Coordinating workflow across diverse production teams" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 69 }, { "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Transportation and Material Moving Workers, Except Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-transportation-and-material-moving-workers-except-aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 61890, "skillsOverlap": 59 }, { "title": "Fabric and Apparel Patternmakers", "slug": "fabric-and-apparel-patternmakers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 67670, "skillsOverlap": 73 } ], "topTasks": [ "Add chemicals, such as ammonia, chlorine, or lime, to disinfect and deodorize water and other liquids.", "Collect and test water and sewage samples, using test equipment and color analysis standards.", "Record operational data, personnel attendance, or meter and gauge readings on specified forms.", "Operate and adjust controls on equipment to purify and clarify water, process or dispose of sewage, and generate power.", "Inspect equipment or monitor operating conditions, meters, and gauges to determine load requirements and detect malfunctions." ], "topSkills": [ "Compliance software", "Data base user interface and query software", "Geographic information system", "Industrial control software", "Spreadsheet software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Chemistry", "Biology", "Mechanical", "Mathematics", "Public Safety and Security" ] }, { "slug": "water-transportation-workers", "socCode": "53-5000", "title": "Water Transportation Workers", "category": "transportation", "riskScore": 34, "freyOsborneProb": 0.4, "employment": 77710, "medianWage": 66490, "wage10th": 36960, "wage90th": 139270, "projectedGrowthPct": 1.3, "genaiExposure": 35, "topRiskFactors": [ "Predictive maintenance reducing manual inspection needs", "Autonomous vehicle and self-driving truck technology", "Drone delivery displacing last-mile logistics workers" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Navigating unpredictable road and weather conditions", "Emergency situation response and quick decision-making", "Navigating complex urban environments with obstacles", "Customer interaction and conflict resolution during delivery" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Transportation and Material Moving Workers, Except Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-transportation-and-material-moving-workers-except-aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 61890, "skillsOverlap": 83 }, { "title": "Air Transportation Workers", "slug": "air-transportation-workers", "riskScore": 31, "medianWage": 106500, "skillsOverlap": 81 }, { "title": "Ship Engineers", "slug": "ship-engineers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 101320, "skillsOverlap": 77 } ], "topTasks": [], "topSkills": [], "topKnowledge": [] }, { "slug": "web-and-digital-interface-designers", "socCode": "15-1255", "title": "Web and Digital Interface Designers", "category": "technology", "riskScore": 46, "freyOsborneProb": 0.4, "employment": 111400, "medianWage": 98090, "wage10th": 47840, "wage90th": 192180, "projectedGrowthPct": 7, "genaiExposure": 83, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI summarization replacing manual report compilation", "AI-driven cybersecurity threat detection replacing analysts", "Generative AI producing marketing and creative copy", "Automated testing and CI/CD pipeline intelligence" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Architecting novel systems requiring creative problem-solving", "Ethical AI oversight and bias auditing", "Crisis debugging of complex production incidents", "Mentoring junior developers and team leadership" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 65 }, { "title": "Mathematicians", "slug": "mathematicians", "riskScore": 24, "medianWage": 121680, "skillsOverlap": 74 }, { "title": "Computer Occupations", "slug": "computer-occupations", "riskScore": 26, "medianWage": 105990, "skillsOverlap": 70 } ], "topTasks": [ "Balance and adjust gameplay experiences to ensure the critical and commercial success of the product.", "Devise missions, challenges, or puzzles to be encountered in game play.", "Create core game features, including storylines, role-play mechanics, and character biographies for a new video game or game franchise.", "Solicit, obtain, and integrate feedback from design and technical staff into original game design.", "Conduct regular design reviews throughout the game development process." ], "topSkills": [ "Word processing software", "Document management software", "Development environment software", "Video creation and editing software", "Graphics or photo imaging software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Design", "Computers and Electronics", "Communications and Media", "Mathematics", "Psychology" ] }, { "slug": "web-developers", "socCode": "15-1254", "title": "Web Developers", "category": "technology", "riskScore": 40, "freyOsborneProb": 0.21, "employment": 78860, "medianWage": 90930, "wage10th": 48560, "wage90th": 162870, "projectedGrowthPct": 7.5, "genaiExposure": 81, "topRiskFactors": [ "AI-driven cybersecurity threat detection replacing analysts", "AI-powered research and literature review tools", "Large language model automation of analysis tasks" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Crisis debugging of complex production incidents", "Mentoring junior developers and team leadership", "Ethical AI oversight and bias auditing", "Stakeholder negotiation and requirements elicitation" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 53 }, { "title": "Mathematicians", "slug": "mathematicians", "riskScore": 24, "medianWage": 121680, "skillsOverlap": 77 }, { "title": "Computer Occupations", "slug": "computer-occupations", "riskScore": 26, "medianWage": 105990, "skillsOverlap": 73 } ], "topTasks": [ "Write supporting code for Web applications or Web sites.", "Design, build, or maintain Web sites, using authoring or scripting languages, content creation tools, management tools, and digital media.", "Back up files from Web sites to local directories for instant recovery in case of problems.", "Select programming languages, design tools, or applications.", "Evaluate code to ensure that it is valid, is properly structured, meets industry standards, and is compatible with browsers, devices, or operating systems." ], "topSkills": [ "Word processing software", "Document management software", "Development environment software", "Video creation and editing software", "Graphics or photo imaging software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Computers and Electronics", "English Language", "Mathematics", "Communications and Media", "Customer and Personal Service" ] }, { "slug": "weighers-measurers-checkers-and-samplers-recordkeeping", "socCode": "43-5111", "title": "Weighers, Measurers, Checkers, and Samplers, Recordkeeping", "category": "office-admin", "riskScore": 70, "freyOsborneProb": 0.95, "employment": 49720, "medianWage": 45650, "wage10th": 34580, "wage90th": 60120, "projectedGrowthPct": -4.8, "genaiExposure": 53, "topRiskFactors": [ "Intelligent document processing and OCR automation", "AI scheduling and calendar management assistants", "Robotic process automation of data entry workflows", "Automated invoice and expense processing" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Managing sensitive interpersonal workplace situations", "Building trust-based relationships with executives", "Coordinating complex multi-party events and logistics" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Supervisors of Office and Administrative Support Workers", "slug": "supervisors-of-office-and-administrative-support-workers", "riskScore": 23, "medianWage": 66140, "skillsOverlap": 79 }, { "title": "Education Administrators, All Other", "slug": "education-administrators-all-other", "riskScore": 21, "medianWage": 89040, "skillsOverlap": 63 }, { "title": "Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers", "slug": "advertising-marketing-promotions-public-relations-and-sales-managers", "riskScore": 16, "medianWage": 144530, "skillsOverlap": 58 } ], "topTasks": [ "Document quantity, quality, type, weight, test result data, and value of materials or products to maintain shipping, receiving, and production records and files.", "Weigh or measure materials, equipment, or products to maintain relevant records, using volume meters, scales, rules, or calipers.", "Collect or prepare measurement, weight, or identification labels and attach them to products.", "Examine products or materials, parts, subassemblies, and packaging for damage, defects, or shortages, using specification sheets, gauges, and standards charts.", "Signal or instruct other workers to weigh, move, or check products." ], "topSkills": [ "Electronic mail software", "Enterprise resource planning ERP software", "Inventory management software", "Materials requirements planning logistics and supply chain software", "Data base user interface and query software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Production and Processing", "Mathematics", "English Language", "Administration and Management", "Administrative" ] }, { "slug": "welders-cutters-solderers-and-brazers", "socCode": "51-4121", "title": "Welders, Cutters, Solderers, and Brazers", "category": "production", "riskScore": 62, "freyOsborneProb": 0.94, "employment": 424040, "medianWage": 51000, "wage10th": 38130, "wage90th": 75850, "projectedGrowthPct": 2.2, "genaiExposure": 41, "topRiskFactors": [ "Automated CNC programming and machine operation", "AI quality inspection via computer vision systems", "Cobots handling repetitive material handling tasks", "Industrial robotics 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specifications.", "Weld components in flat, vertical, or overhead positions.", "Detect faulty operation of equipment or defective materials and notify supervisors.", "Recognize, set up, and operate hand and power tools common to the welding trade, such as shielded metal arc and gas metal arc welding equipment." ], "topSkills": [ "Enterprise resource planning ERP software", "Computer aided design CAD software", "Analytical or scientific software", "Electronic mail software", "Spreadsheet software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Production and Processing", "Mechanical", "Mathematics", "English Language", "Design" ] }, { "slug": "welding-soldering-and-brazing-machine-setters-operators-and-tenders", "socCode": "51-4122", "title": "Welding, Soldering, and Brazing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders", "category": "production", "riskScore": 62, "freyOsborneProb": 0.61, "employment": 36290, "medianWage": 47060, "wage10th": 35780, "wage90th": 66190, "projectedGrowthPct": -9, "genaiExposure": 44, "topRiskFactors": [ "Cobots handling repetitive material handling tasks", "Smart factory scheduling and production optimization", "Industrial robotics replacing manual assembly tasks", "Predictive maintenance reducing manual inspection roles" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Setup and calibration of custom production runs", "Quality judgment requiring tactile and visual inspection", "Handling non-standard materials and configurations" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 69 }, { "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Transportation and Material Moving Workers, Except Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-transportation-and-material-moving-workers-except-aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 61890, "skillsOverlap": 59 }, { "title": "Fabric and Apparel Patternmakers", "slug": "fabric-and-apparel-patternmakers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 67670, "skillsOverlap": 73 } ], "topTasks": [ "Read blueprints, work orders, or production schedules to determine product or job instructions or specifications.", "Inspect, measure, or test completed metal workpieces to ensure conformance to specifications, using measuring and testing devices.", "Record operational information on specified production reports.", "Correct problems by adjusting controls or by stopping machines and opening holding devices.", "Set up, operate, or tend welding machines that join or bond components to fabricate metal products or assemblies." ], "topSkills": [ "Electronic mail software", "Enterprise resource planning ERP software", "Operating system software", "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Production and Processing", "Administration and Management", "Design", "Public Safety and Security", "English Language" ] }, { "slug": "wellhead-pumpers", "socCode": "53-7073", "title": "Wellhead Pumpers", "category": "transportation", "riskScore": 60, "freyOsborneProb": 0.84, "employment": 17350, "medianWage": 70010, "wage10th": 39110, "wage90th": 97470, "projectedGrowthPct": -4.7, "genaiExposure": 31, "topRiskFactors": [ "Automated warehouse sorting and loading systems", "Autonomous vehicle and self-driving truck technology", "AI route optimization reducing dispatcher roles", "Drone delivery displacing last-mile logistics workers" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Navigating unpredictable road and weather conditions", "Navigating complex urban environments with obstacles", "Customer interaction and conflict resolution during delivery" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Transportation and Material Moving Workers, Except Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-transportation-and-material-moving-workers-except-aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 61890, "skillsOverlap": 75 }, { "title": "Air Transportation Workers", "slug": "air-transportation-workers", "riskScore": 31, "medianWage": 106500, "skillsOverlap": 73 }, { "title": "Ship Engineers", "slug": "ship-engineers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 101320, "skillsOverlap": 84 } ], "topTasks": [ "Monitor pumps and flow lines for gas and fluid leaks.", "Gauge oil and gas production.", "Start compressor engines and divert oil from storage tanks into compressor units and auxiliary equipment to recover natural gas from oil.", "Monitor control panels during pumping operations to ensure that materials are being pumped at the correct pressure, density, rate, and concentration.", "Operate engines and pumps to shut off wells according to production schedules, and to switch flow of oil into storage tanks." ], "topSkills": [ "Spreadsheet software", "Office suite software", "Electronic mail software", "Word processing software", "Industrial control software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Mechanical", "Mathematics", "Administrative", "Chemistry", "Production and Processing" ] }, { "slug": "wind-turbine-service-technicians", "socCode": "49-9081", "title": "Wind Turbine Service Technicians", "category": "repair", "riskScore": 46, "freyOsborneProb": 0.4, "employment": 11220, "medianWage": 62580, "wage10th": 49110, "wage90th": 88090, "projectedGrowthPct": 49.9, "genaiExposure": 45, "topRiskFactors": [ "Automated fault detection via IoT sensor networks", "Robotic inspection of hard-to-reach equipment", "Augmented reality-guided remote diagnostics", "AI parts inventory and supply chain optimization" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Hands-on fine motor work in intricate machinery", "Adapting repairs to non-standard or legacy equipment", "Working in confined, elevated, or hazardous spaces", "Customer communication about technical issues" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 57 }, { "title": "Electrical Power-Line Installers and Repairers", "slug": "electrical-power-line-installers-and-repairers", "riskScore": 28, "medianWage": 92560, "skillsOverlap": 81 }, { "title": "Supervisors of Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Workers", "slug": "supervisors-of-installation-maintenance-and-repair-workers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 78300, "skillsOverlap": 71 } ], "topTasks": [ "Troubleshoot or repair mechanical, hydraulic, or electrical malfunctions related to variable pitch systems, variable speed control systems, converter systems, or related components.", "Perform routine maintenance on wind turbine equipment, underground transmission systems, wind fields substations, or fiber optic sensing and control systems.", "Diagnose problems involving wind turbine generators or control systems.", "Test electrical components of wind systems with devices, such as voltage testers, multimeters, oscilloscopes, infrared testers, or fiber optic equipment.", "Start or restart wind turbine generator systems to ensure proper operations." ], "topSkills": [ "Analytical or scientific software", "Facilities management software", "Enterprise resource planning ERP software", "Industrial control software", "Spreadsheet software" ], "topKnowledge": [ "Mechanical", "Computers and Electronics", "English Language", "Public Safety and Security", "Engineering and Technology" ] }, { "slug": "woodworkers", "socCode": "51-7000", "title": "Woodworkers", "category": "production", "riskScore": 38, "freyOsborneProb": 0.4, "employment": 207380, "medianWage": 43640, "wage10th": 31330, "wage90th": 59680, "projectedGrowthPct": -1.8, "genaiExposure": 35, "topRiskFactors": [ "Industrial robotics replacing manual assembly tasks", "AI quality inspection via computer vision systems", "Smart factory scheduling and production optimization" ], "topSafeTasks": [ "Coordinating workflow across diverse production teams", "Setup and calibration of custom production runs", "Troubleshooting complex equipment malfunctions", "Quality judgment requiring tactile and visual inspection" ], "transitionPaths": [ { "title": "Engineers", "slug": "engineers", "riskScore": 20, "medianWage": 106070, "skillsOverlap": 61 }, { "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Transportation and Material Moving Workers, Except Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors", "slug": "first-line-supervisors-of-transportation-and-material-moving-workers-except-aircraft-cargo-handling-supervisors", "riskScore": 25, "medianWage": 61890, "skillsOverlap": 51 }, { "title": "Fabric and Apparel Patternmakers", "slug": "fabric-and-apparel-patternmakers", "riskScore": 33, "medianWage": 67670, "skillsOverlap": 70 } ], "topTasks": [], "topSkills": [], "topKnowledge": [] }, { "slug": "woodworkers-all-other", "socCode": "51-7099", "title": "Woodworkers, All Other", "category": "production", "riskScore": 41, "freyOsborneProb": 0.4, "employment": 6590, "medianWage": 41220, "wage10th": 30470, "wage90th": 60870, "projectedGrowthPct": -4.4, "genaiExposure": 35, "topRiskFactors": [ "Predictive 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